The antimicrobial agents reduced infectious diseases significantly. However, antibiotic resistance has followed for almost every antimicrobial agent. Especially, Staphylococcus aureus was one of the most notorious for the multidrug resistance. Streptomyces sp. 681 has been selected for antibiotic-producing strain against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from 1,000 strains of Actinomycetales which had been isolated from soil. In antimicrobial susceptibility test, all of the test strains were susceptible to vancomycin. However, most strains of Staphylococcus aureus were found to be resistant to methicillin. Ninety eight (75%) strains out of 129 strains showed multiple resistance pattern to more than 5 antimicrobial agents. The MIC values of the purified antibiotic (K-681) were 1-32 ug/ml against Gram-positive bacteria compared to >128 ug/ml against Grarn-negative bacteria or fungi. The MIC was 8 ug/ml for 90% of the 129 clinical isolates of S. aureus. The antibiotic showed no cytotoxicity against P 388, HeLa, and S180 at the concentration of 500 ug/ml.
Actinomycetales ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Bacteria ; Communicable Diseases ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Fungi ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Methicillin ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Soil ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus* ; Streptomyces* ; Vancomycin

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of biofeedback exercise training on muscle activity and activities of daily livings (ADL) in hemiplegic patients. An experimental group consisting of 17 people, was given biofeedback exercise training for 30- 60 minutes per week for 5 weeks, while a control group consisting of 18 people, was given normal exercise with quasi-experimental design. RESULT: The results of the study show that biofeedback exercise is effective for improving muscle activity in hemiplegic patients, especially in the hemiplegic limbs. However, this study found no significant differences in ADL and IADL between the experimental and the control groups. It implies that ADL and IADL may not be improved for a short period of time, such as 5 weeks, for people with more than five years of hemiplegia. The study suggests that the effect of biofeedback exercise on ADL and IADL should be determined in hemiplegic patients in acute stage.
Activities of Daily Living ; Biofeedback, Psychology* ; Extremities ; Hemiplegia ; Humans ; Muscle Strength ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Stroke*

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Many dental clinicians are concerned about immediate loading of inserted implants. However, there have been few clinical studies surveying the success rates of immediate loading, based on Korean implant systems. PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the outcome of immediate functional loading of the implant (SinusQuick(TM) EB, Neobiotech Co., Seoul, Korea) in partially edentulous maxilla or mandible. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Total 15 implants were placed. Within 2 weeks after implant insertion, provisional implant-supported fixed partial dentures were delivered to the patients. Quantitatively, marginal bone loss was measured at the time of immediate loading, after 3-months of continued loading and at the last follow-up. The mean follow-up period was 4.8 months. RESULTS: Mean marginal bone loss from implant surgery to early loading, 3-months follow-up and last follow-up was 0.03 +/- 0.07 mm, 0.16 +/- 0.17 mm and 0.29 +/- 0.19 mm. No implant failed up to 6 months after insertion, resulting in a 100% survival rate. CONCLUSION: Immediate loading exhibited high success rate in partial edentulism for up to 6 months. Well-controlled long term clinical studies with large sample size are necessary to confirm this finding.
Dental Implants ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Mandible ; Maxilla ; Prospective Studies ; Sample Size ; Survival Rate

We calculated the age specific Proportionate Morbidity Ratio(PMR)' for different areas as the outcome index by using the national cancer registry data(1988 1991) to assess the patterns of stomach cancer and bladder cancer. Also, we calculated 'Manufacturing workers Concentration Index(MCI)' for different areas as the exposure index by using the census data reported in 1980 to assess the relationship between cancer site specific PMRs and MCIs. As a result, we found the significant correlation(r=0.61, p=0.002) between the bladder cancer in the age of 40s and the industrial exposure indicator. Future analytic studies should be fruitful in identifying more occupational risk factors for bladder cancer. Investigation of cancer incidence including geographic variations and difference by age may identify patterns suggesting occupational exposures.
Adult* ; Censuses ; Fruit ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea* ; Male* ; Occupational Exposure* ; Risk Factors ; Stomach Neoplasms ; Urinary Bladder Neoplasms* ; Urinary Bladder*

No abstract available.
Apolipoproteins* ; Genotype* ; Humans ; Myocardial Infarction*

Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor is a neoplasm that most often arises in anatomically discernible peripheral nerves or neurofibroma. A 37-year-old woman presented with a rapid growing pedunculated, huge mass on the left breast for 1 month. She has suffered from neurofibromatosis type 1 with multiple cafe au lait spots and neurofibromas. The huge mass has developed from a subcutaneous nodule on the left breast. The clinical and histopathological data showed a malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor. Since no sign of the metastasis was observed, local excision was performed. We, herein, report a case of malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumor developed in the patient of nurofibromatosis type 1.
Adult ; Breast ; Cafe-au-Lait Spots ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Neurofibroma ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Peripheral Nerves*

