Hand tumorsare many and varied, although benign tumors are common. The pathology and histology of these tumors are not unlike these characteristics of the tumor when it occurs elsewhere. Early diagnosis and proper treatment of all hand tumors have been emphasized since the growth of tumors and pain can cause disturbance of intrinsic function of the hand. For the period of 10 years from 1977 to 1986, 105 cases of hand tumor were treated surgically and the results of clinical observation were as follows ; l. Among 105 cases, benign tumor was 101 cases(96.2%) Bone origin tumor was 20 cases, in which enchondroma and enchondromatosis were 17 cases(70%). Soft tissue origin tumor was 85 cases, in which ganglion was 54 cases(63.5%). 2. Among 105 cases, 42 cases were male and 63 cases were female. In age distribution, it showed even distribution. 3. In the duration of wymptom, 51 cases were below 1 year(48.6%). 4. The tumor occured 85 cases in soft tissue, 14 in phalanx, 7 in metacarpal and 1 in carpal bone. 5. The tumors were treated by excision or curettage and bone graft with good improvement, but postoperatively recurred in 2 cases of Hemangioma. Ampuation was performed in 3 cases of malignant tumors without recurrence.
Age Distribution ; Carpal Bones ; Chondroma ; Clinical Study ; Curettage ; Early Diagnosis ; Enchondromatosis ; Female ; Ganglion Cysts ; Hand ; Hemangioma ; Humans ; Male ; Pathology ; Recurrence ; Transplants

BACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis(DKA) is serious acute metabolic complication and the most important cause of high morbidity and mortality of diabetes. The object of this study is to examine the clinical characteristics of patients with DKA who had a prior history of diabetes or not. METHOD: Authors reviewed retrospectively the medical records of 49 cases adimitted to Kyungpook National University Hospital from January 1991 to June 1997 with a diagnosis of DKA and classified cases as type I, type II and newly diagnosed diabetics according to prior history of diabetes. RESULTS: 1. Of 49 cases of DKA, 24(49%) were classified as type I, 17(35%) as type II from data available in the medical records, and 8(16%) had DKA as the initial manifestation of the disease. 2. The male to female ratio was 0.5 : 1 in type I, 1.1 : 1 in type II and 1.7 : 1 in newly diagnosed diabetics, and the mean age was 24.4 in type I, 57.9 in type II and 23.9 years old in newly diagnosed diabetics. 3. The mean duration between initial diagnosis of diabetes and the occurrence of DKA was 2.6 in type I and 6.9 years in type II diabetes. The occurrence of DKA within 2 years of initial diagnosis of diabetes was 54% in type I and 18% in type II diabetes, but the occurrence of DKA after 5 years of initial diagnosis of diabetes was 17% in type I and 47% in type II diabetes. 4. The precipitating factors of DKA were identified in 88% in type I, 76% in type II and 38% in newly diagnosed diabetics, and the most common precipitating factor was omission of treatment in both type I and type II(type I: 56%, type II: 35%). 5. The altered mental status was correlated with increased osmolality (p<0.05), but not with other laboratory values such as pH, bicabonate, glucose, anion gap and dehydration status(p>0.05). CONCLUSION: It is necessary to conduct early aggressive evaluation for early diagnosis and proper treatment of DKA, because DKA occurs in patients with prior history of type II diabetes and without prior diabetic history as well as patients with prior history of type I diabetes.
Acid-Base Equilibrium ; Dehydration ; Diagnosis ; Early Diagnosis ; Female ; Glucose ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Hydrogen-Ion Concentration ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality ; Osmolar Concentration ; Precipitating Factors ; Retrospective Studies

Fungal infection has been observed with increasing frequency in recent years because the use of combinations of broad spectrum antibiotics, immunosuppressive agents, and antineoplastic agents is increasing and the survival rate of premature baby is increasing. We experienced a 3 month old male infant with anuria due to bilateral ureteropelvic fungus balls. He was born at 31 weeks gestation period and had been treated with broad spectrum antibiotics for 5 weeks after birth. We removed fungus balls surgically and made nephrostomy bilaterally. And then irrigation of amphotericn B through nephrostomy and systemic amphotercin B injection had performed for 3 weeks. Thereafter fungus balls completely disappeared.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Antineoplastic Agents ; Anuria* ; Fungi* ; Humans ; Immunosuppressive Agents ; Infant* ; Male ; Parturition ; Pregnancy ; Survival Rate

