1.A New Method of Measuring the Amount of Soft Tissue in Pulmonary Ground-Glass Opacity Nodules: a Phantom Study.
Kyung Won LEE ; Jung Gi IM ; Tae Jung KIM ; Chang Min DAE
Korean Journal of Radiology 2008;9(3):219-225
OBJECTIVE: To devise a new method to measure the amount of soft tissue in pulmonary ground-glass opacity nodules, and to compare the use of this method with a previous volumetric measurement method by use of a phantom study. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Phantom nodules were prepared with material from fixed normal swine lung. Forty nodules, each with a diameter of 10 mm, were made with a variable mean attenuation. The reference-standard amount of soft tissue in the nodules was obtained by dividing the weight by the specific gravity. The imaging data on the phantom nodules were acquired with the use of a 16-channel multidetector CT scanner. The CT-measured amount of soft tissue of the nodules was calculated as follows: soft tissue amount = volume x (1 + mean attenuation value / 1,000). The relative percentage error (RPE) between the CT-measured amount of the soft tissue and the reference-standard amount of the soft tissue was also measured. The RPEs determined with use of the new method were compared with the RPEs determined with the current volumetric measurement method by the use of the paired t test. RESULTS: The CT-measured amount of soft tissue showed a strong correlation with the reference-standard amount of soft tissue (R(2) = 0.996, p < 0.01). The mean RPE of the CT-measured amount of soft tissue in the nodules was -7.79 +/- 1.88%. The mean RPE of the CT-measured volume was 114.78 +/- 51.02%, which was significantly greater than the RPE of the CT-measured amount of soft tissue (p < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The amount of soft tissue measured by the use of CT reflects the reference-standard amount of soft tissue in the ground-glass opacity nodules much more accurately than does the use of the CT-measured volume.
Animals
;
Lung Neoplasms/*radiography
;
Phantoms, Imaging
;
Reference Standards
;
Swine
;
*Tomography, X-Ray Computed
2.A Case of Neuro-Behcet's Disease Presenting as Anterograde Amnesia.
Jung Hwa SEO ; Go Un YUN ; Min Jeong PARK ; Kyung Won PARK ; Jae Woo KIM
Journal of the Korean Neurological Association 2006;24(4):367-371
Anterograde amnesia in Behcet's disease is a rare occurrence. A 50-year-old man presented with anterograde amnesia. He had been suffering multiple oral aphthous ulcers and genital ulcers with erythema nodosum. A neurological examination revealed prominent anterograde memory disturbance. Brain MRI revealed high signal intensity lesions involving the anterior thalamus, posterior part of the basal ganglia and the mesial temporal lobe. We report a rare case of Behcet's disease manifesting severe anterograde amnesia resulting from thalamic and mesial temporal lesions.
Amnesia, Anterograde*
;
Basal Ganglia
;
Brain
;
Erythema Nodosum
;
Humans
;
Magnetic Resonance Imaging
;
Memory
;
Middle Aged
;
Neurologic Examination
;
Stomatitis, Aphthous
;
Temporal Lobe
;
Thalamus
;
Ulcer
3.Delayed Onset of Acute Limb Compartment Syndrome With Neuropathy After Venoarterial Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation Therapy.
Jin Young GO ; Yu Sun MIN ; Tae Du JUNG
Annals of Rehabilitation Medicine 2014;38(4):575-580
Acute limb compartment syndrome (ALCS) is defined as compound symptoms resulting from poor oxygenation and decreased nutrition supply to muscles and nerves in a tightly confined compartment. The most common cause of ALCS is tibia fracture, followed by blunt trauma to soft tissue. However, non-traumatic causes are rare. We report an iatrogenic, non-traumatic ALCS case after venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygen (VA-ECMO) therapy. A 14-year-old male received VA-ECMO therapy due to cardiorespiratory failure after drowning. Although he had no symptoms during therapy, leg swelling appeared 10 hours after ECMO treatment. Two days after the leg swelling, the patient underwent a fasciotomy. Unfortunately, nerve conduction studies and electromyography showed multiple neuropathies in the lower leg. Despite 2 weeks of rehabilitation with electrical stimulation, an exercise program, and physical therapy, there was no definite change in muscle strength. To our knowledge, this is the first reported case of non-traumatic ALCS after VA-ECMO therapy in Korea.
