PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the width of symphysis pubis and its radiographic appearance in different age and sex, and it was aimed to establish a radiographic diagnosis criteria for diastasis of the joint. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The width and the appearance of symphysis pubis were observed by pelvic X-ray in 92 males and 169 females who had no history of any joint disease. The mean width of symphysis pubis was calculated and data were analyzed by age, sex and parity using student t-test. RESULTS: The mean width of symphysis pubis was 2.88+/-0.71 mm in male group and was 3.24+/-0.68 mm in female group. It was 3.34+/-0.84 mm in parturient and 2.82+/-0.55 mm in nullipara and the difference between these two groups was significant (P<0.05). Osteoarthritic changes were noted in most cases over 60 irrespective of sex. CONCLUSIONS: Based on the results from this study and reported value of physiological relaxation of symphysis pubis through pregnancy and labor, a separation over 6 mm and/or a vertical migration over 3mm can be diagnosed as diastasis of symphysis pubis. This criteria would facilitate the earlier diagnosis of relaxation and separation of this joint by labor or trauma.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Joint Diseases ; Joints ; Male ; Parity ; Pregnancy ; Radiography ; Relaxation

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in dentofacial morphology of non-orthodontically treated female patients with TMJ disk displacement. METHODS: The sample consisted of 25 Korean female patients with bilateral TMJ disk displacement who visited the Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital from 1996 to 2006. Disk displacements were diagnosed using the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both TMJs. Baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2) lateral cephalograms were analyzed. The mean age of samples at T1 was 18.1 +/- 3.5 years (range 14.2 - 25.8 years) and at T2, 21.1 +/- 3.5 years (range 16.2 - 28.0 years). The mean observation period was 3.0 +/- 1.9 years. Descriptive statistics for each variable were calculated at baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2) stages, and during the observation period (T2-T1). RESULTS: Skeletal changes were found in 64% of the non-orthodontically treated female patients with TMJ disk displacement during the observation period. The L1 to Mandibular plane distance (mm) increased significantly by 0.8 mm (p < 0.01). But there were no significant differences in the other dental relationship variables (overjet, overbite, U1 to palatal plane) during the observation period. Most patients with skeletal changes showed a backward rotation of the mandible. The ratio of the rotation was a decrease of SNB by 0.43degrees for every 1degrees increase of FMA (Spearman rho = -0.660, p < 0.01). A few patients showed a distal shift of the mandible without rotation or significant changes in the vertical dimension. CONCLUSIONS: During observation periods without orthodontic treatment, non-growing patients with TMJ disk displacement showed dentoskeletal changes, mainly backward rotation of the mandible.
Displacement (Psychology) ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mandible ; Orthodontics ; Overbite ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

No abstract available.
Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic*

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Primary intervention by stent implantation during acute myocardial infarction is a novel strategy to provide better myocardial perfusion compared to thrombolysis or baloon angioplasty. We aimed to assess the reperfusion achieved by primary stenting, employing TIMI frame count for more objective and quantitative measurement. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Measurements for number of frames required to opacify standardized angiographic landmark branch(TIMI frame count) were determined for the coronary arteries of 77 normal controls and 65 patients with acute myocardial infarction who underwent primary stenting within 12 hours of symptom onset. RESULTS: In normal subjects, TIMI frame count for left anterior descending artery(LAD) was 1.3 times of mean count of right coronary artery(RCA) and left circumflex artery(LCx), and significant less than that of TIMI study(22.3+/-4.9 vs 36.2+/-2.6, p<0.05). TIMI frame count for RCA and LCx was similar to results of TIMI study. In infarct related arteries(IRA), corrected TIMI frame count(CTFC) after primary stenting was similar to those of normal control. Frame counts of RCA was larger compared to that of normal control, but statistically insignificant(23.0+/-7.5 vs 17.6+/-3.5, p>0.05). There was no difference of CTFC of non-infarct related arteries between patients and normal controls. CONCLUSION: The TIMI frame count of LAD artery in normal Korean subjects was significantly less than that of American counterpart. In patients with acute myocardial infarction, primary stenting appeared to provide improved coronary flow similar to that observed in normal subjects, as measured by TIMI frame counting.
Angioplasty ; Arteries ; Coronary Vessels ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Perfusion ; Reperfusion ; Stents*

