The study was designed to compare the anti-carcinogenic effect of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers on colon carcinogenesis in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-treated rats by determining the levels of apoptosis, cell proliferation, eicosanoids and 1,2-diacylglycerol (DAG) in colonic mucosa. Sixty male Sprague Dawley rats were randomly divided into 3 groups depending on the types of CLA isomers, i.e. BT group (no CLA contained), CLA-C group (cis-9, trans11 isomer contained), and CLA- T group (trans-10, cis-12 isomer contained). The experimental diet was composed of protein at 20%, carbohydrate at 56.2%, and fat at 14.5% including 0.8% CLA isomers by weight. The experimental diet was fed for 14 weeks with the initiation of intramuscular injection of DMH, which was injected twice a week for 6 weeks to give total dose of l80mg per kg body weight. Two CLA isomers (c9t11 and t10c12) significantly increased the relative percentage of apoptosis but reduced cell proliferation in mucosal cell and also the levels of PGE2, TXB2, and DAG in colonic mucosa. However, there was no significant differences in anti-carcinogenic effect between c9t11 isomer and t10c12 isomer. Overall, colon carcinogenesis could be significantly inhibited by CLA isomers by increasing apoptosis and reducing cell proliferation, the levels of eicosanoids and DAG in colonic mucosa.
1,2-Dimethylhydrazine ; Animals ; Anticarcinogenic Agents ; Apoptosis* ; Body Weight ; Carcinogenesis ; Cell Proliferation* ; Colon* ; Colonic Neoplasms ; Diet ; Dimenhydrinate ; Dinoprostone ; Eicosanoids ; Humans ; Injections, Intramuscular ; Linoleic Acid ; Male ; Mucous Membrane* ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley

No abstract available.
Humans ; Hypersensitivity* ; Phenytoin*

Two cases of an anomalous systemic arterial supply to the basal segments of the left lower lobe without pulmonary wequestration are presented. In the first case, a preoperative diagnosis was made by chest CT, and confirmed by angiograpy, in a 22-year old man who had a recurrent hemoptysis. There was systemic arterial supply that originated from the thoracic descending aorta and no pulmonary arterial supply to the basilar segment of the left lower lobe. However, the pulmonary parenchyma was normal without sequestration. Ligation of the abnormal artery and a left lower lobectomy were performed without complication. In the second case, there were characteristic features of this anomaly on chest CT and the angiogram in a 31-year-old man with symptoms of hemoptysis. The patient refused surgery.
Adult ; Aorta, Thoracic ; Arteries ; Bronchopulmonary Sequestration ; Diagnosis ; Hemoptysis ; Humans ; Ligation ; Tomography, X-Ray Computed

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Colonoscopy has emerged as the dominant colorectal cancer screening strategy, yet the data on the results of performing screening colonoscopy in asymptomatic average risk Koreans is limited. The aim of this study is to determine the results of screening colonoscopy at a community-based single center in Korea. METHODS: A total of 13,743 individuals (5,935 males and 7,808 females, age: 50.6+/-11.8 years) who underwent screening colonoscopy at a community based hospital from April 2006 to March 2008 were analyzed. RESULTS: Of the 13,743 subjects, neoplasia, advanced neoplasia and early colon cancer were detected in 3,270 subjects (23.8%), 315 subjects (2.3%) and 60 subjects (0.5%), respectively. The prevalence of neoplasia and advanced neoplasia increased with age (p<0.001), and this was higher among males as compared to that of females (p<0.001). Of the 3,666 subjects with neoplasia, 1,440 subjects (38.3%) had multiple neoplasia. Old age and male gender were associated with multiple neoplasia. CONCLUSIONS: The overall prevalence of colorectal neoplasia in asymptomatic average-risk Koreans at a community based hospital is comparable with that in a health care setting or university hospitals. Old age and male gender are associated with a higher risk of colorectal neoplasia and having multiple neoplasia.
Colonic Neoplasms ; Colonoscopy ; Colorectal Neoplasms ; Delivery of Health Care ; Female ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Korea ; Male ; Mass Screening ; Prevalence

