The migration of intra-uterine devices into the bladder with the formation of stone occurs rarely. We report a case of bladder stone developed on Lippes loop migrated from the uterus.
Foreign Bodies ; Intrauterine Devices* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Calculi ; Uterus

Though the occurrence of multiple primary malignant tumor is a rare finding but the reported cases of it has increased in recent years. We collected multiple primary cancer of different organ, tissue and the multicentric origin of bilaterally paired organs. This paper reports 6 cases of multiple primary malignant tumors which were experienced at Yeungnam university hospital in Taegu during the past 2 years with review of journals. The results were as follows. 1. The incidence of multiple primary cancer was 0.31% for 2 years (1987-1988). 2. The ratio between male and female was 1:1 and mean age of incidence was 54.1 years. 3. The ratio between synchronous and metachronous (interval more than 6 months) was 1:1. 4. The time interval between first and second cancer was average 2.7 years in metachronous cases. 5. The most frequent involved organ was stomach, breast and colon in order of frequency. 6. The incidence of familial cancer associations was found in one out of 6 cases. 7. The test of DNCB, multitest CMI and ratio of T4 to T8 were performed in 4 cases but there was no definitive evidence of abnormality. We concluded that every effort should be made to discover the presence of synchronous malignancies in the patients who are being treated for a known tumor, and also special care should be given to detect new metachronous lesions is required.
Breast ; Colon ; Daegu ; Dinitrochlorobenzene ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Neoplasms, Second Primary ; Stomach

Extraskeletal chondromas are relatively uncommon benign cartilaginous tumors of the soft tissue and well known to pose a considerable diagnostic problem because of histological variations including the immature appearance of their tumor cells. Recently, we have experienced a case of extraskeletal chondroma mimicking benign chondroblastoma. The patient was a 47-year-old woman who complained of a painful subcutaneous swelling on the radial aspect of 4th proximal interphalangeal (PIP) joint in the left hand for 6 months. Radiologic examination of the 4th finger revealed a 1cm-sized soft tissue mass. Histologically, the tumor was characterized by a lobulated mass which was composed of dense proliferation of chondroblast-like cells admixed with a few multinucleated giant cells of osteoclastic type. However, there were focal areas of typical chondroma which showed lace-like intense calcification around the differentiated chondrocytes.
Chondroblastoma ; Chondrocytes ; Chondroma* ; Female ; Fingers ; Giant Cells ; Hand ; Humans ; Joints ; Middle Aged ; Osteoclasts

We investigated the occurrence of color vision loss in 70 organic solvent mixtures exposed workers and in 47 controls. Color Vision was assessed with a color arrangement test designed to identify the defective color sense, the Han Double 15-Hue Test. The results of the test were no significant difference between exposed workers and controls in the proportion of subjects who committed one or two errors. Quantitative analysis, using color confusion index(CCI), showed no signifiant difference between exposed workers and controls. A significant linear correlation was present between age and CCI in both exposed workers(CCi=0.0056age + 0.94; r=0.23; p<0.05) and controls(CCI=0.0066age + 0.86; r=0.33; p<0.05). Qualitative analysis of the patterns on the hue circle showed that the prevalence of acquired dyschromatopsia was 21% in both and no significant difference. Multiple regression analyses showed that age was significantly related to color vision loss. These results did not provide evidence of a relationship between organic solvents exposure and incidence of color vision loss. In field studies for monitor the people at risk of the acquired color vision loss involving low-dose organic solvents exposed workers, both quantitative and qualitative information should be considered.
Color Vision ; Incidence ; Prevalence ; Solvents

OBJECTIVES: The K-ARS(Korean ADHD Rating Scale) is one of the most important assessment tool of attentiondeficit hyperactivity disorder(ADHD) in Korea. In this study, we presented detailed normative data on the K-ARS for school-aged children in Seoul metropolitan area to put it to practical use. METHODS: The subjects were 2,397 students(1,223 boys and 1,174 girls, aged 6-12) from 4 elementary schools in Seoul, and one caretaker of each child completed the K-ARS for parents. Children who showed high scores of the KARS for parents were screened, and 2 child psychiatrists interviewed them to make a clinical diagnosis. We compared the mean scores of the K-ARS for parents between ADHD and normal group, and examined the percentage of correct classification. RESULTS: There were some differences in score of the K-ARS for parents according to sex and age, so we presented continuous normative data with T score and subdivided cut-off points for ADHD screening. Interviews with child psychiatrists using DSM-IV criteria were performed to test diagnostic validity, and the difference in every the K-ARS for parents index between ADHD and normal group was significant(p<.001). Using 3 different cut-off points(80th, 90th, 93rd percentage), the accuracies of ADHD correct classification were 67.9, 72.2, 71.1% and all 3 canonical discriminants were significant(p<.05) between ADHD and normal group. CONCLUSION: The normative data and cut-off points on the K-ARS for parents are useful in screening ADHD children in Seoul metropolitan area.
Child ; Classification ; Diagnosis ; Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders ; Female ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening ; Parents* ; Psychiatry ; Seoul

