No abstract available.
Lymph Node Excision* ; Rectal Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Rectal Neoplasms*

No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms* ; Neoplasms, Second Primary*

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Gastric carcinoma is the most common malignant neoplasm in Korea and is known to be associated with intestinal metaplasia (IM) of gastric epithelium, of which type III IM is suggested to play a special role in the carcinogenesis. This study is to evaluate the subtypes of IM and to measure each subtype in chronic gastritis. Methods: From October 1997 to September 1999, 321 patients with endoscopic chronic gastritis were evaluated the grade of chronic gastritis and IM by histologic and histochemical stain. RESULTS: Chronic inflammation and IM were remarkably severe in men and Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) positivity was 69.4% in men and 65.2% in women. The frequency of IM was 50.1%, of which 65.4% was in men and 34.6% in women. The frequency of IM subtypes was 43.2%, 11.7% and 45.1% for type I, II and III respectively. Sixty percent of IM was noted in more than 50 years of age and ninety percent in more than 40 years of age. The frequency of type III IM was 61.6% in men and 38.4% in women. Sixty one percent of type III IM was noted in more than 50 years of age and ninety percent in more than 40 years of age. Interestingly, fifty three percent of type III IM was noted in men more than 40 years of age. The prevalence of H. pylori infection in type III IM was similar to in type I and II. The glandular atrophy in type III IM was remarkably severe than that in type I and II. Conclusions: The results of this study show that the proportion of type III IM in chronic gastiritis is remarkably high in Korean and age and sex distribution is similar to that of gastric carcinoma.
Atrophy ; Carcinogenesis ; Epithelium ; Female ; Gastritis* ; Helicobacter pylori ; Humans ; Inflammation ; Korea ; Male ; Metaplasia* ; Prevalence ; Sex Distribution

No abstract available.
Colorectal Surgery*

PURPOSE: The antibodies for minichromosome maintenance(MCM) proteins have been reported as potential proliferative markers and prognostic indicators in various human malignancies. The present study examined the expression pattern of MCM proteins in bladder carcinomas, and we also evaluated their prognostic significance as well as their potential applicability as proliferation markers. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Immunohistochemistry for MCM7 and Ki-67 was performed on paraffin sections from 47 cases of bladder carcinoma. The MCM7 and Ki-67 expressions were quantified and then analysis was carried out for determining the association between the expressions of MCM7 and Ki-67 and the clinicopathological parameters. RESULTS: A significant correlation existed between the expression rate of MCM7 and the histological grade(p<0.0001). The Ki-67 expression rate was significantly related to the tumor grade(p=0.002) and the pathological stage(p=0.011). On multivariate analysis, MCM7 was not found to be an independent prognostic factor for predicting the recurrence of bladder carcinoma. CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that MCM is a reliable proliferation marker, but not an independent predictive factor for recurrence of bladder carcinoma.
Antibodies ; Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Multivariate Analysis ; Paraffin ; Proteins ; Recurrence ; Urinary Bladder

Purpose: To compare efficacy of ultrasound (US)-guided single-injection nerve blocks (SINB) before bipolar hemiarthroplasty (BHA) of the hip in patients with femoral neck fractures. Materials and Methods: Clinical outcomes of 89 patients who underwent BHA between September 2016 and February 2018 were retrospectively compared. Eight patients were excluded according to exclusion criteria and the remaining patients were divided into two groups: patients who received SINB before surgery (Group I; n=40), and patients who did not (Group II; n=41). The femoral, obturator, and lateral femoral cutaneous nerves were each blocked separately under US guidance. Pain scores determined using the visual analogue scale (VAS) were recorded 6, 12, 24, and 48 hours postoperatively, and all use of analgesics were recorded separately for 72 hours after surgery. Duration of hospitalization, general complications, and local complications due to SINB were also compared among the groups. Results: Significant differences were observed between the two groups: I) VAS at 6 hours and at 12 hours after the operation, II) total amounts of analgesics used. VAS at 24 hours and at 48 hours were not significantly different between the two groups. General complications and duration of hospitalization were also not significantly different between the groups. Conclusion US-guided lower limb nerve blocks provide excellent immediate postoperative pain relief and can be used as a safe, and effective method of pain control after BHA.

