Growth under conditions of iron-restriction and the production of siderophore was examined in Vibrio mimicus ATCC 33653. This strain grew and multiplied in the presence of the high-affinity iron chelators ethylenediamine-di (o-hydroxyphenylacetic acid). Chrorne azurol S (CAS) agar and solution were used to detect the production of siderophore under these condition. Siderophore could be detected in the iron-rcstricted culture supernatants. The siderophore was extracted from iron-restricted culture supernatants by phenol-chloroform-ether method and purified by Dowex ion-exchange and Sephadex G-25 gel filtracton chromatography. The purified siderophore was confirmed by paper chromatography and HPLC. The Purified siderophore enhanced the growth of V. mimicus when the bacterium was grown in iron limited medium. Injection of both the siderohore and the bacteria to mice resulted in more rapid death than that of the only bacteria. However, the siderophore did not show lethality to mice and any toxicity to cell line like HeLa and U937.
Agar ; Animals ; Bacteria ; Cell Line ; Chelating Agents ; Chromatography ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; Chromatography, Paper ; Iron ; Mice ; Vibrio mimicus* ; Vibrio*

No abstract available.
Cervix Uteri* ; Female ; Pregnancy*

PURPOSE: The mechanical insights of death of cancer cells by ionizing radiation are not yet clearly defined. Recent evidences have demonstrated that radiation therapy may induce cell death via activation of signaling pathway for apoptosis in target cells. This study is designed whether ionizing radiation may activate the signaling cascades of apoptosis including caspase family cysteine proteases, Bcl2/Bax, cytochrome c and Fas/Fas-L in target cells. MATERIALS AND METHODS: HL-60 cells were irradiated in vitro with 6 MV X-ray at dose ranges from 2 Gy to 32 Gy. The cell viability was tested by MTT assay and the extent of apoptosis was determined using agarose gel electrophoresis. The activities of caspase proteases were measured by proteolytic cleavages of substrates. Western blot analysis was used to monitor PARP, Caspase-3, Cytochrome-c, Bcl-2, Bax, Fas and Fas-L. RESULTS: Ionizing radiation decreases the viability of HL-60 cells in a time and dose dependent manner. Ionizing radiation-induced death in HL-60 cells is an apoptotic death which is revealed as characteristic ladder-pattern fragmentation of genomic DNA over 16 Gy at 4 hours. Ionizing radiation induces the activation of caspase-2, 3, 6, 8 and 9 of HL-60 cells in a time-dependent manner. The activation of caspase-3 protease is also evidenced by the digestion of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase and procaspase- 3 with 16Gy ionizing irradiation. Anti-apoptotic Bcl2 expression is decreased but apoptotic Bax expression is increased with mitochondrial cytochrome c release in a time- dependent manner. In additon, expression of Fas and Fas-L is also increased in a time dependent manner. CONCLUSION: These data suggest that ionizing radiation-induced apoptosis is mediated by the activation of various signaling pathways including caspase family cysteine proteases, Bcl2/Bax, Fas and Fas-L in a time and dose dependent manner.
Apoptosis ; Blotting, Western ; Caspase 2 ; Caspase 3 ; Cell Death ; Cell Survival ; Cysteine Proteases ; Cytochromes c ; Digestion ; DNA ; Electrophoresis, Agar Gel ; HL-60 Cells* ; Humans ; Peptide Hydrolases ; Radiation, Ionizing

Sodium nitroprusside is used to induce hypotension to decrease bleeding in operation site, Sodium nitroprusside decrease vascular resistance by directly relax arteriolar and venous smooth muscle, to a lesser extent. Hypotension stimulate baroreceptors and increase sympatho-adrenal activity. The function of sympatho-adrenal mdullary system may be monitored by the changes of plasma cancentrations of epinephrine and norepinephrine. To study the relationship between induced hypotension and the catecholamine release, the plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentration were measured before, during and after infusion of aodium nitropruaside to rabbits The results were as follows: 1) The mean arterial blood pressure decreased significantly after SNP infusion (5.0 ug/kg/minute) from the control value of 98.1+/-11.9 mmHg to 66.3+/-16.2, 57.9+/-17.9 mmHg in 10 and 20 minutes after SNP infusion (P<0.01) and 78.8+/-12.5 mmHg after discontinuation of SNP infusion. 2) The heart rate increased significantly after SNP infusion from the control value of 149.8+/-12.8 beat/minute to 166.5+/-10.8, 190.4+/-17.6 beats/minute in 10 and 20 minutes after SNP infusion (P<0.05, P<0.01) and the heart rate increased after discontinuation of SNP infusion. 3) The plasma epinephrine concentration increased significantly after SNP infusion from the control value of 181.2+/-91.9 pg/ml to 547.5+/-163.2, 837.5+/-253.6 pg/ml in 10 and 20 minutes after SNP infusion and continued to increase of epinephrine after discontinuation of SNP infusion. 4) The plasma norepinephrine concentration increased significantly after SNP infusion from the control value of 566.2+/-92.6 pg/ml to 1131.3+/-424.7, 1432.5+/-479.2 pg/ml 10 and 20 minutes after SNP infusion and continued to increase after discontinuation of SNP infusion. There was a highly significant correlation between decrease in mean arterial pressure and increase in plasma epinephrine and norepinephrine concentrations.
Arterial Pressure ; Epinephrine ; Heart Rate ; Hemorrhage ; Hypotension* ; Muscle, Smooth ; Nitroprusside ; Norepinephrine ; Plasma* ; Pressoreceptors ; Rabbits ; Sodium* ; Vascular Resistance

