PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to compare perception of patient safety culture and safety care activities between university hospital nurses (group A) and small hospital nurses (group B). METHODS: Using a structured questionnaire, data were collected from 246 university hospital nurses and 223 small hospital nurses working in Seoul or Gyeonggi Province. Descriptive statistics, x 2-test, ANCOVA, t-test, ANOVA with the SPSS package were used for data analysis. RESULTS: Total score for perception of patient safety culture and 3 subcategories of perception of patient safety culture were statistically significantly higher for group B compared to group A. Operation room nursing, falls, and bed sore scores in patient safety care activities were statistically significantly higher for group A than for group B. CONCLUSION: The study findings suggest that the specific characteristics by size should be considered when developing effective patient safety culture in hospitals.
Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Nursing ; Patient Safety* ; Pressure Ulcer ; Safety Management ; Seoul ; Statistics as Topic

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatous disease of undetermined etiology and pathogenesis that involves the skin and many of the internal organs. It involves any organ of the body; how-ever, the most common sites are the lung, lymph node, skin, and eye. Psoriasiform eruption is a rare morphologic manifestation of sarcoidosis. We report herein a case of 36-year-old man with psoriasiform papules on the elbows, forearms and knees of 5-year duration. Histopathologic examination revealed sarcoid granuloma throughout the dermis. This is the second case of psoriasiform sarcoidosis in Korea.
Adult ; Dermis ; Elbow ; Forearm ; Granuloma ; Humans ; Knee ; Korea ; Lung ; Lymph Nodes ; Sarcoidosis* ; Skin

BACKGROUND: Labial pigmented lesions include labial melanotic macule, ephelids, lentigo, venous hemangioma, amalgam tattoo, junctional nevus, Peutz-Jeghers syndrome, Addison's disease, Laugier s disease, and superficial spreading melanoma. OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was aimed at investigating the clinical and histopathological characteristics of labial melanotic macule during the past 10 years. METHODS: Clinical information of 49 patients with pigmented lesion of the lips diagnosed in Asan Medical Center from 1989 to 1999 was obtained from the medical records and clinical follow-ups. We re-evaluated all the biopsy specimens obtained from the patients. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients with labial melanotic macule were enrolled in this study. There were 16 women and 10 men. Age at onset varied from 20 to 65 years in women and from 28 to 68 years in men. The duration of the lesion ranged from 4 months to 12 years (mean, 4.5 years). The majority of patients had solitary lesions on the lower lip. Histopathologic examination of biopsy specimens showed increased pigmentation of the basal layer, mild acanthosis without elongation of rete ridges, and scattered melanophages in the dermis. CONCLUSIONS: We suggest that labial pigmented lesions appearing in adults should be biopsied and labial melanotic macule should be diagnosed after the histopathological examination.
Addison Disease ; Adult ; Biopsy ; Chungcheongnam-do ; Dermis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Lentigo ; Lip ; Male ; Medical Records ; Melanoma ; Nevus ; Peutz-Jeghers Syndrome ; Pigmentation

Actinic granuloma (O'Brien) is an annular inflammatory reaction that develops in skin after long-term sun-exposure. Anetoderma is characterized by discrete skin lesions that appear to be loose and wrinkled. The primary type arises in clinically normal skin, and the secondary type appears in lesions of other disorders. We describe a case of anetoderma that developed on the neck, both arms and calves, and showed histopathological findings of actinic granuloma.
Actins* ; Anetoderma* ; Arm ; Granuloma ; Neck ; Skin

Fifty-four adenocarcinomas of stomach were investigated to assess the expression of p21 and p53 using an immunohistochemical method. The relationship between p21 and p53 expression and the clinicopathologic parameters were analysed. The staining pattern of p21/p53 were: p21+/p53+, p21-/p53+, p21+/p53-, and p21-/p53- in 30, 12, 8, and 4 cases, respectively. Loss of p21 expression was observed in 16 of 54 tumor tissues (29%). p21 expression, however, had an inverse correlation with vascular invasion and depth of tumor invasion. The p21 and p53 protein expression showed intratumoral heterogeneity. In 63% of the adenocarcinoma, a proportional relationship was found between p21 and p53 immunostaining. The present results suggest that p53 independent induction of p21 expression may be involved in the molecular mechanism of these tumors, and expression of p21 protein may be related to a favorable prognosis in gastric adenocarcinomas.
Adenocarcinoma* ; Immunohistochemistry ; Population Characteristics ; Prognosis ; Stomach

We describe a 38-year-old woman with an adenoma of anogenital mammary-like glands on the left labium major. Adenomas of anogenital mammary-like glands have been rarely reported with various nomenclatures in the English literature. The knowledge of this rare disease entity may be important to diagnose and treat the lesions arising on the anogenital areas.
Adenoma* ; Adult ; Female ; Humans ; Rare Diseases

