PURPOSE: This study has tried to find out the effects of music therapy on anxiety of surgery patients during operation under regional anesthesia. In order to find out the effects, this research design was used nonequivalent control group non-synchronized design. METHOD: The subjects were the sixty inpatients under regional anesthesia in K hospital. They were assigned to two groups, thirty to the experimental group and thirty to control group. The data were collected using the Visual Analogue Scale(VAS) for State Anxiety and vital sign. The Experimental group received favorite music of the 4 different genre. The control group were inserted ear plug during operation. Data were analyzed by chi-square-test, T-test, ANOVA and Repeated Measured ANOVA of the SPSS WIN (12.0) version program. RESULTS: 1) Hypothesis 1: The hypothesis "that the figure for state anxiety of the experimental group provided with music therapy would be lower than that of the control group" was confirmed(F=0.27, P=0.01). 2) Hypothesis 2 : Three subordinating hypotheses were established in order to verify the hypothesis "that the figures for vital sings of the experimental group provided with such as music therapy would be lower than those of the control group." were rejected. CONCLUSION: Music therapy can be regarded as an effective nursing intervention that relieves operative anxiety of surgical patients under regional anesthesia.
Anesthesia, Conduction ; Anxiety* ; Ear ; Humans ; Inpatients ; Music Therapy* ; Music* ; Nursing ; Research Design ; Vital Signs*

PURPOSE: To report a case of cryptococcal chorioretinitis in the renal transplant patient. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A 31-year old male patient was admitted with visual disturbance, high fever and general weakness. On initial evaluation, visual acuity was 0.9 in the right eye and 0.3 in the left. On fundus exam, right eye showed the lesions which were expanded into posterior pole and equator and left eye showed several yellow white lesions which were larger than optic disc, and some of them were near the fovea. RESULT: Cryptococcus grew in CSF. The ocular diagnosis was cryptococcal chorioretinitis and intra-venous amphotericin B and oral flucytosine were given. In spite of 2-month treatment, the visual acuity of left eye was 0.04 due to the expansion of the lesion toward fovea. The patient refused the treatment after 4 months of treament, and he expired 1 month later.
Adult ; Amphotericin B ; Chorioretinitis* ; Cryptococcus ; Diagnosis ; Fever ; Flucytosine ; Humans ; Male ; Visual Acuity

PURPOSE: To evaluate of the role in carcinogenesis of p53 over-expression and bcl-2 inhibition in early gastric and advanced gastric cancers, we investigated the immunohistochemical tissue status of 31 primary early gastric-cancer patients and 31 primary advanced gastric-cancer patients. METHODS: DO7, the monoclonal antiserum to the P53 protein, and clone 124, the monoclonal antibody to the bcl-2 protein, were used for the immunohistochemical analysis of the 31 surgically resected primary early gastric cancer specimens and the 31 surgically resected advanced gastric-cancer specimens. The expressions were scored and divided into negative, positive, low expression, and overexpression. RESULTS: The clinicopathologic parameter; tumor depth of invasion, histologic type, and differentiation, were not related with the expression status of p53 or bcl-2. Of the 31 primary early gastric-cancer patients, 14 exhibited p53 overexpression and 16 showed negative the bcl-2 expression; 5 cases had both p53 overexpression and negative bcl-2 expression. Of the 31 advanced gastric cancer patients, 19 showed the p53 overexpression, and negative bcl-2 expression, 15 exhibited both p53 overexpression and negative bcl-2 expression. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that cell cycle alteration and apoptosis control by p53 and bcl-2 may play roles in the carcinogenesis of gastric cancer. However, there are many other mediators that may facilitate carcinogenesis. This study proved that bcl-2 is a valuable prognostic factor.
Apoptosis ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Cycle ; Clone Cells ; Humans ; Stomach Neoplasms*

