Xeroderma pigmentosum is characterized by sunlight sensitivit.y, autosomal recessive inheritance, and multiple cutaneous malignancies, usually basal and squamous cell carcinomas. In this work the effects of bleomycin and topical 5-fluorouracil on basal and squamous cell careinomas appearing in the patient of xeroderma pigmentosum were studied and followed up for two years. The material was a 50 year old female patient of xeroderma pigmentosum associated with basal and squamous cell carrinomas occuring in the exposed area, and its mixed tumor in the nose for thirty years. Duringfirst admission blecmycin was given intravenously in a dosage of 15 mg every other day or twice a week for basal cell carcinomas in the exposed area and mixed tumor in the nose. The total amount of bleomycin given was 315 mg. A year later another squamous cell carcinomas developed on the exposed area. She was treated with topical application of 5% 5-fluorouracil cream daily for 40 days during second admission. The results obtained are summarized as follows: l. The effect of bleomycin is more effective in the squamous cell carcinoma than in the basal cell carcinoma which recurred after 2 years. 2. Topical therapy of 5% 5-fluorouracil cream appeared almost complete effectiveness to the squamous cell carcinoma.
Bleomycin ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Female ; Fluorouracil ; Humans ; Ichthyosis* ; Middle Aged ; Nose ; Skin Neoplasms* ; Skin* ; Sunlight ; Wills ; Xeroderma Pigmentosum*

BACKGROUND: Even though excellent impression materials are now available for making accurate replication for hard and soft tissue, the numerous dentists have faced lots of obstacles in making simultaneous impressions of multiple abutments. CASE DESCRIPTION: This article describes a modified method of tray fabrication using auto-polymerizing acrylic resin and impression technique for multiple prepared teeth in cases with limitations and difficulties in taking dental impressions. CLINICAL IMPLICATION: This segmental tray technique has several advantages, including higher impression quality, fewer impressions, and being more comfortable for the patient and less stressful for the clinician.
Dentists ; Humans ; Tooth

Echocardiographic examination was performed before, immediately after, 4-6 months after and 10-12 months after mitral valve replacement(MVR) surgery in 46 patients with mitral valve disease(8 patients with mitral regurgitation, 24 patients with mitral stenosis and 14 patients with mitral stenosufficiency) to evaluate the effects of mitral valve replacement on dimension of left atrium and left ventricle, volume of left ventricle, ejection fraction(EF) and fractional shortening(FS) of left ventricle. The results are as follows : 1) The endsystolic dimension(ESD), enddiastolic dimension(EDD), endsystolic volume(ESV) and enddiastolic volume(EDV) decreased significantly after operation in patients with mitral stenoinsufficiency(MSR), the ESD, EDD, ESV and EDV increased significantly after the operation, but returned to preoperative value 10-12 months after the operation. 2) The EF and FS of left ventrcle after MVR were significantly lower than preoperative value throughout the postoperative period in patients with MR. However in patients with MS or MSR, there were no significant postoperative changes in EF and FS, except transient depression in the patients with MS at the immediate postoperative period. 3) In all patients with mitral valve disease, the left atrial dimension and the ratio of domension of left atrium to the dimension of aorta decreased significantly after MVR. From above results, it is suggested that surgery should be considered seriously for the patients with MR before the ESD, EDD and ESV increase maekedly, even if the EF anf FS are in normal range and the symptoms are not severe, to prevent irreversible depression of myocardial function. It seems that serial echocardiographic examination is very helpful in this respect.
Aorta ; Atrial Natriuretic Factor ; Depression ; Echocardiography* ; Heart Atria ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Mitral Valve Insufficiency ; Mitral Valve Stenosis ; Mitral Valve* ; Postoperative Period ; Reference Values

