Injuries to the acromioclavicular joint are usually the result of force applied downward to the acromoion. Surgery treatment modalities for grade IU complete acromioclavicular dislocation are extremely varied and usually successful. 13 cases of complete acromioclavicular dislocation were operated by techniuqe of Kirschner wire with tension-band wiring at Wonju Christian Hospital from June 1984 to Oct. 1985. And they had been followed for average 17.8 months and following results were obtained. l. Of the 13 cases, male was 8 cases(61%) and female was 5 cases(39%) . 2. The most common cause of injury was traffic accident. Nexts were fall down, slip down and direct blow. 3. Results were evaluated by using Weaver and Dunn criteria, 12 cases(92.3%) were good and 1 case was fair but this technique involved a more extensive implant removal that required general anesthesia. Therefore, AO tension-band wiring is thought useful operative method in the treatment of acromioclavicular dislocation.
Accidents, Traffic ; Acromioclavicular Joint ; Anesthesia, General ; Dislocations ; Female ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Male ; Methods

Galeazzis frature has been described as a fracture of the radius complicated by a dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint. This fracture, with angulation of the distal radius and dislocation of the distal radioulnar joint, shows the tendency to redisplacement after reduction due to a variety of factors including the brachioradialis muscle, the pronator quadratus muscle and the thumb abductors and extensors. Because of these factors, this fracture may rarely be treated by manipulation and plaster immobilization alone. The treatment of choice for Galeazzis fracture is open reduction and internal fixation. The author reviewed the cases of 28 patients with Galeazzis fracture who had been treated at the Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicie from January 1978 to December 1986. This study emphasized the nature of the injury, the level of the radial fracture, treatment and results. The results were as follows ; 1. The subjects included 2 children and 26 adults. Males were affected more frequently than females, and the sex ratio was 6: 1 2. The causes of injury included car accidents in ten cases(36%), falls in eight cases(29%), injuries from machinery in five cases(18%), direct blows in four cases(14%) and explosion in one case(3%). 3. The fracture occured most often at the junction of the middle and distal thirds of the radial shaft in thirteen cases(47%), and less often in the middle third of the radial shat, eitht cases(29%). Infrequent sites of fracture included the junction of the proximal and middle thirds in four cases(14%), the distal third in two cases(7%) and the proximal third of the radius in one case(3%). 4. Twenty-two cases(78%) experienced fracture composed of only two fragmented, but six cases(22%) were multifragment fractures. The frature was oblique and in one case, spiral. In twenty-two cases, the fractures were closed and in six cases, open. Three cases of open fractures had grade III soft tissue injuries. 5. Roentgenograpghic diagnosis of the distal radioulnar joint disruption was possible in 82% of the cases. 6. Associated injuries were noted in 57% of the cases including six cases of head injuries, four cases of head injuries, two cases of injury to the lower extremities, two cases of spinal injury, one cases of a fractured humerus. 7. Conservative treatment was given in five cases and operative treatment twenty-two cases. Conservative treatment gave excellent results in one case, fair results in two cases, while operative treatment resulted in an excellent outcome in thirteen cases, a fair outcome in eight cases and poor in one case. 8. Six cases experienced complications including delayed union in two cases, subluxation of the distal radioulnar joint in two cases, ahgulation in one case and infection in one case.
Accidental Falls ; Adult ; Child ; Clinical Study ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Diagnosis ; Dislocations ; Explosions ; Female ; Fractures, Open ; Gangwon-do ; Humans ; Humerus ; Immobilization ; Joints ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Orthopedics ; Radius ; Sex Ratio ; Soft Tissue Injuries ; Spinal Injuries ; Thumb

This study was conducted to find out an appropriate means for preventing the juvenile delinquency (JD), which is supposed to be greatly realted to family environment. The data were collected through a questionnaire survey with a means of writing by themself, to 257 middle and high school students and 309 juvenile delinquents who were in confinement. The questionnaire was consisted of 27 items of juvenile delinquencies, 15 questions about personal environment in their period of childhood, 36 questions on their home atmosphere, 25 items with regard to their parental behavior to their children in the rearing of them. The extent of delinquency was calculated by summing the numbers of experienced delinquencies of the listed items. The study subjects were divided into two groups; student group (SG) and juvenile delinquent group (JDG) and the collected data were analyzed with the extent of delinquency in each group by SPSS/PC+statistical package. The extent of JD was increased as the study subjects grew older, defective families were more common, total family income was more poor, parents' educational level was lower, personal expenses were higher and the conflicts between parents were more high in JDG as compared with of SG. The differences were statistically significant. As long as the extent of delinquency is concerned, delimquent points of JDG were significantly higher as compared with that of SG in all items except one item, below the primary school item in fathers' educational level. (In order to prevent JD in our country, it is recommended that educational level and the living standared of the lower class people should be raised, the sound families which do have less conflictsshould be established as much as possible, the present educational system which is making much conflicts between parents and their offsprings should be changed so that their given temperament would be brought up to the highest level, defective families should be reduced as much as possible and adults should not do actions that are considered not to be done by youngsters and must set a good example.)
Adult ; Atmosphere ; Child ; Humans ; Juvenile Delinquency* ; Parents ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Temperament ; Writing

Catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy associated with neuroblastoma is rarely reported. We report a case of catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy associated with neuroblastoma in a 33-month-old female that was treated with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). She was tentatively diagnosed with acute myocarditis and presented with hypertension. Because of rapid patient deterioration despite pharmacological treatments, ECMO was applied. ECMO can be helpful in cases of catecholamine-induced cardiomyopathy associated with neuroblastoma.
Cardiomyopathies* ; Catecholamines ; Child, Preschool ; Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation* ; Female ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Myocarditis ; Neuroblastoma*

Conjoined twins occur when there is imcomplete fission of the inner cell mass later at approximately 13 to 15 days after fertilization. The earlist case in the literat.ure appears to be that of the Biddenden Maids who were born in England in 1100. since then over two hundred cases of successful separation were reported on literature. And also successful separation cases were reported by Seung et al.(1991) in Korea. Conjoined twins occur between one in 50,000 to 100,000 births but real incidence is one in 200,000 because two thirds are stillbirth or died immediately after birth. The conjoined twins are not associated with maternal age, race or family history and 70 % of them are females. We experienced a case of conjoined twins with omphalopagus and performed surgical separation. A brief review of related literatures was done.
Animals ; Continental Population Groups ; England ; Female ; Fertilization ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Maternal Age ; Murine Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; Parturition ; Stillbirth ; Twins, Conjoined*

A clinical observation was made on 38 patients with the suspicion of prostatic cancer in the department of urology, St. Mary's Hospital during the period from January, 1969 to December, 1978. The results are as follows. 1. The most prevalent age was from 60 to 69 (44.7%) 2. Among 38 cases of the transrectal needle biopsy, the adequate tissues for the histologic diagnosis were obtained in 34 cases. 3. Of 34 cases whose tissue were obtained adequately by the needle biopsy, 22 cases were diagnosed the malignancy of prostate. 4. Among 38 cases of the transrectal needle biopsy, the fever were developed in 4 cases and the rectal bleeding in one case.
Biopsy, Needle* ; Diagnosis ; Fever ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Needles* ; Prostate ; Prostatic Neoplasms ; Urology

The objective of this paper is to introduce the schematic protocol of radiofrequency (RF) ablation for the treatment of varicose veins. Indication: anatomic or pathophysiologic indication includes venous diameter within 2-20 mm, reflux time > or =0.5 seconds and distance from the skin > or =5 mm or subfascial location. Access: it is recommended to access at or above the knee joint for great saphenous vein and above the mid-calf for small saphenous vein. Catheter placement: the catheter tip should be placed 2.0 cm inferior to the saphenofemoral or saphenopopliteal junction. Endovenous heat-induced thrombosis > or =class III should be treated with low-molecular weight heparin. Tumescent solution: the composition of solution can be variable (e.g., 2% lidocaine 20 mL+500 mL normal saline+bicarbonate 2.5 mL with/without epinephrine). Infiltration can be done from each direction. Ablation: two cycles' ablation for the first proximal segment of saphenous vein and the segment with the incompetent perforators is recommended. The other segments should be ablated one time. During RF energy delivery, it is recommended to apply external compression. Concomitant procedure: It is recommended to do simultaneously ambulatory phlebectomy. For sclerotherapy, it is recommended to defer at least 2 weeks. Post-procedural management: post-procedural ambulation is encouraged to reduce the thrombotic complications. Compression stocking should be applied for at least 7 days. Minor daily activity is not limited, but strenuous activities should be avoided for 2 weeks. It is suggested to take showers after 24 hours and tub baths, swimming, or soaking in water after 2 weeks.
Baths ; Catheter Ablation* ; Catheters ; Consensus* ; Heparin ; Knee Joint ; Lidocaine ; Saphenous Vein ; Sclerotherapy ; Skin ; Stockings, Compression ; Swimming ; Thrombosis ; Varicose Veins* ; Walking

We performed erotic stimulation that in 63 patients with erectile dysfunction in order to investigate erectile responses to visual sexual stimulation in patients with psychogenic and organic impotence and to elucidate valuable parameters for differential diagnosis between psychogenic and organic impotence. After the test using polygraph system and erotic film, subjective sexual drive in each patient was evaluated as grade I (poor), grade II (moderate), grade III (good). Following parameters were statistically analyzed : degree of maximal rigidity, degree of maximal tumescence, T -up phase (time taking place from the beginning of the erection to maximal level). The T-max phase (time taking place for the plateau phase of maximal erection). The results obtained were summarized as follows. Regardless of sexual drive of each patient, psychogenic impotence group showed better maximal rigidity and shorter T-up phase of rigidity than organic impotence group (p<0.05}. Of patients with psychogenic impotence, good sexual drive group showed better maximal rigidity and maximal tumescence than poor sexual drive group (p<0.06). Psychogenic impotence group showing good sexual drive revealed much better maximal rigidity and shorter T-up phase of rigidity than organic impotence group with same degree of sexual drive (p<0.05). These results indicate erotic stimulation test is highly valuable method for differential diagnosis between psychogenic and organic impotence, especially when the patient shows sexual drive in moderate or good degree. And it is suggested that maximal rigidigity and T-up phase of erection parameters in erotic stimulation test provide high validity for the differention.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Erectile Dysfunction* ; Humans ; Male

No abstract available.
Meningitis*

No abstract available.
Cryptococcosis*