Succinylcholine is a depolarizing neuromuscular blocking agent(NMB) and is used in induction of anesthesia. Succinylcholine-assisted endotracheal intubation has been routinely used in the operating room and rapid sequence incubation with NMB agent has been the method for airway management in emergency department(ED). Adverse effects of succinylcholine are hyperkalemia, malignant hyperthermia, transient hypotension, arrhythmia, and increased intracranial, intraocular and gastric pressure, etc. This study carried out the change of serum potassium as an adverse effects of succinylcholine during endotracheal intubation in ED. A prospective, noncontrolled design was used to study serial serum potassium levels in pre- and postendotracheal intubation(5min) from February 1996 to August 1996. Succinycholine was selectively used in patient with a problem of difficult endotracheal intubation (alert to drowsy mental status with intact gag reflex). The dose of succinylcholine was 1.5 mg/kg and injected into intravenous line during preoxygenation with bag-valve-mask device. Student's two-tailed t-test was used and p-value was < 0.05. Among the total of 48 patients(male 27, female 21), the postintubation level of the serum potassium of 25 patients were increased and those of 21 persons were decreased compared with preintubation level. Two patients showed no change in amount. The average serum potassium indicated 3.7+/-.8 mEq/L before the injection of the succinylcholine and 3.8+/-.9 mEq/L 5 minutes after its injection. P-value showed more than 0.05 and as the result statistically there was no noteworthy difference. All patients were intubated within 30 sec and no patients were failed. We concluded that succinylcholine-assisted endotracheal incubation is a rapid and safe method as an endotracheal incubation practiced in ED and succinylcholin-induced hyperkalemia is minimal and no adverse effect.
Airway Management ; Anesthesia ; Arrhythmias, Cardiac ; Emergencies* ; Emergency Service, Hospital* ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperkalemia ; Hypotension ; Intubation, Intratracheal* ; Malignant Hyperthermia ; Neuromuscular Blockade ; Operating Rooms ; Potassium* ; Prospective Studies ; Succinylcholine*

OBJECTIVE: The HPV vaccination target adolescents, and may be influenced by opinion of parents and other family member. For implementation of HPV vaccine, we measured knowledge of HPV infection and acceptability of vaccination among adults in Korea. METHODS: From August 2006 to November 2007, we provided a written questionnaire to females (above 19 years- olds) who visited Il-sin Christian hospital for prenatal care or gynecological examination. The questionnaire was built using elements of The Health Belief Model. We measured (1) awareness of HPV (2) perceived susceptibility (3) perceived seriousness (4) perceived benefit of vaccination (5) perceived barriers (6) cues to action. RESULTS: Total 975 females answered the questionnaire, and the mean age was 40 years. Only 23.8% knew the fact cervical cancer is related to HPV infection. 78.3% of respondents were willing to accept HPV vaccination after they understood HPV vaccination can prevent cervical cancer. Financial burden and possible side effect were barriers to vaccination. CONCLUSIONS: Despite of low awareness of HPV infection, most (78.3%) adults favored having HPV vaccination. But the vaccine was more likely to be accepted if it is recommended by a physician and reasonably priced.
Adolescent ; Adult ; Cues ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Female ; Gynecological Examination ; Humans ; Korea ; Papillomavirus Infections ; Parents ; Prenatal Care ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms ; Vaccination

PURPOSE: The aim of this study was to conduct a systematic review and to describe the characteristics of child abuse screening instruments. METHODS: Articles regarding the development of a child abuse screening instrument were investigated using the systematic review method. A literature search using the keywords "child and abuse or maltreatment and instrument or screening tool" in English, and "child," "abuse," and "instrument" in Korean, was conducted of material published in PubMed, PsycINFO, CINAHL, SCOPUS, ERIC, and RISS. Database and bibliographic searches, and quality appraisal using the Quality Assessment of Diagnostic Accuracy Studies tool that included systemic reviews, yielded 17 records. RESULTS: Key elementary child abuse screening instruments were developed for physical, psychiatric, affective and sexual and child neglect assessment. The instruments' target populations were children at home and in institutions. The reviewed instruments had the advantage of diagnosing past, concurrent, and indirectly, potential child abuse. CONCLUSION: The results of this study demonstrate that child abuse screening instruments are available for screening and for assessment of abused children in various circumstances. This review of child abuse screening instruments offers evidence for the acceptable use of optimal psychometric tools for child abuse assessment and provides guidelines for child health nursing practice.
Child ; Child Abuse* ; Child Health ; Child* ; Health Services Needs and Demand ; Humans ; Mass Screening* ; Methods ; Nursing ; Psychometrics

Nerve conduction studies help delineate the extent and distribution of the neural lesion. The nerve conduction was studied on upper (median, ulnar and radial nerves) and lower (personal, posterior tibial and sural nerves) extremities in 83 healthy subjects 23 to 66 years of age, and normal values were established (Table 1). The mean motor terminal latency (TL): median, 3.6 (±0.6) milliseconds; ulnar, 2.9 (±0.5) milliseconds; radial nerve, 2.3 (±0.4) milliseconds. Mean motor nerve conduction velocity (MNCV) along distal and proximal segments: median, 61.2 (±9.1) (W-E) and 57.8 (±13.2) (E-Ax) meters per second; ulnar, 63.7 (±9.1) (W-E) and 50.6 (±10.0) meters per second. Mean sensory nerve conduction velocity (SNCV): median, 34.7 (±6.7) (F-W), 63.7 (±7.1) (W-E) and 62.8 (±12.3) (E-Ax) meters per second; ulnar, 38.0 (±6.7) (F-W), 63.4 (±7.5) (W-E) and 57.0 (±10.1) (E-Ax) meters per second; radial, 45.3 (±6.8) (F-W) and 64.2 (±11.0) (W-E) meters per second; sural nerve, 43.4 (±6.1) meters per second. The amplitudes of action potential and H-reflex were also standardized. Mean H latency was 28.4 (±3.2) milliseconds. And, the fundamental principles, several factors altering the rate of nerve conduction and clinical application of nerve stimulation techniques were reviewed.
Action Potentials ; Adult* ; Extremities ; H-Reflex ; Healthy Volunteers ; Humans ; Neural Conduction* ; Radial Nerve ; Reference Values ; Sural Nerve