Acute necrotizing esophagitis (AEN), also called "black esophagus," is a rare disorder with an unknown pathogenesis. Endoscopic findings generally show black pigmentation throughout the esophagus. This case also offered rare views of the gross anatomy of this disorder. Histological examination revealed that the mucosal and submucosal layers of the esophagus were involved in the severe necrotizing inflammation. The chief manifestation of this disease is hematemesis from hemorrhage of the upper gastrointestinal tract with a typically multifactorial etiology. AEN is also characterized by a clear boundary at the gastroesophageal junction where the necrosis stops. In this study, we report an autopsy case of a 61-year-old man with necrotizing inflammation throughout the esophagus and esophageal necrosis from the laryngopharynx to the gastroesophageal junction. The patient was a disabled person with a history of alcohol abuse who was also diagnosed with mild coronary arteriosclerosis and fatty liver on the basis of the underlying diseases. In this case, the main etiology for poor perfusion from the distal esophageal area was likely underlying illness, history of alcoholism, and malnutrition.
Alcoholism ; Autopsy* ; Coronary Artery Disease ; Disabled Persons ; Esophagitis* ; Esophagogastric Junction ; Esophagus ; Fatty Liver ; Hematemesis ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Hypopharynx ; Inflammation ; Malnutrition ; Middle Aged ; Necrosis ; Perfusion ; Pigmentation ; Upper Gastrointestinal Tract

Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is one of the most common diseases in older men and it may be accompanied with significant problems in the quality of life. Histological changes of BPH is starting at the age of 35, and there is induced in 60% of 60-year-old men, 80% of 80-year-old men, in 50% of the patient group may lead to lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS). A 74-year-old man with huge BPH visited outpatient clinic with severe LUTS of an year duration. He was diagnosed with BPH 11 years ago and underwent transurethral resection of prostate twice. However, the prostate grew up to remarkable size again, which lead to the bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) and renal failure. There is no report for huge BPH (above 300 g) in Korea, we report a case with huge prostate size that is measured 330 g and treated with suprapubic open prostatectomy.
Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Humans ; Korea ; Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Prostate ; Prostatectomy ; Prostatic Hyperplasia* ; Quality of Life ; Renal Insufficiency ; Transurethral Resection of Prostate ; Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction

Meckel's diverticulum is the most common congenital anomaly that results from an incomplete obliteration of omphalomesenteric duct. But only 10% of Meckel's diverticulums are symptomatic. The most common presentation in children is painless rectal bleeding, while intestinal obstruction is more common in adults. Obstruction with a Meckel's diverticulum is usually attributed to intussusception, volvulus, inflammatory adhesion, or an internal hernia. Author's experienced multi-directionally rotated Meckel's diverticulum causes intestinal obstruction with gangrenous change in a child and removed successfully with laparoscopic assistance. To our knowledge, this appears to be a first case report of a torsion of Meckel's diverticulum associated with intestinal obstruction in Korea, which was treated by laparoscopic procedure.
Adult ; Child ; Hemorrhage ; Hernia ; Humans ; Intestinal Obstruction* ; Intestinal Volvulus ; Intussusception ; Korea ; Laparoscopy ; Meckel Diverticulum* ; Vitelline Duct

Complicated malaria is mainly caused by Plasmodium falciparum, but, increasingly, Plasmodium vivax is also being reported as a cause. Since the reemergence of indigenous vivax malaria in 1993, cases of severe malaria have been steadily reported in Korea. Herein, we report a case of vivax malaria complicated by adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) that was successfully managed with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). A 59-year-old man presented at our hospital with fever and abdominal pain, which had persisted for 10 days. On admission, the patient had impaired consciousness, shock, hypoxia and haziness in both lungs, jaundice, thrombocytopenia and disseminated intravascular coagulation, metabolic acidosis, and acute kidney injury. A peripheral blood smear and a rapid diagnostic test verified P. vivax mono-infection. Ten hours after admission, hypoxia became more severe, despite providing maximal ventilatory support. The administration of antimalarial agents, ECMO, and continuous venovenous hemofiltration resulted in an improvement of his vital signs and laboratory findings. He was discharged from the hospital 7 weeks later, without any sequelae.
Acute Kidney Injury ; Anoxia ; Antimalarials/*administration & dosage ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation ; Humans ; Lung/radiography ; Malaria, Vivax/*complications/diagnosis/radiography/therapy ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Plasmodium vivax/*isolation & purification ; Republic of Korea ; Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Adult/*complications/radiography/therapy ; Treatment Outcome