PURPOSE: Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronic inflammatory skin disorder with a association of genetic, environmental, and immunologic factors in the development of AD. And AD can be classified into IgE mediated and non-IgE mediated. We investigated a difference of clinical characteristics and immune response between the two groups. METHODS: From January 2008 to December 2011, we enrolled 125 children who visited Dong-A University Medical Center and Busan Medical Center, and were diagnosed as AD with the Haniffin and Rajka's criteria. We checked the history of combined asthma and allergic rhinitis and allergic disease of family in patients. We measured serum total IgE, specific IgE by ImmunoCAP or skin prick test. We measured serum interleukin (IL) 4 (IL-4), interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), IL-10, and IL-17, which are associated with chronic inflammatory disorder by flow cytometry method (Luminex). RESULTS: Eighty (64%) were included in the IgE mediated group, while forty-five (36%) were included in the non-IgE mediated group. The frequency of combined allergic disorder and serum total eosinophil count were relatively higher in IgE mediated group (P=0.023, P=0.032). The incidence of a family history in allergic disease and the mean of SCORing Atopic Dermatitis index had no difference between the two groups. Serum IL-4, IFN-gamma, IL-10, IL-17 were higher in the IgE mediated group, but there were no statistically significant differences between two groups (P>0.05). CONCLUSION: IgE mediated AD showed higher total eosinophil count and higher incidence of bronchial asthma and allergic rhinitis than non IgE mediated AD.
Academic Medical Centers ; Asthma ; Busan ; Child* ; Dermatitis, Atopic* ; Eosinophils ; Flow Cytometry ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin E* ; Immunologic Factors ; Incidence ; Interferon-gamma ; Interleukin-10 ; Interleukin-17 ; Interleukin-4 ; Interleukins ; Methods ; Rhinitis ; Skin

Antiepileptic drug hypersensitivity syndrome (AHS), a delayed immunological reaction, is a relatively rare side effect of antiepileptic drugs and is usually overlooked. An array of symptoms can occur one to eight weeks after treatment with an antiepileptic drug. Symptoms may be as simple as a fever, skin rash, or lymphadenopathy, but may eventually involve internal organs and cause fatal outcomes. Additionally, because the symptoms resemble the features of various arrays of diseases and the reported mortality rate is approximately 10%, the importance of early diagnosis and ability to differentiate AHS from other diseases cannot be overemphasized. We report a case of a 14-year-old girl with AHS caused by lamotrigine, which mimicked atypical Kawasaki disease and infectious mononucleosis.
Adolescent ; Anticonvulsants ; Drug Hypersensitivity ; Early Diagnosis ; Exanthema ; Fatal Outcome ; Fever ; Humans ; Infectious Mononucleosis ; Lymphatic Diseases ; Mucocutaneous Lymph Node Syndrome ; Triazines

The study was designed to compare the anti-carcinogenic effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers on colon carcinogenesis in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-treated rats by determining the levels of apoptosis, cell proliferation, eicosanoids and 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) in colonic mucosa. Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups depending on the types of CLA isomers, i.e. BT group (no CLA contained), CLA-C group (cis-9, trans11 isomer contained), and CLA- T group (trans-10, cis-12 isomer contained). The experimental diet was composed of protein at 20%, carbohydrate at 56.2%, and fat at 14.5% including 0.8% CLA isomers by weight. The experimental diet was fed for 14 weeks with the initiation of intramuscular injection of DMH, which was injected twice a week for 6 weeks to give total dose of l80mg per kg body weight. Two CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) significantly increased the relative percentage of apoptosis but reduced cell proliferation in mucosal cell and also the levels of PGE2, TXB2, and DAG in colonic mucosa. However, there was no significant differences in anti-carcinogenic effect between c9t11 isomer and t10c12 isomer. Overall, colon carcinogenesis could be significantly inhibited by CLA isomers by increasing apoptosis and reducing cell proliferation, the levels of eicosanoids and DAG in colonic mucosa.
1,2-Dimethylhydrazine ; Animals ; Anticarcinogenic Agents ; Apoptosis* ; Body Weight ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Proliferation* ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Diet ; Dimenhydrinate ; Dinoprostone ; Eicosanoids ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Linoleic Acid ; Male ; Mucous Membrane* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

Nightmares are vivid, unpleasant dreams that result in awakening during sleep. According to previous studies, the prevalence of nightmare disorder is 2–5% of the general population and is associated with other medical conditions and mental illnesses. Imagery rehearsal therapy (IRT) is an evidence-based treatment for nightmare disorder. The current study is a case study with a 35-year-old female who was diagnosed with nightmare disorder and posttraumatic stress disorder, and participated in IRT for five sessions. Prior to treatment, the patient reported difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep, and reported suffering from nightmares more than 2–3 times per week. After treatment, the patient reported no longer experienced nightmares, accompanied by improvements in both sleep and clinical indicators.
Adult ; Dreams ; Female ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate psychometric properties of the Munich ChronoType Questionnaire (MCTQ) in a sample of Korean older adults. METHODS: One-hundred ninety two participants aged 65 and over completed interview-based questionnaires about chronotype, insomnia, depression, and anxiety. Additionally, a small subset of subjects completed a 7-day sleep diary and actigraphy measurements. RESULTS: Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire (MEQ) scores were significantly negatively correlated with Midpoint of sleep on free days corrected for sleep debt accumulated through weekdays (MSFsc) (r=-0.45, p < 0.01) assessed by the MCTQ. MSFsc using the MCTQ was significantly positively correlated with MSFsc assessed by both the sleep diary (r=0.74, p < 0.05) and actigraphy (r=0.76, p < 0.05). Additionally, MSFsc assessed by the MCTQ was significantly positively correlated with insomnia (r=0.26, p < 0.01), depression (r=0.25, p < 0.01), and anxiety (r=0.18, p < 0.05). Finally, based on MEQ scores, we derived a cut-off score for the MCTQ that distinguishes morning type and other types (intermediate/evening types) in older adults. CONCLUSION: The results of these studies supported the validity of the MCTQ in Korean older adults. Additionally, while sleep rhythms in elder adults may be more advanced, eveningness tendency may be still important and indicative of sleep and psychological disturbance.
Actigraphy ; Adult* ; Anxiety ; Circadian Rhythm ; Depression ; Geriatric Assessment ; Geriatric Psychiatry ; Humans ; Psychometrics ; Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders ; Sleep Wake Disorders