Adolescent
;
Anterior Compartment Syndrome
;
Compartment Syndromes*
;
Drowning
;
Electric Stimulation
;
Electromyography
;
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation*
;
Extremities*
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Leg
;
Male
;
Membranes
;
Muscle Strength
;
Muscles
;
Neural Conduction
;
Oxygen
;
Rehabilitation
;
Tibia
4.A Case of Carcinoid Tumor in Middle Ear Presenting with Facial Paralysis.
Kyung Hyun MIN ; Jai Hyang GO ; Jae Yun JUNG ; Bong Jik KIM
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2014;57(9):630-633
The carcinoid tumors of middle ear are very rare, however, more than 50 cases including 2 cases in Korea have been reported since 1980. A 36-year-old male had been managed under the diagnostic impression of hemotympanum due to head trauma in 2005; he revisited our clinic after 8 years with sudden facial paralysis and external auditory canal mass. Canal wall down mastoidectomy and tympanoplasty were performed and pathologic results revealed a carcinoid tumor of the middle ear. A facial paralysis of this patient was cured after the treatment.
Adult
;
Carcinoid Tumor*
;
Craniocerebral Trauma
;
Ear Canal
;
Ear, Middle*
;
Facial Paralysis*
;
Humans
;
Korea
;
Male
;
Tympanoplasty
5.Effect of Systemic Steroid on the Expression of TGF-beta and IL-10 in Nasal Polyps.
Seung Sin LEE ; Young Min GO ; Jung Ho BAE ; Keun Kyung CHO
Korean Journal of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery 2007;50(6):501-507
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Etiology and pathogenesis of nasal polyps are still not fully understood. Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) and interleukin-10 (IL-10) are important cytokines for nasal polyp formation and immunomodulation. This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of systemic steroid, which is the most potent medications used for the treatment of nasal polyposis, on the expression of TGF-beta and IL-10 in nasal polyps. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: According to the status of steroid treatment, the polyps (n=22) removed during an endoscopic sinus surgery were divided into treatment or control groups. For treatment group, 30 mg of prednisolone per day was administered preoperatively for seven days. Eosinophil infiltration, expression and concentration of TGF-beta1 and IL-10 in nasal polyps were analyzed. RESULTS: Although there was no statistical significance, the infiltration of eosinophils decreased in the treatment group. In the immunohistochemical study, the expression of TGF-beta1 decreased in the epithelial layer of the treatment group compared with that of the control group (p=0.043). Expression of IL-10 increased in the stromal layer of the treatment group compared with that of the control group (p=0.008). TGF-beta1 concentration measured by ELISA showed no differences between each group. IL-10 concentration increased in the treatment group (p=0.021). CONCLUSION: These findings suggest that systemic steroid may exert a beneficial effect on nasal polyp treatment by at least following two mechanisms : the suppression of epithelial differentiation and proliferation, and squamous metaplasia through the down regulation of TGF-beta, and the down regulation of inflammatory responses by increasing IL-10.
Cytokines
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Down-Regulation
;
Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay
;
Eosinophils
;
Immunomodulation
;
Interleukin-10*
;
Metaplasia
;
Nasal Polyps*
;
Polyps
;
Prednisolone
;
Transforming Growth Factor beta*
;
Transforming Growth Factor beta1
6.Association of Common Vitamin D Receptor Gene Variations with Fracture Risk and Bone Mineral Density in Postmenopausal Korean Population.
Joo Yeon HWANG ; Seung Hun LEE ; Ghi Su KIM ; Jung Min KOH ; Min Jin GO ; Tae Ho KIM ; Jung Min HONG ; Eui Kyun PARK ; Shin Yoon KIM ; Jong Young LEE
Genomics & Informatics 2009;7(1):13-19
Osteoporosis is characterized by impaired osteogenesis. BMD is a major determinant of bone strength. The role of the VDR gene in predisposition to primary osteoporosis has been recognized. However, population-based case-control studies have been reported controversial results for known candidate genes in an ethnically distinct group. To determine the genetic effects of VDR variants on osteoporosis and BMD, we directly sequenced the VDR gene in 24 unrelated Korean individuals and identified eighteen sequence variants. We investigated the potential involvement of eight SNPs in osteoporosis in postmenopausal women (n = 729). Two SNPs (LD) in intron 2, -5294G > C (rs2238135) and -4817G > A (rs17882443) showed the evidence of association with enhanced BMD of the femoral neck (p(additive) =0.031 for rs2238135; p(additive)=0.017 and p(dominant)= 0.019 for 17882443). Moreover, VDR -4817G > A was significantly associated with protective effect on all fracture risk (p(recessive)=0.035, OR=0.2, 95% CI=0.05~0.89), and tended to be higher BMD values at various proximal femur sites. Therefore, we suggest that the -4817G > A may be useful genetic marker for vitamin D-related metabolism and may have an important role in the increased BMD of the proximal femur in postmenopausal Korean women.