No abstract available.
Actinomycosis* ; Lung*

No abstract available.
Lymphangioleiomyomatosis*

Ovarian carcinoma is a serious disease in women. Some reports revealed all-trans-retinoic acid (tRA) inhibited the proliferation of ovarian carcinoma cell lines and induced apoptosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the anticancer and apoptotic effects of tRA and the expression of the retinoic acid receptor (RAR) alpha, beta, gamma, p53, bcl-2, and c-myc genes on the ovarian carcinoma cell lines, NIH OVCAR3 and SKOV3. In both cell lines, the proliferation of tumor cells was inhibited and characteristic morphologic patterns of apoptosis were shown after treatment of tRA. The number of apoptotic cells and the percentage of apoptosis were increased after treatment of tRA. The gel electrophoresis revealed the DNA ladder pattern in the NIH OVCAR3. Gene expressions were observed using northern blotting. There was no RARalpha expression in both cell lines. In NIH OVCAR3, there was no changes in the expression of RARbeta and bcl-2 gene. The RARgamma gene expression of tRA treated group was slightly increased, but p53 gene expression was decreased, and c-myc gene was not expressed. In SKOV3, the expressions of RARbeta, gamma, and p53 genes were increased and that of bcl-2 was decreased in the tRA treated group. There was no change in c-myc gene expression. These results suggest tRA has anticancer and apoptotic effect on both ovarian carcinoma cell lines. RARbeta, RARgamma, bcl-2, and p53 gene expressions were correlated with these effects of tRA on SKOV3 but not on NIH OVCAR3.
Apoptosis* ; Blotting, Northern ; Cell Line* ; DNA ; Electrophoresis ; Female ; Gene Expression ; Genes, bcl-2 ; Genes, myc ; Genes, p53 ; Humans* ; Receptors, Retinoic Acid ; Tretinoin*

Tibial Plateau fracture is relatively common injury which often produce major disability, and their treatment has been in controversy. Recent studies suggest that early knee motion and perhaps better surgical techniques have improved clinical end results. Protection from weight bearing and length of immobilization have varied among authors and variable treatment methods. Thirty-eight tibial plateau fractures treated at Kangnam Sacred Heart Hospital from March in 1984 to December in 1988 were analized and the followings were obtained. l. Of 38 patients, 29 patients were male and 9 female. 2. The most common associated injury was an ipsilateral fibular fracture. 3. Average duration of immobilization was 4 to 6 weeks in conservative treatment and 2 to 4 weeks in operative treatment. 4. We started partial weight bearing in 24 patients within 6 weeks and full weight bearing in 28 patients between 8 and 12 weeks, and good end results were obtained.
Clinical Study ; Female ; Heart ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Knee ; Male ; Weight-Bearing

A tumor of the neuromyoarterial apparatus, the glomus, was described by Masson : the epitheloid cell of glomus was derived from the pericyte of Ziemmermann and these cells were widely distributed in the body. From Jan. 1987 to Oct. 1993, six patients (male 1, female 5), who were diagnosed as a glomus tumor in the hand were operated. The lesions were distributed in the distal phalanges of thumb (3 cases), index (1 case), ring finger (1 case) and little finger (1 case). The average duration of clinical manifestation was 6.3 year. Nail extraction was performed because of pain in 2 cases, but symptom was not improved. The clinial symptoms were severe lancinating pain, tenderness and cold induced pain in all 6 cases, palpable mass in 2 cases, bluish purple discoloration of skin in 4 cases, subcutaneous hemorrhage in 1 case, swelling in 2 case. On the reontgenography, bone changes were detected in 2 cases, soft tissue change was detected in 1 case and 3 cases showed unremarkable findings. The treatments were simple excision in 5 cases,curettage and bone graft in 1 case and symptoms were improved in the 6 case with the remnant mild pain and there was no recurrence. The aim of this study was to report the rare cases of glomus tumor in the hand.
Female ; Fingers ; Glomus Tumor ; Hand ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Pericytes ; Recurrence ; Skin ; Thumb ; Transplants

We reviewed 7 cases of congenital mesoblastic nephroma (4 cases of classical mesoblastic nephroma (CMN) and 3 cases of atypical mesoblastic nephroma (AMN)) using immuno-histochemical and flow cytometric study. Results are as follows. 1) The mean tumor size was 5 (3 to 7cm)cm in CMN and 9 (7 to 10cm)cm in AMN. The AMN revealed hemorrhage and necrosis in two Of three cases. A case of AMN showed cystic change without hemorrhage and necrosis. Mitotic count ranged in 0~4/10HPF in CMN and 20-35/10HPF in AMN. 2) Immunohistochemistry for vimentin was all positive. Actin, desmin were weakly positive in CMN, but negative in AMN. The findings were consistent with myofibroblastic differentiation in CMN and AMN was considered to be the less differentiated form of CMN. 3) Flow cytometiic analysis showed diploidy in two of two CMNs and two of three AMNs. Only one AMN showed aneuploidy with DNA index of 1.41. %SG2M were 8.1 and 15.9 (mean 12.0) in CMN and 16.9, 32.9 and 19.3 (mean 22.9) in AMN, respectively. We concluded that AMN should be distinguished from CMN, clinicopathologically.