PURPOSE: Nocturnal enuresis is one of the most common disorders of childhood, occurring in 15% of 5 year-old children. Although usually self-limiting, justification for early treatment has been founded in psyc hological impact on the child. Many investigators have reported upon the effectiveness of prospectively studied to compare the therapeutic effect between imipramine (Tofranil) and desmopressin (Minirin/1-Desamino-8-D-Arginine Vasopressin: DDAVP) on the monosymptomatic enuretic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 83 enuretic patients (primary enuresis 64 cases, secondary enuresis 19 cases) were randomized th one of two groups: imipramine group(44 cases) or desmopressin group (39 cases). They were free of other abnormalities in the screening tests. In addition to drug therapy, all of cases were performed motivational counselling, reduction of fluid in take prior to bedtime and voiding diary. The efficacy of drug was measured in reduction of the number of wet nights per week. During the treatment period, 83 cases were classified as excellent (0 to 1 wet night per week), good (over 59% reduction of wet night)and failed responder(less than 50% reduction of wet night). RESULTS: Average age of imipramine group and desmopressin group was 9.3 years (range 5-17) and 9.6 years (range 5-17), respectively. The number of wet nights per week decreased respectively from a mean of 6.1 to 3.4 in imipramine group are from a mean of 6.4 to 2.3 in desmopressin group. Average therapeutic duration and overall response rate in the imipeamine group and desmopressin group was 9.1 weeks, 6.7 weeks (p<0.05) and 90.9%, 95.9%, respectively (p<0.05). The overall relapse rate of imipramine group and desmopressin group was 40.0% and 40.8% during the follow-up period of 3 months after cessation of medication in excellent responders. There was no difference in the therapeutic effects between primary and secondary enuresis on each drug therapy. There was also on no difference in the therapeutic response according to constipation. No serious side effects were observed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the overall effects of imipramine and desmopressin are excellent. But desmopressin has more effective therapeutic response and more shorter therapeutic duration as compared with imipramine.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Constipation ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin* ; Drug Therapy ; Enuresis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Imipramine* ; Mass Screening ; Nocturnal Enuresis ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Research Personnel ; Vasopressins

No abstract available.
Panniculitis, Peritoneal*

BACKGROUND: The proportion of patients with subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus(SCLE) is considered to be 10% among the total LE population in western countries. The morphology of LE-specific skin lesions in SCLE : appear as papulosquamous erythema or annular erythema developing mostly on the exposed areas. Among Korean patients with LE the prevalence and the pattern of cutaneous eruption of SCLE may be different from those patients of western countries. OBJECTIVE: To obtain the prevalence and the morphological characteristics of cutaneous lesions in Korean patients with SCI E v;ere the main objectives. METHODS: With 7 cases of SCLE, clinical dermatologic examinations for the character, the distribution, and the clinical course of those cutaneous lesions, and for the extent of systemic symptoms and LE-related laboratory abnormalities in each patient were performed. Results/Coeclusion. The prevalence of SCLE among Korean patients with LE or latent LE was much lower than those seen in Caucasians. The pattern of cutaneous lesions were papular/ papulosquamous erythemas with no (or rare) cases of annular erytherna among those patients diagnosed as SCLE. ~Other cl~inica! features were similar to Caucasian patients. It seems that there are some racial differences in the cutaneous manifestat.ions of LE, which may be relevant to the dissimilarities in immunogenetic backgrounds between different racial groups.
Erythema ; Humans ; Immunogenetics ; Lupus Erythematosus, Cutaneous* ; Prevalence ; Skin

