No abstract available.
Colitis, Ulcerative* ; Ulcer*

No abstract available.
Bone Density* ; Female ; Lactation* ; Postpartum Period*

No abstract available.
Pregnancy*

BACKGROUND: Packs are viscous preparations that produce a film over the skin surface, thus preventing the evaporation of water and increasing the skin temperature. Because of this occlusive effect, packs can be used as the vehicle to which active pharmacologic agents produce a therapeutic effect. OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to explore the feasibility of pack formulation as a vehicle by comparing percutaneous absorption with ointment formulation. METHODS: After 0.5, 1, 2 and 6 hours of topical applications of 0.05% clobetasol 17-propionate ointment and pack on each forearm of 9 young, healthy male subjects, the amounts of the drug in tape-stripped stratum corneum were assessed using high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC). RESULTS: There was no significant difference with regard to the amount of the drug in tape-stripped stratum corneum between ointment and pack formulations of 0.05% clobetasol 17-propionate. CONCLUSION: Pack formulations delivered similar amount of drugs to the skin compared to ointment formulations, suggesting peel-off type pack can be used as a new vehicle of topical corticosteroids.
Adrenal Cortex Hormones* ; Clobetasol ; Forearm ; Humans ; Male ; Skin ; Skin Absorption* ; Skin Temperature

No abstract available.
Blood Glucose ; Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 ; Humans

BACKGROUND: The most important acute complication of percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) is abrupt closure by dissection and thrombus, which account for the majority of deaths and emergency coronary artery bypass procedures associated with PTCA. We sought to determine the relationship between clinical, angiographic characteristics and abrupt thrombotic closure related to coronary intervention. METHODS: One hundred thirty two patients (61.6+/-8.0 year, 98 male) underwent PTCA or stenting under the diagnosis of acute myocardial infarction were analyzed at Chonnam University Hospital between Jan '97 and Jun '98. Patients were divided into two groups, one, 14 patients (Group A, 61.7+/-8.0 year, 9 male), who developed thrombotic occlusion, and the other, 118 patients (Group B, 61.5+/-8.0 year, 89 male) who did not develop abrupt closure related to the coronary intervention. RESULT: There were no significant differences in age, sex, risk factors, activated partial thromboplastin time, fibrinogen, erythrocyte sedimentation rate, C-reactive protein, location of lesion, branch involvement, lesion severity, AHA/ACC morphology between two groups. The incidence of intra-coronary thrombus was greater in Group A than in Group B (44% vs. 2%, p=0.025). Acute thrombotic occlusion related to the coronary interventions developed more frequently in the lesions within two days after the symptomatic onset (55% vs. 19%, p=0.035) and in the right coronary artery (RCA) lesions (55% vs. 24%, p=0.041). CONCLUSION: Predictors of abrupt thrombotic occlusion during coronary intervention in patients with acute myocardial infarction are intracoronary thrombus, earlier intervenion within 2 days after onset of aucte myocardial infarction and RCA lesion.
Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary ; Blood Sedimentation ; C-Reactive Protein ; Coronary Artery Bypass ; Coronary Vessels ; Diagnosis ; Emergencies ; Fibrinogen ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jeollanam-do ; Myocardial Infarction* ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Risk Factors ; Stents ; Thrombosis

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Negative findings on diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) does not exclude the possibility of brainstem infarction, particularly in the acute stage of medullary lesion. Our aim was to investigate the false-negative rate of DWI in patients with acute lateral medullary infarction. METHODS: We applied DWI to 26 patients with a clinical diagnosis of lateral medullary infarction within 72 h of the onset. We assessed relationships between initial DWI findings and time-to-MRI (the time between onset of symptoms and initial DWI), number of clinical symptoms and signs, and final lesion volume. RESULTS: There were 8 cases (31%) of false negatives in the initial DWI results. The occurrence of false-negative DWI findings decreased significantly as the time-to-MRI increased (P=0.014). However, the false-negative rate was not significantly correlated with the number of clinical symptoms and signs or the final lesion volume. CONCLUSIONS: The diagnosis of lateral medullary infarction should not be ruled out on the basis of early negative DWI. To confirm the lesion, follow-up DWI or further MRI should be performed in cases with early negative DWI results
Brain Stem Infarctions ; Diagnosis ; Diffusion* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging

PURPOSE: To document the radiologic characteristics of Korean Gaucher disease. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Fifteen bone marrow biopsy and laboratory data confirmed Gaucher disease patients (age 1 -21, mean 10.9 yr) wereundertaken plain X ray and MRI. Number of type I were 10, type II, 2, type III, 3. Seven were splenectomized oninitial evaluation or during follow up. Five enzyme treated patient were undertaken follow-up MR examinationduring 6 -40 month with 6 month interval. Conventional T1 and T2WI of spine and femur was performed and FMPSPGR inand out of phase image was also done. Volume of liver and spleen were measured, and bone marrow infiltration andpresence of infarction were scored according to 6 scale scoring system. Clinical data were also reviewed andcorrelated with the MR findings. RESULTS: Marrow infiltration was noted in 71.4% of all patients in MRI, while itwas in 45.7% with plain radiography. Type I group showed marrow infiltration in all but one cases, which wasparallel with ages, SGPT, and presence of osteopenia, reversely correlated with spleen size. Severe bonecomplications (infarction or fracture) were noted in 7 of 10 type I group, and 6 patients showed severe growthretardation (below 3rd percentile). Follow up MR examination of 5 patient showed decrease in liver and spleen sizefirst without bone change until 6 months. There showed bone regeneration in 2 patient 1 year after, and increasedfat signal in one patient 3.5 years after. In and out of phase images couldn't help in quantifying fatcomposition in bone marrow. CONCLUSION: Korean Gaucher patients revealed as more severe skeletal complicationsthan others reported from Western groups. MR examination is a effective modality to evaluate and monitor ofGaucher patients.
Alanine Transaminase ; Biopsy ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Bone Marrow ; Bone Regeneration ; Femur ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gaucher Disease* ; Humans ; Infarction ; Liver ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Metabolism ; Radiography ; Spine ; Spleen

BACKGROUND: The p53 and retinoblastoma(Rb) tumor suppressor genes are associated with the pathogenesis of several types of human cancer. Substantial. proportion of the primary lung cancers or cell lines have been reported to have the p53 and/or the Rb gene mutations. But so far there is no report on the analysis of the Rb gene polymorphism as one of the genetic susceptibility marker. This study was undertaken to establish the gene frequencies of the polymorphic genotypes of the p53 and Rb genes in Koreans to evaluate the possible involvement of these genotypes as a risk factor of lung cancer. METHODS: In this study 145 controls without previous and present tumor history and 128 lung cancer patients were subjected to analysis The two intragenic polymorphisms of the p53 gene(exon 4/AccII, intron 6/MspI) and one intron 17/XbaI polymorphism of the Rb gene were analysed by the method of polymersae chain react lion-restriction fragment length polymorphisms(PCR-RFLPS). The genotype of the intron 3/16 bp repeat polymorphism of p53 was determined by PCR and direct gel electrophoresis. RESULTS: There were no significant differences in the genotype distributions of the p53 gene between lung cart cert patients and controls. But heterozygotes(Arg/Pro) of the exon 4/AcclII polymorphisms were slightly over-represented than controls, especially in the Kreyberg type I cancer, which was known 13 be associated with smoking. The intron 3/16 bp duplication and the intron 6/MspI polymorphisms were in complete linkage disequilibrium. About 95% of the individuals were homozygotes of the common alleles both in the 16 duplication and MspI polymorphisms, and no differences were deteced in the genotype distributions between lung cancer patients and controls. Overall genotype distributions of the Rb gene polymorphisms between lung cancer patients and controls were not significantly different However, the genotype distributions in the Kreyberg type I cancer were significantly different from those of controls(p=0.0297) or adenocarcinomas(p=0.0008). It was noticeable that 73.4% of the patients with adenocarcinomas were heterozygotes(r1/r2) whereas 39.2% of the Kreyberg type I cancer were heterozygous at this polymorphisms. In the lung cancer patients, significant differences were a]so noted between the high dose smokers and low dose smokers including non-smokers(p=0.0258). The relative risk to Kreyberg type I cancer was significantly reduced in the individuals with the genotype of r1/r2(odds ratio=0.46, 95%C.I.=0.25-0.86, p=0.0124). The combined genotype distribution of the exon 4/AccII of the p53 and the intron 17 Rb gene polymorphisms in Kreyberg type I cancers were significantly different from dose of controls or adenocarcinomas. The highest odds ratio were observed in the individuals with the genotypes of Arg/pro and r2/r2(odds ratio=1.97, 95%C.I.=0.84-4.59) and lowest one was in the patients with Arg/Arg, r1/r2 genotype(odds ratio=0.54, 95%C.I.=0.25-1.14). CONCLUSION: The p53 and the Rb gene polymorphisms modulate the risk of smoking induced lung cancer development in Koreans. However, the exact mechanism of risk modulation by these polymorphism remains to be determined. For more discrete clarification of associations between specific genotypes and lung cancer risk, the evaluations of these polymorphisms in other ethnics and more number of patients will be needed.
Adenocarcinoma ; Alleles ; Cell Line ; Electrophoresis ; Exons ; Gene Frequency ; Genes, p53 ; Genes, Retinoblastoma ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Genetic Predisposition to Disease ; Genotype ; Homozygote ; Humans ; Introns ; Linkage Disequilibrium ; Lung Neoplasms* ; Lung* ; Odds Ratio ; Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Risk Factors ; Smoke ; Smoking

Vulvodynia is the term used to describe unexplained vulvar pain, sexual dysfunction, and the resultant psychological disability. In vulvar vestibulitis, surgery is carried out on patients who have failed conservative therapy. Surgical procedures which is removal of all sensitive vestibular tissue are most effective in patients with pure vestibulitis, but effective surgery is not known in patient with dysesthetic vulvodynia. We experienced one case of vulvar denervation operation in patients with intractable dysesthetic vulvodynia, which have failed conservative therapy. So we report one case with a brief review of literature.
Denervation* ; Humans ; Vulvar Vestibulitis ; Vulvodynia*