No abstract available.

PURPOSE: To report the voiding pattern and continence stati in male patients having undergone a radical cystectomy and orthotopic bladder substitution. MATERIALS AND MATHODS: Between March 2000 and June 2005, 20 men with advanced bladder cancer had a radical cystoprostatectomy and urinary diversion via an ileal orthotopic bladder substitution. The voiding pattern and continence stati were assessed using patient interviews, frequency- volume charts and pad tests at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months after catheter removal. RESULTS: The mean age and follow-up were 60.5 years (41-72) and 34.1 months (12-69), respectively. Neobladder substitution was performed with an ileum in all patients. 17 patients had reconstruction with a Studer neobladder and 3 with a W-pouch Hautmann. All patients had transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) and their tumor stages ranged from T1G3 to T4aN1M0. The frequency of voiding ranged from 4 to 12 times during the day, and 0 to 5 times during the night, with a mean maximum neobladder capacity of 336ml (200-620) and maximum flow rate of 24.6ml/sec (12-46) 12 months after removal of the catheter. No patient required intermittent self-catheterization. All-time continence rates were 15, 30, 65 and 85%, and all-time incontinence rates were 55, 25, 10 and 5% at 1, 3, 6 and 9 months after catheter removal, respectively. CONCLUSIONS: Orthotopic bladder substitution has an excellent functional outcome over time, resulting in high daytime and nighttime continence rates within 9 months of catheter removal.
Carcinoma, Transitional Cell ; Catheters ; Colonic Pouches ; Cystectomy ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ileum ; Male* ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms ; Urinary Diversion

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to provide guidelines for the diagnosis and successful treatment of orthodontic treatment with upper premolar extraction only. METHODS: The sample group consisted of 40 patients (20 with upper premolar extraction only, 20 with both upper and lower premolar extractions) who showed an overjet of more than 7 mm and were finished successfully. Lateral cephalographs were taken before and after orthodontic treatment. Landmarks showing the position of the upper and lower incisors and the position of the upper and lower lip were determined and angular measurement of these values were obtained for statistical analysis (Mann-Whitney test). RESULTS: At pre-treatment, the position of the lower incisor was less labially inclined and the convexity of the lower lip was smaller in the upper premolar extraction only group than in the upper/lower premolar extraction group. At post-treatment, there was no difference in all measurements except for the position of the lower incisor. A comparison of changes between pre- and post-treatment showed that the retraction of upper & lower incisors and the decrease in convexity of the lower lip were greater in the upper/lower premolar extraction group. CONCLUSIONS: Treatment by upper premolar extraction can be of benefit for patients whose lower incisor proclination and lower lip protrusion are not excessive.
Bicuspid* ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incisor ; Lip

Migration of an intrauterine contraceptive device (IUD) into the urinary bladder is very rare. We experienced a case of a foreign-body migrating into the bladder of a 35-year-old women who has been suffering from frequency and dysuria for the recent 5 months. The IUD had originally been inserted 10 years ago. Removal of the IUD had been performed for achieving pregnancy, but the IUD was not detected at the correct site 7 years ago. One year later, the patient had given birth without complication. It is thought that it took less than 6 years for the IUD to invade the bladder wall.
Adult ; Dysuria ; Female ; Foreign-Body Migration ; Humans ; Intrauterine Devices* ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Urinary Bladder*

Transient global amnesia(TGA) is a transient neurological syndrome, which occurs mostly once in life. Although the pathophysiology of TGA is not yet clear, there are well-known precipitating events such as emotional stress, physical exertion, sexual intercourse, painful experiences, and immersion in cold water. We report a 67-year-old man who developed recurrent amnestic episodes fulfilling the criteria for TGA. He had vascular risk factors and precipitating events. We suggest that the number of trigger events and vascular risk factors is associated with TGA recurrence.
Aged ; Amnesia, Transient Global ; Coitus ; Cold Temperature ; Humans ; Immersion ; Memory ; Physical Exertion ; Recurrence ; Risk Factors ; Stress, Psychological ; Water

Segmental testicular infarction is an uncommon and usually idiopathic phenomenon. Some case reports have linked segmental infarction to sickle cell anemia, hypersensitivity angiitis, polycythemia, and an idiopathic cause. Magnetic resonance imaginge (MRI) might be of great diagnostic value as the ischemic lesions have a characteristic pattern. Nonetheless, as its clinical and radiological presentation may resemble testicular tumors, a definite diagnosis can only be established following surgery. We report a case of testicular infarction which presented as a malignancy even in the frozen biopsy.
Anemia, Sickle Cell ; Biopsy ; Diagnosis ; Infarction* ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Polycythemia ; Testicular Neoplasms* ; Testis ; Vasculitis, Leukocytoclastic, Cutaneous