A series of 250 patients with filariasis due to periodic type of Brugia malayi was selected for the mass treatment with diethylcarbamazine from two areas in Cheju-Do. Two types of dosage schedules have been employed: the one was the conventional dosage schedule (uninterrupted dose of 6 mg/kg once daily 6 times repeated with an interval of one or two month totaling 72 mg/kg), and the other was the low dosage schedule (uninterrupted dose of 0.5, 1, 2, 4, 6 mg/kg body weight given once a day with an additional 6 mg/kg once daily totaling the maximum 37.5 mg/kg). The relative effectiveness of those two schedules was evaluated under the basis of the effects on microfilaria counts and the results of analysis of side-reactions observed. The results obtained in this experiment are summarized as it follows. In the conventional dosage treatment, 118 out of 141 microfilaria positives treated (83.7%) became negative and microfilaria reduction rate was about 99%. However, in the low dosage treatment, 35 out of 43 positives treated (85.4%) became negative and reduction rate of microfilaria, 99.5% in average. Total dose and duration of treatment were 72 mg/kg and about 60 days in the former schedule but it were maximum 37.5 mg/kg and 10 days in the latter. The recurrence of filariasis after treatment in both conventional and low dosage was negligible. Comparative analyses regarding the resulting side-reactions between the two schedules were made on their frequency, severity, onset and duration and relationship with microfilaria density. The febrile reaction was most frequently observed in 80.5% in the conventional, 43.9% in the low dosage schedule. The main side-reactions usually appeared within 6 to 10 hours and lasted 48 to 72 hours in the former threament, however they occurred in 7 to 8 hours and lasted 24 to 43 hours in the latter dosage schedule. It is assumed that the side-reactions are not directly related with the microfilaria count. However, the febrile reaction seems to be correlated with microfilaria density if it is above a certain limit. The presence of adult worm in a lymphnode involved with local reaction was ascertained from the biopsy specimens performed and local reactions such as lymphangitis and lymphadenitis after drug administrations were assessed from clinical and pathological point of view. It was conclusively indicated that the chemotherapeutic response to low dosage schedule within shorter length of treatment was equal to that of larger doses in long term medication from the point of the reduction in microfilaria, and particularly the resulting side-reactions were also reduced in the low dosage schedule.
parasitology-helminth-nematoda-Bruigia malayi ; chemotherapy-diethylcarbamazine ; microfilaria ; diethylcarbamazine

Balancing the rates of cell proliferation and cell death is important in maintaining normal tissue homeostasis. The relationship among apoptosis, cell proliferation and factors influencing apoptosis according to the histologic types in chemically induced mammary tumorigenesis appears important in understanding the pathogenesis of breast carcinoma. In this study, we investigated alterations in the kinetics of cell proliferation and apoptosis during rat mammary tumorigenesis induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and we related these changes to the expressions of bcl-2, p53, and TGF-beta. Seven-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into an experimental group (20 mg/ml DMBA by oral intubation) and a control group. The results were as follows. 1. In the experimental group, breast tumors occurred in twenty two of fifty nine rats(37.3%, 22/59), and the total number of tumors was 100 (4.5 2.0/rat). The histological classification was infiltrating ductal carcinomas (n=5), ductal carcinomas with focal invasion (n=10), intraductal carcinomas (n=36), adenomas accompanied with intraductal proliferation (n=35), intraductal proliferation (n=9), and adenomas (n=5); 2. The differentiation of terminal end bud into alveolar bud (AB) in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.05); 3. BrdU labeled tumor cells were mainly located at the peripheral portion of tumor cell nests. BrdU labeling indices were highest in ductal carcinomas, less pronounced in intraductal proliferation, and lowest in adenomas, whereas apoptosis levels were highest in adenomas, less pronounced in intraductal proliferation, and lowest in ductal carcinomas (p<0.05); 4. p53 protein was not expressed in any breast tumors. Although the expression of bcl-2 protein was highest in infiltrating and focal infiltrative ductal carcinomas (58.3%), compared with adenomas, intraductal proliferation, and intraductal carcinomas (p<0.05), the extent of its expression was less than 1% of all tumor cells; 5. TGF-beta was mainly expressed in the central portion of tumor cell nests rather than in peripheral portion, and TGF-beta immunoreactive tumor cells displayed good differentiation and did not reveal BrdU immunoreactivity. TGF-beta labeling index of infiltrating and focal infiltrative ductal carcinomas was significantly higher than that of intraductal carcinomas, intraductal proliferation, and adenomas (p<0.05). Based on these results, it is thought that high cell proliferation and the suppression of apoptosis are closely associated with DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis. However, the suppression of apoptosis is not related to p53 mutation, bcl-2, and TGF-beta. TGF-beta seems to be reversely related to tumor cell proliferation but closely associated with the progression of the tumor, especially an invasion of breast carcinomas.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene ; Adenoma ; Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Breast Neoplasms ; Bromodeoxyuridine ; Carcinogenesis* ; Carcinoma, Ductal ; Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating ; Cell Death ; Cell Proliferation* ; Classification ; Female ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Kinetics ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Transforming Growth Factor beta

No Abstract Available.
HIV-1* ; Transcription Factors*

No abstract available.
Pneumothorax* ; Suction* ; Thoracostomy*