A 46 year-old female patient underwent cholecystectomy under general anesthesia. During the preoperative preparation, pulmonary edema developed from fluid overloading in the early septic condition. Pulmonary edema contributed significantly to the acute respiratory failure, which played a major role in the pathogenesis of multiple organ failure. For this condition, early surgical intervention is most important. After preoperative evaluaion, the authors anesthetized the patient with Morphine, used Enfluane intermitently, along with pancronium and oxygen and used endotracheal semiclosed circle absorption techniques with CMV incorporated PEEP. PEEP level was 5cm H2O. Inspired oxygen fraction was 1.0. Arterial oxygen tension increased from 62 torr to 183 torr despite the overt pulmonary edema. A-aDO2 was greater than 480 mmHg during the anesthesia of 2 hrs 40 minutes. For further treatment of pulmonary edema and postoperative respiratory care, synchronized IMV with PEEP, along with conventional methods for pulmonary edema and sepsis, were used in the ICU. After 6 days of intensive care, the patient was transferred to the general ward in good cardiovascular and respiratory function.
Absorption ; Anesthesia* ; Anesthesia, General ; Cholecystectomy ; Cholecystitis* ; Female ; Humans ; Critical Care ; Middle Aged ; Morphine ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Oxygen ; Patients' Rooms ; Pulmonary Edema* ; Respiratory Insufficiency ; Sepsis

BACKGROUND: The goal of this study is to identify the factors that predict mortality in elderly trauma patients. METHOD: We reviewed retrospectively the medical record of 144 cases of geriatric trauma admitted to Kyungpook National University Hospital firm January 1998 to December 1998. We evaluated the general characteristics, mechanisms of injury, Revised Trauma Score(RTS), Injury Severity Score(ISS), Probability of survival(Ps) by TRISS(Trauma and Injury Severity Score) method, amount of blood transfused, preexisting disease, complications, length of stay, and mortality. RESULTS: 1. The mean age was 75.39+/-7.89 years old, and male to female ratio was 0.89 : 1. 2. The mechanisms of injury were primarily frills(56.3%) followed by bicycle or motorcycle(13.9%), and pedestrian injuries(13.2%) and motor vehicle accidents(6.9%). 3. The mean Glasgow Coma Scale(GCS), RTS and ISS ate 13.3+/-3.5, 7.2+/-1.4 and 14.2 +/-11.6 respectively. 4. The actual mortality rate was 18.1% (26/144). But by TRISS method, predicted mortality rate was 9.3%(12.5/144), excess mortality rate was 108% and Z score was 3.99 indicating that actual number of death exceed predicted number of death. 5. Between the survivors and nonsurvivors, the insults were significantly different as follows ; systolic blood pressure(141.9+/-28.3 vs. 116.8+/-48.7 mmHg), GCS(14.3+/-2.0 vs. 9.0 +/-5.1), RTS(7.8+/-0.7 vs 5.4+/-2.3), ISS(11.3+/-5.6 vs 27.2+/-20.2), Ps by TRISS(0.97+/-0.06 vs 0.65+/-0.37), preexisting diseases(50.8 vs 69.8%). CONCLUSION: Geriatric patients are more likely to die after trauma than other age groups. The cause of higher actual mortality rate compared to predicted mortality rate was considered as the higher incidence of delayed death due to sepsis or multiple organ failure. In order to reduce the mortality, even with relatively stable initial vile sign, invasive hemodynamic monitoring and intensive treatment are recommended and also, prevention and treatment of nosocomial infection are very important.
Aged ; Coma ; Cross Infection ; Female ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Incidence ; Length of Stay ; Male ; Medical Records ; Mortality* ; Motor Vehicles ; Multiple Organ Failure ; Preexisting Condition Coverage ; Retrospective Studies ; Sepsis ; Survivors

