No abstract available.
Spine* ; United Nations*

PURPOSE: This study determined which obesity measurement correlates the best with diabetes and prediabetes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study enrolled 1603 subjects (611 men, 992 women; age 30-64 years) at the Cardiovascular and Metabolic Diseases Etiology Research Center. Body mass index, waist circumference, waist-height ratio, waist-hip ratio, waist-thigh ratio, and visceral fat were used as measures of obesity. Visceral fat was acquired using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). The prevalences of diabetes and prediabetes were defined using the criteria in the American Diabetes Association 2015 guidelines. RESULTS: After adjusting for age and other potential confounding factors, participants with a visceral fat mass in the upper 10th percentile had a higher odds ratio (OR) for diabetes and prediabetes than the upper 10th percentile of other adiposity indices [men, OR=15.9, 95% confidence interval (CI)=6.4-39.2; women, OR=6.9, 95% CI=3.5-13.7]. Visceral fat mass also had the highest area under the curve with diabetes and prediabetes in both men (0.69, 95% CI=0.64-0.73) and women (0.70, 95% CI=0.67-0.74) compared to other anthropometric measurements of obesity. CONCLUSION: Visceral fat mass measured using DXA is an indicator of diabetes or prediabetes, due to its ability to differentiate between abdominal visceral and subcutaneous fat.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; *Adiposity ; Adult ; Anthropometry ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group/*statistics & numerical data ; Biomarkers/blood ; Body Mass Index ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Diabetes Mellitus/*ethnology ; Female ; Humans ; *Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Obesity/complications/*ethnology ; Odds Ratio ; Prediabetic State/*ethnology ; Prevalence ; Prospective Studies ; Republic of Korea/epidemiology ; Waist Circumference

OBJECTIVE: This study was designed to evaluate the effect of nasogastric tube on swallowing function in stroke patients with dysphagia. METHOD: Twelve stroke patients with dysphagia were included in this study. We evaluated the Functional Dysphagia Scale using videofluoroscopic swallowing study. Swallowing tasks were composed of swallowing 5 cc of thick food and same volume of fluid on nasogastric tube insertion state and then nasogastric tube removal state. RESULTS: As the result of measuring oral phase score before and after removing nasogastric tube, all of 12 patients showed no significant difference. There was statistically significant increase in score of residue in piriform sinuses on thick food swallowing after removing nasogastric tube (p<0.05). After removing nasogastric tube, aspiration was decreased on fluid swallowing in cases of 2 patients, while aspiration on thick food swallowing was increased in cases of 2 patients, compared with nasogastic tube insertion state. CONCLUSION: As the result of this study, the stroke patients with dysphagia on nasogastric tube were increased on fluid aspiration due to rapid descending and inhibition of epiglottic closure compared with the removal state of nasogastric tube. And there was significant increased in scores of residue in piriform sinuses on thick food swallowing and aspiration pneumonia after removing nasogastric tube.
Deglutition Disorders* ; Deglutition* ; Humans ; Pneumonia, Aspiration ; Pyriform Sinus ; Stroke*

OBJECTIVE: To determine if stretching the sciatic nerve in control and patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy significantly alters F-wave parameters. METHOD: We studied F-waves in the deep peroneal & posterior tibial nerves of 20 patients with unilateral lumbosacral radiculopathies and 22 controls. F-waves were recorded bilaterally in the neutral position and supine in 30o & 60o straight leg raising (SLR). F-wave parameters included minimal latency (F min), maximal latency (F max), mean latency (F mean), latency difference between F min and F max (chronodispersion), mean duration (F dur) and side to side difference in F min, F max, F mean and F dur. RESULTS: In controls, the F-wave latency was found to be longer in supine with SLR than in neutral position. In patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy, significant differences of F max, F mean and F dur between sides during 30o SLR were noted in the deep peroneal nerves, but all parameters in the posterior tibial nerves during SLR were not changed. CONCLUSION: In this study, we observed significant changes in F-wave latency in control during straight leg raising, but no significant changes in patients with lumbosacral radiculopathy. For the clinical application to lumbosacral radiculopathy, further study is needed.
Humans ; Leg* ; Peroneal Nerve ; Radiculopathy* ; Sciatic Nerve ; Tibial Nerve

