2.Anti-Melanogenic Effect from Submerged Mycelial Cultures of Ganoderma weberianum
Ying Jang LAI ; Kai Di HSU ; Tzu Jung HUANG ; Chang Wei HSIEH ; Yu Hin CHAN ; Kuan Chen CHENG
Mycobiology 2019;47(1):112-119
Compounds from Lingzhi has been demonstrated the ability for inhibiting tyrosinase (a key enzyme in melanogenesis) activity. In this study, we investigated the anti-melanogenic activity from the submerged mycelial culture of Ganoderma weberianum and elucidated the skin lightening mechanism by B16-F10 murine melanoma cells. From the cellular context, several fractionated mycelium samples exhibited anti-melanogenic activity by reducing more than 40% extracellular melanin content of B16-F10 melanoma cells. In particular, the fractionated chloroform extract (CF-F3) inhibited both secreted and intracellular melanin with the lowest dosage (25 ppm). Further analysis demonstrated that CF-F3 inhibited cellular tyrosinase activity without altering its protein expression. Taken together, our study has demonstrated that the chemical extracts from submerged mycelial culture of G. weberianum have the potential to serve as an alternative anti-melanogenic agent.
Chloroform
;
Ganoderma
;
Melanins
;
Melanoma
;
Monophenol Monooxygenase
;
Mycelium
;
Reishi
;
Skin
3.Relationship among Alcohol Consumption, Facial Flushing Response and Dyslipidemia in Male.
Kyu Pill KIM ; Jong Sung KIM ; Sung Soo KIM ; Jin Kyu JUNG ; Seok Joon YOON ; Chang Jung WEI
Korean Journal of Health Promotion 2016;16(3):153-161
BACKGROUND: Facial flushing response to drinking is observed in East Asians with deficient activity of the variant aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 genotype. This study examined the role of flushing response in the relationship between alcohol consumption and dyslipidemia. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 1,443 Korean men, including 261 non-drinkers, 470 flushers and 712 non-flushers. Based on a questionnaire, weekly alcohol consumption was assessed and categorized into 4 groups. Dyslipidemia was defined by the National Cholesterol Education Program-Adult Treatment Panel III criteria. After adjusting for confounding factors, we evaluated the relationship between weekly alcoholic drinks and dyslipidemia in flushers and non-flushers by comparing with non-drinkers, using a multi-variable logistic regression analysis. RESULTS: Non-flushers had a significant relationship between hypertriglyceridemia and alcohol consumption in two groups (4-8 drinks: adjusted odds ratio [aOR] 1.937, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.029-3.644; ≥16 drinks: aOR 2.118, 95% CI 1.272-3.527) in contrast to flushers, who showed no significant relationship between hypertriglyceridemia and alcohol consumption. Non-flushers had a significant relationship to low serum high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels in four groups (<4 drinks: aOR 0.428, 95% CI 0.277-0.662; 4-8 drinks: aOR 0.409, 95% CI 0.216-0.774; 8-16 drinks: aOR 0.285, 95% CI 0.152-0.536; ≥16 drinks: aOR 0.343, 95% CI 0.207-0.568), and flushers had a significant relationship in two groups (8-16 drinks: aOR 0.234, 95% CI 0.102-0.536; ≥16 drinks: aOR 0.342, 95% CI 0.166-0.705). CONCLUSIONS: Our results suggest that drinking alcohol increases the risk of hypertriglyceridemia in non-flushers and the risk of low HDL cholesterol flushers.
Alcohol Drinking*
;
Alcoholics
;
Aldehyde Dehydrogenase
;
Asian Continental Ancestry Group
;
Cholesterol
;
Cholesterol, HDL
;
Cross-Sectional Studies
;
Drinking
;
Dyslipidemias*
;
Education
;
Flushing*
;
Genotype
;
Humans
;
Hypertriglyceridemia
;
Lipoproteins
;
Logistic Models
;
Male*
;
Odds Ratio
;
Triglycerides
5.Validity of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Korean Revised Version for Screening Alcohol Use Disorder according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition Criteria.
Jung Wei CHANG ; Jong Sung KIM ; Jin Gyu JUNG ; Sung Soo KIM ; Seok Joon YOON ; Hak Sun JANG
Korean Journal of Family Medicine 2016;37(6):323-328
BACKGROUND: The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) has been widely used to identify alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study evaluated the validity of the AUDIT-Korean revised version (AUDIT-KR) for screening AUD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) criteria. METHODS: This research was conducted with 443 subjects who visited the Chungnam National University Hospital for a comprehensive medical examination. All subjects completed the demographic questionnaire and AUDIT-KR without assistance. Subjects were divided into two groups according to DSM-5 criteria: an AUD group, which included patients that fit the criteria for AUD (120 males and 21 females), and a non-AUD group, which included 146 males and 156 females that did not meet AUD criteria. The appropriate cut-off values, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the AUDIT-KR were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean±standard deviation AUDIT-KR scores were 10.32±7.48 points in males and 3.23±4.42 points in females. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% confidence interval, CI) of the AUDIT-KR for identifying AUD was 0.884 (0.840–0.920) in males and 0.962 (0.923–0.985) in females. The optimal cut-off value of the AUDIT-KR was 10 points for males (sensitivity, 81.90%; specificity, 81.33%; positive predictive value, 77.2%; negative predictive value, 85.3%) and 5 points for females (sensitivity, 100.00%; specificity, 88.54%; positive predictive value, 52.6%; negative predictive value, 100.0%). CONCLUSION: The AUDIT-KR has high reliability and validity for identifying AUD according to DSM-5 criteria.