Fasciola hepatica is a parasite of cattle, sheep and other herbivorous mammals and lives in the bile ducts and occasionally liver parenchyma. Fasioliasis is characterized by hyperplasia or proliferation of the biliary epithelium, dilatation of biliary passages, leukocyte infiltration and periductal fibrosis. Man is thought to be infected incidentally. Numerous cases of hepatic fasioliasis have been reported in the medical litherature. In Korea, about 10 cases of human infection has been recorded in the literature. We report a case of biliary fascioliasis diagnosed by percutaneous cholangioscopy.
Animals ; Bile Ducts ; Cattle ; Dilatation ; Epithelium ; Fasciola hepatica ; Fascioliasis* ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Korea ; Leukocytes ; Liver ; Mammals ; Parasites ; Sheep

PURPOSE: To determine the factors related to the clinical outcome of acute endophthalmitis after cataract surgery. METHODS: Authors performed a retrospective study of 65 eyes of 65 patients who had been treated for endophthalmitis from 2001 to 2006 at our hospital. We analyzed the relationship between final visual outcomes and prognostic factors. RESULTS: Final visual acuities were 0.5 or better in 49.2% of all eyes. Of 57 eyes, 29 eyes (50.8%) were culture positive. Staphylococcus epidermidis and Streptococcus pneumoniae were the most common organisms isolated. Cases with baseline acuity of counting fingers or better, cases with culture-negative or gram-positive infection, and cases not requiring vitrectomy had better prognoses. CONCLUSIONS: Baseline visual acuity, type of cultured organism, and method of treatment are significantly related to visual prognosis.
Cataract ; Endophthalmitis ; Eye ; Fingers ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Staphylococcus epidermidis ; Streptococcus pneumoniae ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to analyse researches on nursing intervention for elderly health promotion. METHOD: A literature review of 38 researches was carried out using guidelines developed by the present researchers. RESULT: The research papers studied in this research were theses written for doctoral or master's degree and published between 1994 to 2004. These researches applied nursing intervention for health promotion of elders and used experimental study design. The average period of nursing intervention was about 9 weeks and the average frequency was three times per week. As for major characteristics of subject groups, most of them were over 65 years old (76.3%) and resided in community (65.8%), and each group consisted of 10 to 29 elders. The dependent variables used in these studies included physiological variables (blood pressure, blood cholesterol level, pulmonary function, fasting blood sugar, blood cortisol level, body mass etc.), psychologic variables (depression, quality of life, life satisfaction, loneliness, anxiety etc.), cognitive variables (perceived benefits, perceived barriers, self-efficacy, self-concept, subjective health status etc.), activities of daily livings, health promotion behavior, pain, risks of fall, and variables related to Trans Theoretical Model. The majority of these studies (78.9%) applied exercise programs for health promotion including exercise motivating programs (15.8%). CONCLUSION: We suggest that more various nursing interventions must be applied to promote elders' health and to take care of their chronic diseases.
Aged* ; Anxiety ; Blood Glucose ; Blood Pressure ; Cholesterol ; Chronic Disease ; Fasting ; Health Promotion* ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone ; Loneliness ; Models, Theoretical ; Nursing* ; Quality of Life

BACKGROUND: Many infections are associated with antiphospholipid antibodies (aPLs). The purpose of this study was to investigate the prevalence, persistence, clinical significance, and characteristics of aPLs in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-infected patients. METHODS: This study included 143 patients with HBV infection and 32 healthy individuals as controls. The presence of anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL Ab), anti-beta2-glycoprotein I antibodies (beta2GPI Ab), and lupus anticoagulant (LA) was assessed. RESULTS: The total prevalence of aPLs in HBV-infected patients was 12.6% (18 of 143). Of these 18 patients, 15 had low to medium titers of aCL Ab (10 with IgM, 4 with IgG, and 1 with both isotypes). beta2GPI Ab and LA were detected in 3 (2.1%) and 2 (1.4%) patients with HBV infection, respectively. In follow-up specimens from 14 patients with elevated levels of aCL Ab or beta2GPI Ab, 10 (71.4%) showed the persistent presence of aPLs. No clinical manifestations related to aPLs were identified. CONCLUSION: In HBV-infected patients, the most frequently detected antiphospholipid antibodies were IgM aCL Ab, which have a weak association with the clinical manifestations of APS. Unlike the transient presence reported for other infection-associated aPLs, most aPLs were persistently detected over a 12-week period in patients with HBV infection.
Antibodies ; Antibodies, Anticardiolipin ; Antibodies, Antiphospholipid ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hepatitis B virus ; Hepatitis B, Chronic ; Hepatitis, Chronic ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G ; Immunoglobulin M ; Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor ; Prevalence