No abstract available.
Histiocytosis*

Polymorphic reticulosis(PMR) is a unique clinicopathological entity of unknown etiology, which commonly present as an aggressive, necrotizing lesion of the upper respiratory tract. It is a separate nosologic entity from Wegener's granulomatosis and idiopathic mildine destructive disease. The origin of the cells composing polymorphic reticulosis has been controversial. We reviewed 15 cases of polymorphic reticulosis with respect to clinical and histologic bases, and immunohistochemical studies were done using UCHLI (CD45RO), as a T cell marker, CD-20 as a B cell marker and alpha- I -antichymotrypsin as a histiocytic marker. Almost all cases showed characteristic histologic and immunohistochemical features similar to those of peripheral T cell lymphoma. Thus, this study indidcated that polymorphic reticulosis is a type of malignant lymphoma of T cell lineage.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the effects of structured self-debriefing using 3S models on the clinical competency, self-efficacy, and educational satisfaction in nursing students after simulation. METHODS: For this study, 76 third-year undergraduate nursing students from S university were invited. They were divided into two groups, which consisted of a self-debriefing (SDG=41) group and an instructor-led debriefing group (ILDG=35). Collected data was analyzed using Chi-square, t-test, and an independent t-test with the PASW statistics 18.0 for Windows Program. RESULTS: Clinical competency was generally high in the SDG, and statistically significant differences between the SDG and the ILDG occurred after simulations 3, 4, and 5. There were no statistically significant differences in self-efficacy and educational satisfaction between the SDG and the ILDG. However, educational satisfaction in the SDG was slightly higher, while self-efficacy was low compared to the ILDG. CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the method of structured self-debriefing using a 3S model can be effective in improving clinical competency. Further studies need to be investigated.
Humans ; Nursing* ; Patient Simulation ; Students, Nursing*

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to perform a clinical analysis of nine patients with giant aneurysms managed with endovascular embolization. METHODS: From March 2000 to September 2009, nine cases of giant intracranial aneurysms were treated (five unruptured and four ruptured). The nine patients included two males and seven females who were 47 to 72 years old (mean, 59.2 years old). The types of giant intracranial aneurysms were eight internal carotid artery aneurysms and one vertebral artery aneurysm. Treatment for each aneurysm was chosen based on anatomic relationships, aneurysmal factors, and the patients' clinical state. Three patients underwent endovascular coiling with stent and six initially underwent endovascular coiling alone. Medical records, operation records, postoperative angiographies, and follow-up angiographies were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: Eight out of nine patients showed good clinical outcomes. (six were excellent and two were good) after a mean follow-up period of 27.9 months. Six (67%) of the nine patients had a near-complete occlusions on the post-operative angiogram (mean, 13.5 months after the procedure). Occlusion rates of 90% or higher were obtained for eight (89%) of all the patients. One patient died due to multiple organ failure. Stents were ultimately required at some point for managing four aneurysms. Two patients needed additional procedures because of aneurysm regrowth. CONCLUSION: Endovascular treatment could be an alternative option for managing giant aneurysms adjuvant to surgical intervention.
Aneurysm ; Angiography ; Carotid Artery, Internal ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Intracranial Aneurysm ; Male ; Medical Records ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Stents ; Vertebral Artery

No abstract available.
Korea*

The effects of treatment with mercury chloride on the nitrite and nitrate syntheses were observed in peritoneal macrophages from Balb/c mice and EMT-6 cells in vitro. The cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium(DMEM) with cytokines. Amounts of nitrite and nitrate in the culture media after 24 and 36 hours of culture were about 2-fold, and 3-fold of those measured after 12 hours respectively. There were very close associations between the amounts of nitrite and nitrate measured in the culture media according to culture time. The survival rate of peritoneal macrophages was significantly decreased by mercury chloride added into the media in dose-dependent manner, however the survivals of EMT-6 cells were not influenced by mercury chloride concentration in media. Nitrite and nitrate syntheses were dose-dependently decreased by mercury chloride added in culture media. ATP synthesis also decreased in EMT-6 cells by mercury chloride. These results reported here suggest that the disorder of cell mediated immunity by mercurials could be related to the inhibition of nitric oxide synthesis which seems to be caused by the inhibition of ATP synthesis.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Animals ; Culture Media ; Cytokines ; Immunity, Cellular ; Macrophages ; Macrophages, Peritoneal* ; Mice* ; Nitric Oxide* ; Survival Rate