Alcohol Drinking
;
Chungcheongnam-do
;
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders*
;
Drinking
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Mass Screening*
;
Reproducibility of Results
;
ROC Curve
;
Sensitivity and Specificity
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
6.Validity of Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test-Korean Revised Version for Screening Alcohol Use Disorder according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Fifth Edition Criteria.
Jung Wei CHANG ; Jong Sung KIM ; Jin Gyu JUNG ; Sung Soo KIM ; Seok Joon YOON ; Hak Sun JANG
Korean Journal of Family Medicine 2016;37(6):323-328
BACKGROUND: The Alcohol Use Disorder Identification Test (AUDIT) has been widely used to identify alcohol use disorder (AUD). This study evaluated the validity of the AUDIT-Korean revised version (AUDIT-KR) for screening AUD according to Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5) criteria. METHODS: This research was conducted with 443 subjects who visited the Chungnam National University Hospital for a comprehensive medical examination. All subjects completed the demographic questionnaire and AUDIT-KR without assistance. Subjects were divided into two groups according to DSM-5 criteria: an AUD group, which included patients that fit the criteria for AUD (120 males and 21 females), and a non-AUD group, which included 146 males and 156 females that did not meet AUD criteria. The appropriate cut-off values, sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the AUDIT-KR were evaluated. RESULTS: The mean±standard deviation AUDIT-KR scores were 10.32±7.48 points in males and 3.23±4.42 points in females. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% confidence interval, CI) of the AUDIT-KR for identifying AUD was 0.884 (0.840–0.920) in males and 0.962 (0.923–0.985) in females. The optimal cut-off value of the AUDIT-KR was 10 points for males (sensitivity, 81.90%; specificity, 81.33%; positive predictive value, 77.2%; negative predictive value, 85.3%) and 5 points for females (sensitivity, 100.00%; specificity, 88.54%; positive predictive value, 52.6%; negative predictive value, 100.0%). CONCLUSION: The AUDIT-KR has high reliability and validity for identifying AUD according to DSM-5 criteria.
Alcohol Drinking
;
Chungcheongnam-do
;
Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders*
;
Drinking
;
Female
;
Humans
;
Male
;
Mass Screening*
;
Reproducibility of Results
;
ROC Curve
;
Sensitivity and Specificity
;
Surveys and Questionnaires
7.Maintenance of pegylated liposomal doxorubicin/carboplatin in patients with advanced ovarian cancer: randomized study of an Asian Gynecologic Oncology Group
Chyong-Huey LAI ; Elizabeth VALLIKAD ; Hao LIN ; Lan-Yan YANG ; Shih-Ming JUNG ; Hsueh-Erh LIU ; Yu-Che OU ; Hung-Hsueh CHOU ; Cheng-Tao LIN ; Huei-Jean HUANG ; Kuan-Gen HUANG ; Jiantai QIU ; Yao-Ching HUNG ; Tzu-I WU ; Wei-Yang CHANG ; Kien-Thiam TAN ; Chiao-Yun LIN ; Angel CHAO ; Chee-Jen CHANG
Journal of Gynecologic Oncology 2020;31(1):e5-
Objectives:
An Asian Gynecologic Oncology Group phase III randomized trial was conducted to determine whether maintenance chemotherapy could improve progression-free survival (PFS) in stages III/IV ovarian cancer.
Methods:
Between 2007 and 2014, 45 newly-diagnosed ovarian cancer patients were enrolled after complete remission and randomized (1:1) to arm A (4-weekly carboplatin area under the curve 4 and pegylated liposomal doxorubicin [PLD] 30 mg/m2, n=24) for 6 cycles or arm B (observation, n=21). The primary end-point was PFS. A post hoc translational study was conducted to deep sequence BRCA/homologous recombination deficiency (HRD) genes, because BRCA/HRD mutations (BRCA/HRDm) are known to be associated with better prognosis.
Results:
Enrollment was slow, accrual was closed when 7+ years had passed. With a medianfollow-up of 88.9 months, the median PFS was significantly better in arm A (55.5 months) than arm B (9.2 months) (hazard ratio [HR]=0.40; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.19–0.87; p=0.020), yet the median overall survival was not significantly different in arm A (not reached) than arm B (95.1 months) (p=0.148). Overall grade 3/4 adverse events were more frequent in arm A than arm B (60.9% vs 0.0%) (p<0.001). Quality of life was generally not significantly different. Distribution of BRCA1/2m or BRCA/HRDm was not significantly biased between the two arms. Wild-type BRCAon-HRD subgroup seemed to fare better with maintenance therapy (HR=0.35; 95% CI=0.11–1.18; p=0.091).
