The morphologic differences hetween a mucoid and pasty type of Cryptococcus neoformans derived from pigeon drops were investigated using an eIectron microscope. The following results were obtained: No essential differences in ultramicroscopic structures were noted hetween the mucoid and pasty type of C. neoformans, but the capsule is thicker in the mucoid type than the pasty one and the intracytoplasmic structures were seen more clearly in the mucoid type. These differences seem to he related to chemical components and the difficulty of penetration of fixing solution through thick capsules. There were no differences between C. neoformans derived from pigeon drops and those from pathogenic strains which were reported by others. Therefore, C. neoformans derived form pigeon drops can infect humans.
Capsules ; Columbidae* ; Cryptococcus neoformans* ; Cryptococcus* ; Humans

In the beginning of anesthetic training, one of the clinical practices that anesthetists have to learn is manually controlled ventilator techniques. The popularity of manually controlled ventilatory techniques has been gradually decreased with increased use for anesthetic ventilators. However it is important and basic for the anesthetists to master manually controlled ventilator techniques skillfully. Recently, we analyzed the arterial blood gas in 30 cases before and during general anesthesia, and studied the effects of the manually controlled ventilation on the pulmonary gas exchange. The results were as follow; 1) Mean value of PaCO₂ during the manually controlled ventilation, 29.9±2.0 mmHg was decreased statistically comparing with that of PaCO₂ before the anesthesia, 39.8±2.8 mmHg. 2) Mean values of pH and HCO₃⁻ during the manually controlled ventilation were 7.48±0.03, 22.2±2.4 mEq/1, respectively and values before the anesthesia were 7.41±0.02, 25.2±1.8 mEq/1, respectively. 3) Mean value of PaO₂ and O₂ saturation during the manually controlled ventilation were 270.0±28.8 mmHg, 99.6±0.2%, respectively and values before the anesthesia were 92.5±4.0 mmHg, 96.9±1.0%, respectively. These results indicates that manually controlled ventilation at our department of anesthesiology produced mild hyperventilatory state. However these were no significant changes in cerebral blood flow and other biochemical parameters.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General* ; Anesthesiology ; Cerebrovascular Circulation ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Pulmonary Gas Exchange ; Ventilation* ; Ventilators, Mechanical

It is well known the CT is very useful in the evaluation of gallbladder carcinoma. We have studied 19 cases of gallbladder carcinoma with whole body scanner from May 1980 to Aug. 1983. 1. The sex distribution were 11 males and 8 females with over 40 years of age. 2. The computed tomographic classificications of the cases were 7 of intraluminal fungating mass(single 5 and multiple 2), 5 of mass filling the gallbladder, 5 of irregular thickened GB and 2 of mixed type, irregular thickned wall and intraluminal fungating mass. 3. CT demonstrated metastasis of other organ, 8 cases of the liver, 5 cases of the extrahepatic bile duct, 3 cases of peritoneum, 2 cases of duodenum, 1 case of the stomach, 1 case of the pancreas, and 15 cases of lymph nodes. 4. Associated diseases were6 cases of gall stone, 2 cases of clonorchiasis, 1 case of pancreatic pseudocyst, and 1 case of renal cyst.
Bile Ducts, Extrahepatic ; Clonorchiasis ; Duodenum ; Female ; Gallbladder ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Liver ; Lymph Nodes ; Male ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Pancreas ; Pancreatic Pseudocyst ; Peritoneum ; Sex Distribution ; Stomach

No abstract available.
Marfan Syndrome*

A case of 30 years old male with acne conglobata was reported. The skin lesions were characterized by numerous papules, pustules, abscesses, discharging sinuses and resultant hypertrophic scars on the buttocks, back, face, chest, abdomen, neck, and the both extremities. Physical examination shows chronic tonsillitis, caries, and missing of the teeth, and periodontitis. Pus culture shows only coagulase negative Staphylococcus. He was treated with tetracycline, predlnisolone and vitamin B-complex for four weeks with favorable effect.
Abdomen ; Abscess ; Acne Vulgaris* ; Adult ; Buttocks ; Cicatrix, Hypertrophic ; Coagulase ; Extremities ; Humans ; Male ; Neck ; Palatine Tonsil ; Periodontitis ; Physical Examination ; Skin ; Staphylococcus ; Suppuration ; Tetracycline ; Thorax ; Tonsillitis ; Tooth ; Vitamins