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-activated gene-1 (NAG-1) is a recently discovered TGF-beta superfamily cytokine. But localization and functions of NAG-1 have not been thoroughly studied. So, we wanted to investigate its expression and localization in human nasal mucosa and also wanted to investigate the change of NAG-1 expression as a function of mucociliary and squamous differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Anterior and middle portion of human inferior turbinate were used and immunohistochemistry with NAG-1 antibody was done. Passage-2 normal human nasal epithelial cell culture using air-liquid interface method was performed for 14 days and the cells were divided as retinoic acid (RA)-sufficient and RA-deficient group. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was done on each group to study the degree of differentiation. Western blot analysis for NAG-1 expression was performed on each group on 0, 7, and 14 days. RESULTS: NAG-1 expression of muco-ciliated epithelium was noted in ciliated cells and serous acini, but was not found in goblet cells and mucous acini. In the squamous epithelium, its expression was weaker than in the mucociliated epithelium. In the RA-sufficient culture, NHNE cells were differentiated into ciliated epithelium, but in the RA-deficient culture, keratinizing squamous epithelium was noted. In the Western blot analysis, NAG-1 expression was significantly higher in the RA-sufficient culture than in the RA-deficient culture and this expression was time-dependent. CONCLUSION: NAG-1 may be related to differentiation and apoptotic process of nasal epithelial cells. However, it is still unclear whether NAG-1 is an inducer or a byproduct of differentiation or apoptosis. The role of NAG-1 protein remains to be solved.
Anti-Inflammatory Agents ; Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Cell Differentiation ; Eosine Yellowish-(YS) ; Epithelial Cells* ; Epithelium ; Goblet Cells ; Hematoxylin ; Humans* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Nasal Mucosa* ; Transforming Growth Factor beta ; Tretinoin ; Turbinates

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to investigate the influences of extraction and nonextraction treatment on smile esthetics by measuring dental arch width changes. METHODS: Pretreatment and posttreatment study models of 30 first premolar extraction cases and 30 nonextraction cases were randomly selected to determine whether extraction treatment results in narrow dental arches, and a consequent unaesthetic smile. Arch widths were measured from the cusp tips of the canines and the first molars. Posterior arch widths were also measured at a constant arch depth derived by averaging randomly chosen nonextraction models. RESULTS: The intercanine widths increased significantly in the extraction sample, whereas the intermolar widths decreased significantly. The arch width at a standardized arch depth was significantly wider in the extraction subjects. CONCLUSION: These results elucidate that constriction in arch width is not a materialized consequence of extraction treatment. It leads to postulate that an esthetically compromising effect from narrow dental arches on smile is hardly anticipated with extraction treatment.
Bicuspid ; Constriction ; Dental Arch ; Esthetics ; Molar

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The purpose of our study was to examine the expression of 15-lipoxygenase (15-LO) in human nasal mucosa and to investigate the change of expression of 15-LO and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) as a function of mucociliary and squamous differentiation. MATERIALS AND METHOD: Human inferior turbinates were used and immunohistochemistry with 15-LO and COX-2 antibody was done. Passage-2 normal human nasal epithelial cell culture using air-liquid interface method was performed for 14 days and the cells were divided as retinoic acid (RA)-sufficient and RA-deficient group. Western blot analysis for 15-LO and COX-2 expression was performed on each group on 0, 7, and 14 days. RESULTS: 15-LO expression of mucociliated epithelium was noted in ciliated cells and basal cells, but was not found in goblet cells and secretory acini. In squamous epithelium, the expression of 15-LO was weaker than that in the mucociliated epithelium, but the expression of COX-2 showed no difference between them. In Western blot analysis, 15-LO expression was significantly higher in RA-sufficient culture than in RA-deficient culture and this expression was time-dependent. COX-2 expression was almost same level in RA-deficient culture, but its expression was significantly higher in RA-sufficient culture on 7 and 14 days than on zero day. CONCLUSION: 15-LO and COX-2 may be related to differentiation and development of nasal epithelial cells. However, it is unclear whether this relationship is direct or indirect effect of 15-LO and COX-2. This question remains to be solved.
Humans

Chronic hypophosphatemia caused by decreased intestinal absorption or increased renal clearance, may lead to rickets or osteomalacia independently of other predisposing abnormalities. The conditions commonly associated with increased renal clearance of phosphate are X-linked hypophosphatemic rickets, tumor associated rickets/osteomalacia, RTA and Fanconi syndrome. Recently we experienced 3 men with adult-onset, histologically proven osteomalacia associated with increased renal clearance of phosphate. None of them had a family history of bone disease, tumors or other tubular defects. All of these had remarkable biochemical and clinical improvement with medical treatment such as 1, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D and phosphate supplementation. Although we did not find tumors yet, we could not rule out the possibility of tumor-associated osteomalcia since it often takes several years to make a diagnosis because of small size, benign nature and unusual location of tumors. Thus, careful long-term follow up for tumor occurrence will be maintained in these patients with sporadic nonfamilial hypophosphatemic osteomalacia.
Bone Diseases ; Diagnosis ; Familial Hypophosphatemic Rickets ; Fanconi Syndrome ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hypophosphatemia ; Intestinal Absorption ; Male ; Osteomalacia ; Rickets