Hantaan virus is widely distributed in Korea and has been known to cause hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome (HFRS). Hantaviruses are carried by numerous rodent species throughout the world. Especially, the striped field mice, Apodemus agrarius, is natural host for Hantaan virus in Korea. In this study, a total 105 wild rodents of 3 species (101 of Apodemus agrarius, 2 of Eothenomys regulus, and 2 of Mus musculus) were trapped in Kyonggi and Gangwon provinces for April to June, 2001 to study serologic and genetic characterization. 8 Apodemus agrarius (7.9%) were immunofluorescent antibody (IFA) positive against Hantaan virus and Hantaan virus genome was found in 5 among 8 seropositive rodents. S gene of isolated Hantaan virus genome was amplified and directly sequenced. Based on 917 bases of S gene (411-1327 bases), 2001 Korean isolates showed 94.8% to 95.5% nucleotide homologies in comparison with prototype Hantaan virus 76-118 which was isolated from Apodemus agrarius in Korea, 1976. The partial M gene (1969-2240 bases) showed 94.1% to 100.0% nucleotide homologies in comparison with 76-118 strain. In phylogenetic analysis, 2001 Korean isolates made the distinct cluster. Therefore, Hantaan viruses isolated in 2001 were not significantly chinged in genetic level comparison with previous isolate from Korea.
Animals ; Gangwon-do* ; Genome ; Gyeonggi-do* ; Hantaan virus ; Hantavirus* ; Hemorrhagic Fever with Renal Syndrome ; Korea ; Mice* ; Murinae* ; Rodentia

PURPOSE: It is suggested that caveolin and aquaporin might be closely associated with bladder signal activity. We investigated the effect of the deletion of caveolin 1, using caveolin 1 knockout mice, on the expression of aquaporin 1 in order to identify their relation in the urothelium of the urinary bladder. METHODS: The cellular localization and expressions of aquaporin 1 and caveolin 1, in the wild type and caveolin 1 knockout mice urinary bladder, were examined by Western blot and immunofluorescence techniques. RESULTS: Aquaporin 1 and caveolin 1 were coexpressed in the arterioles, venules, and capillaries of the suburothelial layer in the wild type controls. Aquaporin 1 protein expression was significantly higher in the caveolin 1 knockout mice than in the wild type controls (P <0.05). CONCLUSIONS: The results imply that aquaporin 1 and caveolin 1 may share a distinct relation with the bladder signal activity. This might play a specific role in bladder dysfunction.
Animals ; Aquaporin 1* ; Arterioles ; Blotting, Western ; Capillaries ; Caveolin 1* ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Mice* ; Mice, Knockout ; Urinary Bladder* ; Urothelium ; Venules

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a heterogeneous group of disorders characterized by ineffective hematopoiesis, morphological dysplasia, peripheral blood cytopenias, and progressive bone marrow failure. The only proven curative treatment for MDS is hematopoietic stem cell transplantation. However, invasive fungal infection following hematopoietic stem cell transplantation has become the leading cause of death from infection. Therefore, transplant candidates with previous invasive fungal infection have often been excluded from the transplant program due to high risk of reactivation and associated death. We report on a case involving an MDS patient with complications from invasive aspergillosis who had shown no response to amphotericin-B. The patient underwent successfully unrelated allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Aspergillosis ; Bone Marrow ; Cause of Death ; Hematopoiesis ; Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation ; Hematopoietic Stem Cells ; Humans ; Myelodysplastic Syndromes ; Transplants