BACKGROUND AND SIGNIFICANCE: Frontotemporal dementia is a behavioral disorder arising from nonAlzheimer's disease atrophy of frontal and anterior temporal lobe. Clinical manifestations include frontal lobe dysfunction. Kluver-Bucy syndrome or progressive language impairments. Two types of histological change underline, the atrophy. The commoner pathology is nerve cell loss and spongiform change with astrocytic gliosis. The second one is typical Pick-type histology characterized by intraneuronal inclusion body and astrocytic gliosis. We report a case with biopsy proved Pick's disease presenting with progressive nonfluent speech. CASE: A 41-years, old right-handed woman developed progressive language impairment over a period of 6 months. Brain MRI revealed asymmetric frontotemporal cortical atrophy more severe on the left side and 18F-FDG-brain, PET showed hypometabolism in the same area. Neuropsychological test including Korean version-Western Aphasia Battery revealed non-fluent speech as well as frontal lobe, dysfunction. A biopsy from left frontal lobe, demonstrate neuronal loss and diffuse astrogliosis. In the cytoplasm of remaining neurons are eosinophilic inclusion bodies which are neurofilament-positive with immunostaining. Senile plaque, neurofibrillary tangle and cortical Lewy body were absent. COMMENT: We report a case presenting with progressive nonfluent speech whose imaging and pathological findings are compatible with Pick's disease, which may be the first biopsy proven case in Korea.
Aphasia ; Atrophy ; Biopsy ; Brain ; Cytoplasm ; Eosinophils ; Female ; Frontal Lobe ; Frontotemporal Dementia ; Gliosis ; Humans ; Inclusion Bodies ; Kluver-Bucy Syndrome ; Korea ; Lewy Bodies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Neurofibrillary Tangles ; Neurons ; Neuropsychological Tests ; Pathology ; Pick Disease of the Brain* ; Plaque, Amyloid ; Temporal Lobe

Acute infection increases disease activity in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus(SLE) and causes life threatening complication such as acute renal failure or ischemic bowel disease. We here report a case of acute renal failure and ischemic bowel disease complicated by acute pyelonephritis in a patient with SLE. A 19-year-old woman was admitted for high fever and right flank pain. Urine examination revealed acute pyelonephritis. Thrombocytopenia, proteinuria, positive antinuclear antibody and anti-dsDNA, false positive VDRL confirmed SLE. The pyelonephritis improved with antibiotic treatment, but oliguria and abdominal pain and ascites newly developed. Kidney biopsy and abdominal computed tomography revealed lupus nephritis type IV and ischemic bowel disease, respectively. After methylprednisolone and cyclophosphamide treatment, the patient improved.
Abdominal Pain ; Acute Kidney Injury* ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Ascites ; Biopsy ; Cyclophosphamide ; Female ; Fever ; Flank Pain ; Humans ; Kidney ; Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic* ; Lupus Nephritis ; Methylprednisolone ; Oliguria ; Proteinuria ; Pyelonephritis* ; Thrombocytopenia ; Young Adult

Biliary complications after liver transplantation occur in 13~35% of patients. Biliary cast syndrome, cast formation of biliary sludge along the bile duct, can develop in 4~18% of liver transplant recipients, although the incidence rate is significantly decreasing due to the improvement of graft harvesting and preservation. It is very important that early diagnosis and effective management of biliary cast syndrome be performed when there is a bile duct stricture or dilatation associated with jaundice and cholangitis in the recipient after liver transplantation, due to the possibility of retransplantation and death of the patient from graft loss. We report a case of a biliary cast formed with suppurative cholangitis and extracted incidentally with a plastic biliary stent during an endoscopic procedure after cadaveric liver transplantation, in which the ERCP findings revealed a stricture at the anastomosis site of the common bile duct and cholangitis.
Bile ; Bile Ducts ; Cadaver ; Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Cholangitis* ; Common Bile Duct ; Constriction, Pathologic* ; Dilatation ; Early Diagnosis ; Humans ; Incidence ; Jaundice ; Liver Transplantation* ; Liver* ; Plastics ; Stents ; Superior Mesenteric Artery Syndrome* ; Transplantation ; Transplants