No abstract available.
Infertility* ; Pregnancy*

The correlation of metaplasia to dysplasia and carcinoma in the gallbladder has attracted the attention of many investigators. We mapped and examined a total of 263 cholecystectomized gallbladders to analyze the mucosal changes in the carcinogenesis of the gallbladder. Stones were present in 59.7%, hyperplasia in 28.5%, metaplasia in 55.5% (gastric 37.6%, intestinal 17.9%), dysplasia in 17.1% (low grade 9.1%, high grade 8%) and carcinoma in 7.6%. Metaplasia was more frequently identified in the stone-positive group (62.4%) than in the stone-negative group (45.3%) (P<0.05). Especially, the incidence of intestinal metaplasia was significantly higher in the stone-positive group. Dysplasia and carcinoma were more frequent in the metaplasia-positive group (dysplasia 26.7%, carcinoma 11%) than in the metaplasia-negative group (dysplasia 5.1%, carcinoma 3.4%) (P<0.05). Their incidences were significantly higher in the intestinal metaplasia than in the gastric metaplasia. Forty four percent of the dysplasia-positive cases were associated with carcinoma in the adjacent mucosa but carcinoma was absent in the dysplasia-negative cases. Hyperplasia did not reveal any significant correlation with metaplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma. These results suggest that gallstone is causally related to the metaplasia in the gallbladder and the metaplasia-dysplasia- carcinoma sequence exists in the gallbladder.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Carcinogenesis ; Gallbladder* ; Gallstones ; Humans ; Hyperplasia* ; Incidence ; Metaplasia* ; Mucous Membrane ; Research Personnel

The clinical studies were made on 40 cases of malignant cutaneous tumors who visited to Department of Dermatology, Kyungpook National University Hospital during last 6 years from 1967 to 1972. 1) Among 40 cases, 23 were squamous cell carcinomas, 10 basal cell carcinonias, two mycosis fungoides, one Hodgkins disease, one malignant melanoma, one angiosarcoma, one fibrosarcoma, and one metastatic adenocarclonoma. 2) The patient with malignant tumors were increasing by the year, being 0.06% of total out patients in 1967 but increased to 0.64% by 1971. 3) Squamous cell carcinomas were seen above the age 30 but basal cell carcinomas were seen above the age 40. Mycosis fungoides and malignant melanoma were seen in 20th of age, while Hodgkins disease, angiosarcoma, fibrosarcoma, and metastatic adenocarcinoma were seen in 50th of age. 4) The ratio of squamous cell carcinoma to basal cell carcinoma was 2.3:1, contrary to higher incidence of basal cell carcinoma than squamous cell carcinoma among caucasians. 5) Among 23 cases of squamous cell carcinoma, 7 cases were derived from Bowens disease, 4 cases were from chronic burn scar, two from senile keratosis, one from tropic ulcer, and remaining 9 were not able to elucidate its cause. 6) The predilection sites of squamous cell carcinoma were four extremities particulary on lower extremities, while basal cell carcinomas were on the face predominantly. 7) Among 10 cases of basal cell carcinomas, 8 cases were ulcerative form and the rest of two were nodular form. 6 cases showed dark pigmentation in the lesions sugge stive of pigmented basal cell carcinoma but only 3 of them were proved to be true pigmented form histologically. 6 cases showed solid type of basal cell carcinoma and 2 showed pigmented type among 8 cases of ulcerative form. Those two cases of nodular form, one showed pigmented type and the other adenocystic type histologically.
Adenocarcinoma ; Bowen's Disease ; Burns ; Carcinoma, Basal Cell ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cicatrix ; Dermatology ; Extremities ; Fibrosarcoma ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hemangiosarcoma ; Hodgkin Disease ; Humans ; Incidence ; Keratosis ; Lower Extremity ; Melanoma ; Mycosis Fungoides ; Outpatients ; Pigmentation ; Ulcer

A case of incontinentia pigmenti without any developmental defect has been presented. And literatures have been reviewed. The patient was a 20 year old female and had been affected with numerous dark brownish linear streaks of pigmentation on the entirebody. No familiar traits were noted. Diagnosis was confirmed by characteristic clinical picture, laboratory and histopathologic findings.
Diagnosis ; Female ; Humans ; Incontinentia Pigmenti* ; Pigmentation ; Young Adult

Malignant mixed mullerian tumor (MMMT) is an unusual tumor composed of malignant epithelial and nonepithelial components in the same lesion and is subdivided into homologous and heterologous types. Epidemiologically, these tumors are associated with prior pelvic irradiation, functioning ovarian lesions, exogenous estrogen therapy and rarely endometriosis. We experienced a case of uterine MMMT which arose from adenomyosis in a 47-year-old woman who had no specific past medical history. The posterior uterine corpus showed a 3.5x3.0x2.0 cm sized, relatively well defined tumor mass within the background of the adenomyosis. The tumor was composed of well differentiated endometrial adenocarcinoma and sarcomatous stroma with foci of rhabdomyosarcomatous differentiation confirmed by immunohistochemical and electron microscopic studies. Through the immunohistochemical study, both the epithelial and nonepithelial components were positive for cytokeratin and it suggested that the sarcomatous area originated from metaplasia of the adenocarcinoma component. From the overall findings, it is regarded as an uterine heterologous MMMT which arose from adenomyosis.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenomyosis* ; Endometriosis ; Estrogens ; Female ; Humans ; Keratins ; Metaplasia ; Middle Aged ; Rhabdomyosarcoma ; Uterus*