No abstract available.
Colorectal Neoplasms*

PURPOSE: Achieving good eyelid position and symmetric palpebral fissure for asymmetric bialteral congenital ptosis would require skillful technique and a lot of experiences of surgeon. Patients were divided into two groups, A and B, in terms of preoperative MRD and the possible relationship between preoperative MRD difference. The outcome of the surgery was studied. METHODS: External levator resection with apponeurotic approach was performed for 19 patients with asymmetric bilateral congenital ptosis from October 1994 to June 2000. According to differences of MRD between the both eyes, patients were divided into two groups. Group A included 8 patients with 1.0~2.0 mm of MRD differences, and group B included 11 patients with more than 2.0 mm of MRD differences. RESULTS: Age of patients ranged from 3 to 20 years (mean 6.1 years) and follow-up period was 9 to 60 months (mean 20 months). Six patients of group A and seven patients of group B showed almost excellent symmetric palpebral fissure. Only one patient of group B had postoperative MRD difference more than 2.0 mm, and none in group A. CONCLUSIONS: Success rate was 100% in group A and 91% in group B, but no statistical difference was found between group A and group B (p>0.05).
Eyelids ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans

The authors reviewed 104 cases(51 men and 53 women) of the orbital tumors diagnosed hitopathologically at the Department of Ophthalmology, Yeungnam University Hospital from March 1984 to April 1996. Age istribution of the orbital tumors was reviewed. Eighty-four cases of benign tumors were found evenly distributed in all decades, but twenty cases of malignant tumors were mainly distributed in 1st, 6th, and 7th decades. The frequency of benign orbital tumors was in the following order; dermolipoma(19%, 20 cases), dermoid cyst(13.5%, 14 cases), mucocele(7.7%, 8 cases), lipoma(6.7%, 7 cases) and pleomorphic adenoma (5.8%, 6 cases). Of malignant orbital tumors, the frequency was in the following order; retinoblastoma (3 cases), malignant melanoma (2 cases), sebaceous carcinoma(2 cases), and maxillary sinus carcinoma (2 cases). Malignant orbital tumors of eight expired cases were revealed as secondary or metastatic orbital tumors.
Adenoma, Pleomorphic ; Classification* ; Dermoid Cyst ; Humans ; Male ; Maxillary Sinus ; Melanoma ; Ophthalmology ; Orbit* ; Retinoblastoma

Clinical and statistical observation was made on outpatient inpatients and operations in Urology Department of the Capital Army Hospital during the period from Jan., 1962 to Dec. 1963 and the results (1) Clinical statistics on outpatients. 1) Total outpatient were 2213 cases, 2179 males and U females, and the male to female ratio was 64.1:1. 2) The number of outpatient increased in winter and decreased in summer. 3) According to age distribution, the majority of the patients (96.2%) where between 21 and 40 years of age. 4) The most common diseases were urethritis (35.7%) showing annual increase, while redundant prepuce, urolithiasis, injury of genito-urinary tract, nonspecific epididymitis and hydrocele, showing annual decrease. 5) Renal tuberculosis showed annual decrease and tuberculous epididymitis, annual increase. (II) Clinical statistics on inpatients. 1) The inpatients during 2 years were 241 cases which comprised10.9% of total outpatients. The male inpatients stood for 11% of total outpatient and the female inpatients, 5.9%. 2) The most common disease were renal tuberculosis, hydrocele, non-specific epididymitis, stones of kidney and ureter, tuberculous epididymitis, urethral rupture and scrotal hematoma. (III) Clinical statistics on operations. The number of total operations were 640 during 2 years. Circumcision comprised 34.0% of total operations, vasectomy, 30.6% Nephrectomy, 6.1% ; epididymectomy, 6.1%, hydrocelectomy, 4.1% and plastic surgery of urethra, 2.3%. One case of Bricker's operation was performed.
Age Distribution ; Circumcision, Male ; Epididymitis ; Female ; Hematoma ; Hospitals, Military* ; Humans ; Inpatients* ; Kidney ; Korea* ; Male ; Nephrectomy ; Outpatients* ; Rupture ; Seoul* ; Surgery, Plastic ; Tuberculosis, Renal ; Ureter ; Urethra ; Urethritis ; Urolithiasis ; Urology* ; Vasectomy