PURPOSE: The goal of the present study was to compare the stability of the 3-piece (Tecnis ZA9003) and single-piece (AcrySof IQ) aspheric intraocular lenses (IOL) by testing decentration, tilt, anterior chamber depth, and refraction. METHODS: The subjects of this study consisted of 101 eyes who had undergone cataract surgeries with a 3-piece aspheric IOL (54 eyes) and with a single-piece aspheric IOL (47 eyes). The decentration, tilt, anterior chamber depth, and refraction were measured on postoperative day 1, 1 month, and 2 months, using an anterior eye segment analysis system (EAS-1000, Nidek, Japan). RESULTS: There was a statistically significant difference in the decentration on the postoperative day 1 (p = 0.04). However, there was no statistically significant difference on postoperative 1 month (p = 0.15) and 2 months (p = 0.13). There was no statistically significant difference in the tilt on postoperative day 1, 1 month, and 2 months. There was no statistically significant difference in the anterior chamber depth on postoperative day 1, 1 month, and 2 months. There was a statistically significant difference in the refraction on postoperative day 1 (p = 0.03). However, there was no statistically significant difference on postoperative 1 month (p = 0.07) and 2 months (p = 0.07). CONCLUSIONS: There was no statistically significant difference in the decentration, anterior chamber depth, and refraction between the 3-piece and single-piece aspheric IOL. Therefore, there is no difference between the 3-piece and single-piece aspheric IOL in the capsular bag stability until 2 months postoperatively.
Anterior Chamber ; Anterior Eye Segment ; Cataract ; Eye ; Lenses, Intraocular

PURPOSE: The purpose of this research is to estimate the overall survival rate and to understand the factors influencing hospital discharge when cardiopulmonary resuscitaion is attempted on out-of-hospital cardiac arrest victims. METHODS: From March 2000 to February 2001, we studied prospectively 71 consecutive victims with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest. We used the same record based on the "Utstein Style". RESULTS: Fifty-three of the 71 patients were transported by 119 ambulance; the remainder were transported by non-119 ambulance. An initial rhythm of pulseless electrical activity(PEA) was present in 66.2% of the patients, ventricular fibrillation(VF)/ventricular tachycardia in 22.5%, and asystole in 11.3%. Fifty-five of the 71 (77.5%) were cardiac arrest cases witnessed by a layman. The number of cardiac etiologies was 24 (33.8%), non-cardiac etiologies 36 (50.7%), and unknown causes 11 (15.5%). There were no statistical differences in return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC) and survival rate related to the causes of cardiac arrest, initial EKG rhythm, and method of transportation. Of the 71 patients, 29 patients (40.2%) experienced ROSC; seven patients survived. CONCLUSION: With the increase in cardiovascular disease and traffic accidents, the number of out-of-hospital cardiac arrests has risen accordingly. However, the survival rate has not changed much compared to the past. Major factors contributing to the unchanged survival rate are lack of bystander CPR, defibrillation in the prehospital stage, inappropriate CPR by EMT, early pronouncement of death, and unskilled CPR by the physician, and improvement in these areas are necessary in order to bring about a change .
Accidents, Traffic ; Ambulances ; Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest* ; Prospective Studies ; Resuscitation* ; Survival Rate ; Tachycardia ; Transportation