PURPOSE: Nonunion of intra-articular fractures of calcaneus is rarely reported complication. We present our experiences with 4 patients (5 cases) treated operatively for nonunion after intra-articular fracture of calcaneus. MATERIALS AND METHODS:4 patients (5 cases) with nonunion of intra-articular fracture of calcaneus after operative treatment were followed for 4 years (from 2002 to 2006). For assessment, the American Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle-hindfoot score and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) were assessed for clinical outcome and the union of fracture site, the talocalcaneal height and the angle of talar declination were determined for radiologic outcome. RESULTS:The mean talocalcaneal height was 6.94 cm (range, 5.9~7.6 cm) preoperatively and 7.34 cm (range, 6.0~8.3 cm) at last follow-up. The mean angle of talar declination was 5.68 degrees (range, 4.6~8 degrees) preoperatively and 13.1 degrees (range, 5.7~21 degrees) at last follow-up. The mean preoperative AOFAS score and VAS were 20.4 (range, 14~36) and 4 (range, 3~6), respectively. At last follow-up, these scores improved to a mean of 59.6 (range, 54~68) and 3 (range, 2~4), respectively. Unions of previous nonunion site of intra-articular fracture of calcaneus were achieved in all 4 patients (5 cases). CONCLUSION: The reconstructive procedure for nonunion of intra-articular fracture of calcaneus showed good results in terms of bone union, radiologic results and functional improvement than preoperative state. Because the plantar pain for the inferior angular formation in nonunion site may happen, we will pay attention to reduction of fragment.
Animals ; Ankle ; Calcaneus ; Follow-Up Studies ; Foot ; Humans ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Orthopedics

BACKGROUND: Body fat distribution, rather than the level of obesity per se, appears to be a strong predictor of abnormalities in metabolic complication. Visceral fat accumulation is significantly correlated with glucose intolerance and constitutes as an independent risk factor for the diabetes mellitus. METHODS: We investigated the impact of body fat distribution on the glucose, lipid metabolism and growth hormone secretion in obese subjects with varying glucose tolerance and lean controls matched with sex and age. 69 obese Koreans (34 men, 35 women; 43.8 yrs) and 21 lean Koreans (10 men, 11 women; 40.8 yrs) were recruited. Anthropometric measurement and impedence for measurement of total body fat, and computed tomography for visceral and subcutaneous fat area at umbilicus level were performed. All subjects underwent a standard oral glucose tolerance test and GH stimulation test by L-dopa. RESULTS: The results are summarized as follows. 1. Obese patients had greater ideal body weight (%, IBW) and lean body mass (LBM) than lean controls. But no significant differences were found in IBW and LBM between 3 obese groups. 2. The 25 obese NIDDM had the highest FFA-AUC during OGTI and the lowest GH-AUC to L-Dopa stimulation test. The insulin-AUC during OGTT was the highest in 24 obese subjects with normal glucose tolerance. 3. All male groups have VSR of more than 0.4, which has been designated visceral fat obesity. In contrast all female groups have VSR of lesser than 0.4 but obese DM subjects have the highest VSR. Visceral fat area per body weight ratio(VWR) showed increasing tendency in obese, IGT, and DM group. 4. Waist circumference and VWR showed strong correlation with metabolic parameters among anthropometric parameters. They were positively correlated with FFA-AUC during OGTT and negatively correlated with GH-AUC to L-dopa stimulation. CONCLUSION: Visceral fat accumulation are associated with insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and impairment of growth hormone secretion via increase of free fatty acid. The simple waist circumference may provide a more practical indicator that correlated with aMominal fat distribution and metabolic complications associated with obesity.
Adipose Tissue* ; Body Fat Distribution ; Body Weight ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Dyslipidemias ; Female ; Glucose Intolerance ; Glucose Tolerance Test ; Glucose* ; Growth Hormone ; Humans ; Ideal Body Weight ; Insulin Resistance ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Levodopa ; Lipid Metabolism* ; Male ; Obesity* ; Risk Factors ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Umbilicus ; Waist Circumference