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The eradication rate of the first-line triple therapy (a proton pump inhibitor, clarithromycin, and amoxicillin) for Helicobacter pylori infection has gradually decreased in Korea. We evaluated whether clinical parameters, clarithromycin resistance, and CYP2C19 genotype can affect the eradication failure. METHODS: A total of 203 patients with H. pylori-positive chronic gastritis were consecutively enrolled. They received clarithromycin-based triple therapy for 7 days. A clarithromycin resistance test was performed by detection of A2142G and A2143G point mutations in H. pylori 23S rRNA. The CYP2C19 genotype was examined for polymorphism G681A of exon 5 and G636A of exon 4 by polymerase chain reaction with restriction fragment length polymorphism. Eradication was assessed by a ¹³C-urea breath test 4 weeks after treatment. RESULTS: Of 203 patients, 190 completed the study. The eradication rate was 64.0% according to intention-to-treat analysis and 68.4% by per-protocol analysis. CYP2C19 genotypes were identified as follows: 75 poor metabolizers, 75 intermediate metabolizers, and 40 rapid metabolizers. Nonetheless, this polymorphism was not significantly associated with eradication failure (p = 0.682). Clarithromycin resistance was detected in 33/190 patients (17.4%), and their eradication rate was zero. Clarithromycin resistance (odds ratio [OR], 19.13; 95% confidence interval [CI], 9.35 to 35.09) and female gender (OR, 1.73; 95% CI, 1.15 to 4.25) were significantly associated with eradication failure. The other clinical parameters such as age, cigarette smoking, alcohol intake, the body mass index, hypertension, and diabetes were not significantly associated with eradication. CONCLUSIONS Clarithromycin resistance and female gender are factors affecting H. pylori eradication failure in patients with chronic gastritis.

During a ten-year period from 1978 through 1987, 44 patients with T2NOMO glottic cancer were treated with radical radiation therapy at the Yonsei University Medical Center. Forty-two patients had a minimum follow-up of 3 years, and 81% had at least five years of follow-up. Patients were staged according to the AJCC system. Forty-two patients have been analyzed in detail with respect to two variables: the status of vocal cord mobility and the degree of local extension of the disease. Five-year local cord mobility (n=18), 69.1% versus patients with impaired vocal cord mobility (n=24), 43.4%(p<0.05); patients with subglottic extension (n=15). The most favorable prognostic group included the patients with normal mobility without subglottic extension (n=14), 83.1%. On the basis of this analysis, we confirmed the presence of heterogeneity in T2NOMO glottic cancer. This study indicates that further randomized controlled trials are warranted to evaluate individualized treatment according to its heterogeneity.
Academic Medical Centers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Population Characteristics* ; Radiotherapy ; Vocal Cords

Between January 1971 and December 1987, 113 patients with nasopharyngeal cancer (NPC) were treated by radiation therapy with or without chemotherapy in the department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University Hospital. There were 19 patients under thirty years of age. The histology was undifferentiated carcinoma in 68% of the younger patients as compared to 47% of the older patients. Sex, stage, initial symptoms and treatment modalities differed little from those of older patients. In younger patients, the initial complete response rate was 79% as compared to older patients with 54%, distant metastases were more common and the overall five year survival rate was not significantly different between the two age groups (33.7% for the young vs. 37.4% for the old). The five year survival rates for stage III and IV were 60.0% and 24.5%, respectively. Histologic subtype was not correlated with survival. The best survival was found only in patients who obtained a complete clearance of disease after radiation therapy. Adjuvant chemotherapy is suggested as an important target for further study.
Carcinoma ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Drug Therapy ; Humans ; Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Radiation Oncology ; Survival Rate