Here, we describe two dogs in which canine small intestinal submucosa (SIS) was implanted as a biomaterial scaffold during perineal herniorrhaphy. Both dogs had developed severe muscle weakness, unilaterally herniated rectal protrusions, and heart problems with potential anesthetic risks. Areas affected by the perineal hernia (PH) located between the internal obturator and external anal sphincter muscles were reconstructed with naive canine SIS sheets. In 12 months, post-operative complications such as wound infections, sciatic paralysis, rectal prolapse, or recurrence of the hernia were not observed. Symptoms of defecatory tenesmus also improved. Neither case showed any signs of rejection or specific immune responses as determined by complete and differential cell counts. Our findings demonstrate that canine SIS can be used as a biomaterial scaffold for PH repair in dogs.
Animals ; Biocompatible Materials ; Dog Diseases/*surgery ; Dogs ; Hernia, Abdominal/surgery/*veterinary ; Herniorrhaphy/veterinary ; Intestinal Mucosa/*transplantation ; Intestine, Small/*transplantation ; Male ; Perineum/surgery ; Postoperative Complications/veterinary ; Transplantation, Homologous/veterinary

Immunoglobulin (Ig) D multiple myeloma (MM) accounts for 2% of all MM cases and has been reported to be associated with poor prognosis compared with other MM subtypes. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of high-dose melphalan treatment and autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) on the survival of patients with IgD MM and patients with other MM subtypes. Between November 1998 and January 2005, a total of 77 patients with MM who underwent ASCT at the Asan Medical Center were enrolled in this study. High-dose melphalan (total 200 mg/m2) was used as high-dose chemotherapy. The study population was divided into two groups based on MM subtype: those with IgD MM; and those with other MM subtypes. A total of 8 patients with IgD MM were identified, accounting for about 10% of the study population. Thirty-six patients (47%) had IgG MM, 17 patients (22%) had IgA MM, and 16 patients (20%) had free light-chain MM. The two groups were similar in baseline characteristics. The median follow-up was 17 months and the median overall survival (OS) was 39 months. In the IgD MM group, median eventfree survival (EFS) and OS were 6.9 and 12 months, respectively. In the patients with other MM subtypes, median EFS and OS were 11.5 and 55.5 months (p=0.01, p<0.01), respectively. Multivariate analysis of all patients identified IgD subtype (p=0.002) and Southwest Oncology Group (SWOG) stage 2 or greater at the time of ASCT (p=0.01) as adverse prognostic factors for survival. In this small study at a single center in Korea, patients with IgD MM had poorer outcomes after ASCT than did patients with other MM subtypes.
Adult ; Aged ; Female ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin D/*chemistry ; Male ; Melphalan/*pharmacology ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma/*drug therapy/genetics/*immunology ; Myeloablative Agonists/*pharmacology ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Stem Cell Transplantation/*methods ; Transplantation, Autologous ; Treatment Outcome

Although gastrointestinal manifestations are very common in patients with Henoch-Sch nlein purpura, protein losing enteropathy is a rare complication. We here report a case of protein losing enteropathy in a patient with Henoch-Sch nlein purpura. A 52-year old woman presented with lower abdominal pain, purpura and edema on lower extremity. Serum albumin was 1.9g/dL and 24 hour urine protein was 4.7g/ day. Skin and kidney biopsy revealed leukocytoclastic vasculitis and mesangial proliferative glomerulonephritis consistent with Henoch-Sch nlein purpura, respectively. Colonoscopy showed diffuse mucosal erosion at right colon. 99mTc-human serum albumin scintigraphy and fecal alpha-1-antitrypsin clearance confirmed protein losing enteropathy. The protein losing enteropathy improved with steroid treatment.
Abdominal Pain ; Biopsy ; Colon ; Colonoscopy ; Edema ; Female ; Glomerulonephritis ; Humans ; Hypoalbuminemia ; Kidney ; Lower Extremity ; Middle Aged ; Protein-Losing Enteropathies* ; Purpura* ; Radionuclide Imaging ; Serum Albumin ; Skin ; Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin ; Vasculitis