Of the many potential source of free radial generation, the enzyme xanthine oxidase has been shown to be important in ischemia in non-cerebral tissues. Oxygen-derived free radicals have been implicated in various pathological conditions including ischemia. Xanthine oxidase serve as a source of oxidizing agents such as superoxide radical and hydrogen peroxide. It is investigated that the effect of a specific xanthine oxidase inhibitor, allopurinol, on infarct size in a model of continuous partial cerebral ischemia in rats. Infarct volume was measured by triphenyl tetrazolium chloride staining of brains removed 24 hours after middle cerebral arterial occlusion. Cortical tissue was more effectively protected than basal tissue, especially in allopurinol pretreated group. On histological examinations, hemispheric swelling, PMN cell infiltration and endothelial damage were noted irrespective of allopurinol treatment. It was speculated that free radicals are important in infarction secondary to partial continuous cerebral ischemia and that xanthine oxidase may by the primary source of these radicals.
Allopurinol* ; Animals ; Brain Infarction* ; Brain Ischemia ; Brain* ; Free Radicals ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Infarction ; Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Ischemia ; Middle Cerebral Artery* ; Oxidants ; Rats ; Superoxides ; Xanthine Oxidase

PURPOSE: To describe the sonographic findings of nasal bone fracture and evaluate the diagnostic value of sonography (US). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty-six patients with sustained nasal trauma underwent plain radiography, US and CT, and the CT findings were used as the gold standard. The sonographic findings were retrospectively reviewed and compared with those of radiography and CT. Twelve patients underwent follow-up US within 3 months of reduction. RESULTS: Sonographic findings of nasal bone fractures were irregularity (n=7), discontinuity (n=25) and dis-placement with discontinuity (n=28) of the thin smooth echogenic line formed by the ventral cortex of the nasal bone. Sixty-five nasal bone fractures (36 patients) were identified by CT; 60 of these were revealed on US but only 41 by plain radiographs. CT demonstrated unilateral involvement of nasal bone fractures in seven bones and bilateral involvement in 58, while US revealed unilateral involvement in 12 and bilateral involvement in 48. Plain radiographs, unilat-eral involvement in 21 bones and bilateral fractures in 20. Plain radiographs were more limited in detecting the location of nasal bone fractures than was US. On follow-up US in 12 patients, normal alignment without residual abnormality was observed in seven patients, residual cortical irregularities in four, and minimal cortical depression in one. CONCLUSION: The sonographic findings of nasal bone fractures were similar to those of CT in detecting the location and degree of depression or displacement of nasal bone fractures. We believe that US is very useful for the evaluation of such fractures, especially in cases in which plain radiographs reveal equivocal abnormality, or postreduction status is uncertain.
Depression ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Nasal Bone* ; Radiography ; Retrospective Studies ; Ultrasonography*

We investigated the fibrovascular ingrowth and fibrovascular tissue maturation of hydroxyapatite-coated, porous alumina sphere (Alumina sphere) in comparison with the hydroxyapatite sphere (HAp sphere) in rabbits. Alumina spheres and HAp spheres were implanted in the left orbits of 42 New Zealand white rabbits after enucleation. Fibrovascular ingrowth and maturation were graded from 1 to 5 at postoperative 1, 2, 3, 4, 8, 12 and 24 weeks. We defined 4 phases: postoperative 1-2 weeks as phase I, 3-4 weeks as phase II, 8-12 weeks as phase III, and 24 weeks as phase IV. The grade was analyzed at each phases. There was no significant difference in fibrovascular ingrowth and maturation between the two groups at all 4 phases, except phase II at which the Alumina sphere showed significantly lower maturation grade (p< 0.05). We concluded that the Alumina sphere is an ideal orbital implant material and an ideal substitute for the HAp sphere in clinical practice.
*Aluminum Oxide ; Animals ; *Coated Materials, Biocompatible ; *Durapatite ; Eye Enucleation ; Female ; Fibroblasts/cytology/physiology ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Neovascularization, Physiologic/*physiology ; *Orbital Implants ; Prosthesis Implantation ; Rabbits ; Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