Bone Density
;
Case-Control Studies
;
Female
;
Femur
;
Femur Neck
;
Genetic Markers
;
Humans
;
Introns
;
Osteogenesis
;
Osteoporosis
;
Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
;
Receptors, Calcitriol
;
Vitamin D
;
Vitamins
7.Anti-inflammatory effects of Nelumbo leaf extracts and identification of their metabolites.
Eunkyo PARK ; Gyoung Deuck KIM ; Min Sun GO ; Dodan KWON ; In Kyung JUNG ; Joong Hyuck AUH ; Jung Hyun KIM
Nutrition Research and Practice 2017;11(4):265-274
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: Nelumbo leaves have been used in traditional medicine to treat bleeding, gastritis, hemorrhoids, and halitosis. However, their mechanisms have not been elucidated. MATERIALS/METHODS: The present study prepared two Nelumbo leaf extracts (NLEs) using water or 50% ethanol. Inflammatory response was induced with LPS treatment, and expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin (IL)-1β, and IL-6 and nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E₂ (PGE₂) productions were assessed. To determine the anti-inflammatory mechanism of NLEs, we measured nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) activity. Major metabolites of NLEs were also analyzed and quantified. RESULTS: NLEs effectively reduced the expression and productions of pro-inflammatory mediators such as IL-1β, IL-6, TNF-α, PGE₂, and NO. NLEs also reduced NF-κB activity by inhibiting inhibitor of NF-κB phosphorylation. Both extracts contained catechin and quercetin, bioactive compounds of NLEs. CONCLUSIONS: In this study, we showed that NLEs could be used to inhibit NF-κB-mediated inflammatory responses. In addition, our data support the idea that NLEs can ameliorate disease conditions involving chronic inflammation.
Catechin
;
Cyclooxygenase 2
;
Dinoprostone
;
Ethanol
;
Gastritis
;
Halitosis
;
Hemorrhage
;
Hemorrhoids
;
Inflammation
;
Interleukin-6
;
Interleukins
;
Macrophages
;
Medicine, Traditional
;
Metabolomics
;
Necrosis
;
Nelumbo*
;
Nitric Oxide
;
Nitric Oxide Synthase
;
Phosphorylation
;
Quercetin
;
Water
8.Identification of DNA Methylation Markers for NSCLC Using Hpall-Mspl Methylation Microarray.
Mi Hye KWON ; Go Eun LEE ; Sun Jung KWON ; Eugene CHOI ; Moon Jun NA ; Hyun Min CHO ; Young Jin KIM ; Hye Jung SUL ; Young Jun CHO ; Ji Woong SON
Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases 2008;65(6):495-503
BACKGROUND: Epigenetic alterations in certain genes are now known as at least important as genetic mutation in pathogenesis of cancer. Especially abnormal hypermethylation in or near promoter region of tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) are known to result in gene silencing and loss of gene function eventually. The authors tried to search for new lung cancer-specific TSGs which have CpG islands and HpaII sites, and are thought to be involved in carcinogenesis by epigenetic mechanism. METHODS: Tumor tissue and corresponding adjacent normal tissue were obtained from 10 patients who diagnosed with non small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and underwent surgery in Konyang university hospital in 2005. Methylation profiles of promoter region of 21 genes in tumor tissue & non-tumor tissue were examined with HpaII-MspI methylation microarray (Methyl-Scan DNA chip(R), Genomic tree, Inc, South Korea). The rates of hypermethylation were compared in tumor and non-tumor group, and as a normal control, we obtained lung tissue from two young patients with pneumothorax during bullectomies, methylation profiles were examined in the same way. RESULTS: Among the 21 genes, 10 genes were commonly methylated in tumor, non-tumor, and control group. The 6 genes of APC, AR, RAR-b, HTR1B, EPHA3, and CFTR, among the rest of 11 genes were not methylated in control, and more frequently hypermethylated in tumor tissue than non-tumor tissue. CONCLUSION: In the present study, HTR1B, EPHA3, and CFTR are suggested as possible novel TSGs of NSCLC by epigenetic mechanism.
Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung
;
CpG Islands
;
DNA
;
DNA Methylation
;
Epigenomics
;
Gene Silencing
;
Genes, Tumor Suppressor
;
Humans
;
Lung
;
Methylation
;
Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
;
Pneumothorax
;
Promoter Regions, Genetic
;
Small Cell Lung Carcinoma
9.A Case of Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia Involvement of the Terminal Ileum and Colon That Was Seen on Colonscopy as a Form of Lymphoid Hyperplasia.
Min JI LEE ; Hoon GO ; Yun Jung LEE ; Sung Hee JUNG ; Hyang Le LEE ; Hyeon Woong YANG ; An Na KIM ; Sang Woo CHA
Korean Journal of Gastrointestinal Endoscopy 2009;39(4):244-247
Follicular lymphoid hyperplasia is commonly seen when performing pediatric endoscopy. But in adults, these findings can imply an underlying gastrointestinal or systemic illness, besides the normal variant. On the other hand, colonic involvement of chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL) is seen in about 5% to 20% of autopsy cases. However, there have been few reports on the colonoscopic appearance that corresponds to colonic involvement by CLL, and the reported colonoscopic appearances have included polyps, ulcers, granularity, submucosal nodules, erythema, the red ring sign etc. We report here on a case of CLL neoplastic lymphocyte involvement of the terminal ileum and colon as a form of lymphoid hyperplasia, and this was seen when performing colonoscopy.
Adult
;
Autopsy
;
Colon
;
Colonoscopy
;
Endoscopy
;
Erythema
;
Hand
;
Humans
;
Hyperplasia
;
Ileum
;
Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell
;
Lymphocytes
;
Polyps
;
Ulcer
10.Alagille syndrome and a JAG1 mutation: 41 cases of experience at a single center.
Kyung Jin AHN ; Ja Kyoung YOON ; Gi Beom KIM ; Bo Sang KWON ; Jung Min GO ; Jin Su MOON ; Eun Jung BAE ; Chung Il NOH
Korean Journal of Pediatrics 2015;58(10):392-397
PURPOSE: Alagille syndrome is a complex hereditary disorder that is associated with cardiac, hepatic, skeletal, ocular, and facial abnormalities. Mutations in the Notch signaling pathway, such as in JAG1 and NOTCH2, play a key role in embryonic development. A cardiac or hepatic presentation is a critical factor for determining the prognosis. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of 41 patients with Alagille syndrome or a JAG1 mutation between 1983 and 2013. RESULTS: The first presentations were jaundice, murmur, cyanosis, and small bowel obstruction at a median age of 1.0 months (range, 0-24 months). The JAG1 mutation was found in 27 of the 28 genetically-tested patients. Cardiovascular anomalies were identified in 36 patients, chronic cholestasis was identified in 34, and liver transplantation was performed in 9. There was no significant correlation between the severity of the liver and cardiac diseases. The most common cardiovascular anomaly was peripheral pulmonary stenosis (83.3%), with 13 patients having significant hemodynamic derangement and 12 undergoing surgical repair. A total bilirubin level of >15 mg/dL with a complex surgical procedure increased the surgical mortality (P=0.022). Eight patients died after a median period of 2.67 years (range, 0.33-15 years). The groups with fetal presentation and with combined severe liver and heart disease had the poorest survival (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The group with combined severe liver and heart disease had the poorest survival, and a multidisciplinary approach is necessary to improve the outcome.
Alagille Syndrome*
;
Bilirubin
;
Cardiovascular Diseases
;
Cholestasis
;
Cyanosis
;
Embryonic Development
;
Female
;
Heart Diseases
;
Hemodynamics
;
Humans
;
Jaundice
;
Labor Presentation
;
Liver
;
Liver Transplantation
;
Mortality
;
Pregnancy
;
Prognosis
;
Pulmonary Valve Stenosis
;
Retrospective Studies