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effectiveness and feasibility of the laparoscopy assisted mini-lap myomectomy (LAMM) as an alternative to laparotomy for patients with multiple or huge myoma unsuitable for laparoscopic myomectomy. METHODS: Uncontrolled retrospective study was done on the forty-six women with myoma of 16 or more gestational sized who were undertaken laparoscopy assisted mini-lap myomectomy. The operative procedures consisted of: 1) examination of pelvic cavity, 2) infiltration of diluted vasopressin, 3) enucleation of myoma, 4) suture of uterus, and 5) removal of myoma. The examination of pelvic cavity was always done using laparoscopy. Either the laparoscopic or mini-lap method for each of the remaining steps was determined depending on the characteristics of the cases. Before operation, patients with severe anemia were corrected by the administration of oral or parenteral iron. RESULTS: The mean age of the patients was 33.3 +/- 4.7 years, their mean gravidities and parities were 0.74 and 0.24, respectively. Of 46 patients, 28 women were married and 20 desired childbearing. The mean (+/-SD) myoma weight was 501 +/- 353 (range 130-1600) gm. The mean operation time was 87.0 +/- 31.3 minutes and blood loss was 208 +/- 239 mL. The mean incision length of mini- lap was 4.6 +/- 1.1 (range 2.5-6) cm. Postoperatively, 1 case of wound abscess occurred. Postoperative mild anemia was correctable with oral iron. Most patients were resumed normal activity within 3 weeks. The mean period of follow-up was 20 (range 6-58) months. Of 20 who desired childbearing, 15 women were follow-up and 9 women conceived. In 6 patients who underwent cesarean section, no significant adhesion or defect was found in the uterus. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that LAMM is feasible and safe minimal invasive method that could replace routine laparotomy in patients with huge myoma.
Abscess ; Anemia ; Cesarean Section ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Gravidity ; Humans ; Iron ; Laparoscopy* ; Laparotomy ; Myoma* ; Pregnancy ; Retrospective Studies ; Surgical Procedures, Operative ; Sutures ; Uterus ; Vasopressins ; Wounds and Injuries

Background/Aims: Our study aims to characterize esophageal motor function; evaluate the relationships among esophagogastroduodenoscopy (EGD), high-resolution manometry (HRM), and 24-hour esophageal multichannel intraluminal impedance monitoring combined with pHmetry (MII-pH); and elucidate the determinants of esophageal symptom perception in South Koreans with systemic sclerosis (SSc). Methods: We reviewed prospectively collected HRM (n = 46), EGD (n = 41), and MII-pH (n = 37) data from 46 consecutive patients with SSc (42 females; mean age 50.1 years) who underwent esophageal tests between June 2013 and September 2018. Results: The most common HRM diagnosis was normal (39.1%), followed by ineffective esophageal motility (23.9%) and absent contractility (21.7%). Erosive esophagitis was observed in 12.2% of total SSc patients, with a higher frequency in patients with absent contractility than those with normal motility (44.5% vs 0.0%, P = 0.01). Pathologic acid exposure was observed in 6 patients (20.0%) and positive symptom association in 18 patients (60.0%) in MII-pH tests of symptomatic patients. The proportion of SSc patients with esophageal symptoms not explained by reflux or mucosal or motor esophageal abnormalities was 33.0%. Conclusions Esophageal involvement among South Koreans with SSc was characterized by heterogeneous motility patterns, with a higher prevalence of normal motility and lower prevalence of erosive esophagitis. Reflux hypersensitivity or functional heartburn might be partly attributed to the perception of esophageal symptoms in SSc patients who have neither gastroesophageal reflux disease nor esophageal dysmotility.

Objectives: Tegoprazan, a novel potassium-competitive acid blocker with rapid and effective antisecretory activity, was approved for the treatment of Helicobacter pylori infections in Korea in March 2020. However, real-world data regarding tegoprazan-based therapies are scarce. We compared the efficacies of tegoprazan- and lansoprazole-based triple therapies (TTs). Methods: Between March 2020 and February 2023, this study enrolled patients diagnosed with H. pylori infections who were prescribed either 14-day tegoprazan- or lansoprazole-based TTs as first-line treatments. Their medical records were retrospectively reviewed to compare H. pylori eradication rates and the rates of patient adherence to the recommended therapy. Results: A total of 670 patients diagnosed with H. pylori infections were prescribed 14-day TT regimens between March 2020 and February 2023 at Ilsan Paik Hospital (Goyang, Korea). Of those enrolled in the study, 64 received tegoprazan-based TT and 295 received lansoprazole-based TT as their first-line treatment. The H. pylori eradication rates for tegoprazan- and lansoprazole-based TTs were 76.6% and 75.6%, respectively, in the intent-to-treat population; the rates were 88.9% and 88.4%, respectively, in the per-protocol population (non-inferiority test, p=0.03 and p=0.01 in the respective populations). No significant differences were observed between the two groups with regards to treatment adherence rates (84.4% vs. 85.1%, p=0.78). Conclusions As a first-line treatment for H. pylori eradication, 14-day tegoprazan-based TT demonstrated non-inferior efficacy compared with 14-day lansoprazole-based TT.