We report a series of 19 consecutive patients with post-traumatic cerebral infarction. Post-traumatic cerebral infarction(PTCI) was diagnosed by CT within 24 hours of admission in 6 cases and up to 14 days after admission in 13 cases of 1092 patients who required cranial CT for trauma during the period. The frequency, vaascular territories, cause, and mortality rate of post traumatic cerebral infarction were discussed.
Cerebral Infarction* ; Humans ; Mortality

PURPOSE: To evaluate the effect of mitomycin-C (MMC) on osteotomy site as an adjunctive therapy for dacryocystorhinostomy, the effect of MMC on cultured human osteoblasts was tested. METHODS: Cultured osteoblasts which was obtained from the human iliac crest, were treated with four different concentrations of MMC (0 mg/ml, 0.2 mg/ml, 0.02 mg/ml, 0.002 mg/ml) and cultured for 24hours. To observe the effect of exposed time dependency, cells were treated with MMC during 5, 30minutes, and 24hours and washed and changed with fresh osteogenic media, and then cultured for 24 hours. The effect of fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and transforming growth factor-beta(TGF-beta) on the MMC-treated cells was evaluated. Cell viability was measured using trypan blue staining method and MTT assay. RESULTS: As compared with control group, the lowest growth rate of osteoblasts was 6.8% in 0.2 mg/ml MMC-treated cells. There were no significant differences in the growth rate between 5 minutes and 30 minutes MMC treatment groups, but in case of 24 hours treatment group with MMC (0.2 mg/ml) the growth rate was suppressed to 77.5% of control group with statistical significance. Both growth factors had promotive effect on the growth of in 0.02 mg/ml MMC-treated osteoblasts, but not in 0.2 mg/ml MMC-treated cells. CONCLUSIONS: Osteoblasts which were treated for longer time and with higher concentration of MMC showed more suppression in growth rate. These results suggest that intraoperative application of MMC during dacryocystirhinostomy could have a positive effect of mucosal ostium with suppression of osteoblasts proliferation.
Cell Survival ; Dacryocystorhinostomy ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; Humans* ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins ; Mitomycin* ; Osteoblasts* ; Osteotomy ; Trypan Blue

In a small island community with a population of less than 100 residents, nine persons died and five experienced severe illness during the period from November 1986 to May 1988. Their initial symptoms were sore throat and fever. Renal failure and hepatitis developed which one week after the onset. Oral mucosal ulcer developed in some cases. After one week, progressive respiratory failure and dyspnea developed evidently and severe respiratory distress and hypoxia preceded those fatal cases. Chest X-ray findings revealed bilateral diffuse multiple cystic lesion with occasional multiple large emphysematous bullae. Based on these features paraquat poisoning was diagnosed and route of poisoning was investigated. In three sources of drinking water, trace amount of paraquat was detected in November 1988, six months after the incidence of recent fatal case. In November 1988, soybean sauces and soybean pastes from 12 households were found contaminated with high concentration of paraquat, the cause of this mass poisoning has been suggested.
Anoxia ; Drinking Water ; Dyspnea ; Eating ; Family Characteristics ; Fever ; Hepatitis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Ointments ; Paraquat* ; Pharyngitis ; Poisoning* ; Renal Insufficiency ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Soybeans ; Thorax ; Ulcer