Conclusions
Despite limitations in small sample size, it suggests that maintenance carboplatin-PLD chemotherapy could improve PFS in advanced ovarian cancer.
8.Predictability of Complete Blood Count Parameters for Heavy Drinking according to the Facial Flushing.
Hyun Chul JOUNG ; Hyun Ju YANG ; Jong Sung KIM ; Sung Soo KIM ; Seok Joon YOON ; Jung Wei CHANG
Korean Journal of Health Promotion 2016;16(2):84-91
BACKGROUND: Alcohol is personal and social problem around the world. Though binge drinking is associated with the elevation of arbohydrate deficient trasnferrin and r-glutamyl transpeptidase, studies of the relationship between heavy drinking and other biological markers are rare. The purpose of this study is to investigate the association between heavy drinking and CBC figures through flushing and non flushing using both NIAAA and Korean guidelines. METHODS: The subjects were 581 Korean adult males: who had undergone a comprehensive medical evaluation at Chungnam National University Hospital between June and December of 2013. 98 of total were non-drinkers, 225 of them flushers, and the rest 258 of them were non-flushers. One standard drink is defined as any drink that contains 14 grams of alcohol. Criteria for immoderate drinking was applied to greater than 14 glasses/week and more than 8 glasses on any day for a non-flush group with reference to the United States' guideline (National Institute in Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, NIAAA) and South Korean guideline, and it was also applied to greater than seven glasses/week, and more than four glasses on any day for a flushing group. It was to investigate whether immoderate drinking would be predictable according to increased mean corpuscular volume (MCV), decreased hemoglobin (Hb), and decreased platelet (PLT). Our investigation was to find the correlation with the increased MCV, decreased Hb, and decreased PLT as a means of predictions for immoderate drinking. The study was to examine the CBC's predictability of immoderate drinking through a combination of increased MCV, decreased Hb, or decreased PLT. If one of these three items were abnormal: group A, if two of the three items were abnormal: group B. RESULTS: Predictability of group A was 23.1% in flushing drinkers and 21.7% in non-flushing drinkers for US NIAAA immoderate drinking, whereas 30.8% in flushing drinkers and 30.4% in non-flushing drinkers considering Korean guideline immoderate drinking. Predictability of B group was 100% in flushing and non-flushing drinkers for both NIAAA guidelines and Korean guidelines. CONCLUSIONS: It is desirable for physicians to use any combination of the three CBC indicators (increased MCV, decreased Hb, or decreased PLT) for predicting immoderate drinking.
Adult
;
Alcoholism
;
Binge Drinking
;
Biomarkers
;
Blood Cell Count*
;
Blood Platelets
;
Chungcheongnam-do
;
Drinking*
;
Erythrocyte Indices
;
Eyeglasses
;
Flushing*
;
Glass
;
Humans
;
Male
;
National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (U.S.)
;
Social Problems
9.Aplastic anemia associated with dyskeratosis congenita treated with antilymphocyte globulin and cyclosporine: a case report.
Hsiu-Mei HUANG ; Wen-Liang YU ; Yu-Lun HUANG ; Wei-Shiou HWANG ; Chao-Jung TSAO ; Hsiao-Sheng LIU ; Guan-Cheng HUANG
Chinese Medical Journal 2005;118(9):790-792
Adult
;
Anemia, Aplastic
;
drug therapy
;
Antilymphocyte Serum
;
administration & dosage
;
Bone Marrow Transplantation
;
Cyclosporins
;
administration & dosage
;
Drug Therapy, Combination
;
Dyskeratosis Congenita
;
complications
;
Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation
;
Humans
;
Immunosuppressive Agents
;
administration & dosage
;
Male
10.Novel and Advanced Ultrasound Techniques for Thyroid Thermal Ablation
Wai-Kin CHAN ; Jui-Hung SUN ; Miaw-Jene LIOU ; Chia-Jung HSU ; Yu-Ling LU ; Wei-Yu CHOU ; Yan-Rong LI ; Feng-Hsuan LIU
Endocrinology and Metabolism 2024;39(1):40-46
Thyroid radiofrequency ablation and microwave ablation are widely adopted minimally invasive treatments for diverse thyroid conditions worldwide. Fundamental skills such as the trans-isthmic approach and the moving shot technique are crucial for performing thyroid ablation, and advanced techniques, including hydrodissection and vascular ablation, improve safety and efficacy and reduce complications. Given the learning curve associated with ultrasound-guided therapeutic procedures, operators need training and experience. While training models exist, limited attention has been given to ultrasound maneuvers in ablation needle manipulation. This article introduces two essential maneuvers, the zigzag moving technique and the alienate maneuver, while also reviewing the latest ultrasound techniques in thyroid ablation, contributing valuable insights into this evolving field.