PURPOSE: This study was performed to evaluate the recent frequency of karyotypes in different sex chromosome abnormalities and to evaluate the age and clinical manifestations at diagnosis. METHODS: Peripheral blood leukocytes were obtained from subjects who were clinically suspected to have sex chromosome abnormalities and referred to the cytogenetic laboratory in the Department of Pediatrics, Kyungpook National University Hospital from February 1981 to August 2001. RESULTS: The relative frequencies of different sex chromosome abnormalities were Klinefelter (52 percent), Turner (42 percent), XXX syndrome (3 percent) and mixed gonadal dysgenesis (3 percent). The populations of different karyotypes in Klinefelter syndrome were 47, XXY (97 percent) and 46, XY/ 47, XYY (3 percent). The populations of different karyotypes in Turner syndrome were 45, X (67 percent, ), mosaicism (23 percent), and structural aberrations (10 percent). The populations of different karyotypes in XXX syndrome were 47, XXX (67 percent, ) and 46, XX/47, XXX (33 percent). All mixed gonadal dysgenesis were 45, X/46, XY. Eighty one percent of sex chromosome abnormalities was diagnosed after puberty. Patients diagnosed with Klinefelter and Turner syndrome in infancy showed nearly normal phenotypes or had minor congenital malformations. CONCLUSION: Early diagnoses of sex chromosome abnormalities is required to prevent associated morbidities and to maximize growth and development. We have to pay careful attention in diagnoses of Turner syndrome because of the high proportion of mosaicism and structural aberrations.

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study was performed to investigate the in vitro antioxidant and cytoprotective effects of fermented sesame sauce (FSeS) against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced oxidative damage in renal proximal tubule LLC-PK1 cells. MATERIALS/METHODS: 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radical (*OH), and H2O2 scavenging assay was used to evaluate the in vitro antioxidant activity of FSeS. To investigate the cytoprotective effect of FSeS against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in LLC-PK1 cells, the cellular levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and endogenous antioxidant enzymes including catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-px) were measured. RESULTS: The ability of FSeS to scavenge DPPH, *OH and H2O2 was greater than that of FSS and AHSS. FSeS also significantly inhibited H2O2-induced (500 microM) oxidative damage in the LLC-PK1 cells compared to FSS and AHSS (P < 0.05). Following treatment with 100 microg/mL of FSeS and FSS to prevent H2O2-induced oxidation, cell viability increased from 56.7% (control) to 83.7% and 75.6%, respectively. However, AHSS was not able to reduce H2O2-induced cell damage (viability of the AHSS-treated cells was 54.6%). FSeS more effectively suppressed H2O2-induced ROS generation and lipid peroxidation compared to FSS and AHSS (P < 0.05). Compared to the other sauces, FSeS also significantly increased cellular CAT, SOD, and GSH-px activities and mRNA expression (P < 0.05). CONCULUSIONS: These results from the present study suggest that FSeS is an effective radical scavenger and protects against H2O2-induced oxidative damage in LLC-PK1 cells by reducing ROS levels, inhibiting lipid peroxidation, and stimulating antioxidant enzyme activity.
Animals ; Catalase ; Cats ; Cell Survival ; Glutathione Peroxidase ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; Hydrogen* ; Hydroxyl Radical ; Lipid Peroxidation ; LLC-PK1 Cells ; Oxidative Stress ; Reactive Oxygen Species ; RNA, Messenger ; Sesamum* ; Superoxide Dismutase ; Swine

OBJECTIVES: Patients with chronic renal failure have increased hemorrhagic tendency due to an uremic platelet dysfunction and complications from anticoagulants used in hemodialysis. They are also prone to have thrombotic complications in the cerebral vessels, coronary arteries and A-V fistula, due to hypercoagulability from changes in various factors. Recently, deficiencies in plasma protein C and S, which are physiological anticoagulants, have been reported to cause thrombosis. In chronic renal failure, plasma protein C and S activities are known to be decreased. METHODS: In the present study, activities and antigen concentrations of plasma protein C and S, as well as AT-III activities were investigated in three groups; the normal control group, the predialysis group of chronic renal failure patients treated conservatively, and the hemodialysis group. The findings were analyzed for their relationship to hypercoagulability. RESULTS: 1) The activities of plasma protein C, S and antithrombin-III were significantly lower in the predialysis chronic renal failure group as compared to the control. Antithrombin-III concentrations in the hemodialysis group assayed immediately prior to dialysis were significantly lower than those of the control group. But, protein C antigen concentrations in the hemodialysis group assayed immediately prior to dialysis were significantly higher than those of the control group. There was no significant difference between these groups in plasma protein C activities, and plasma protein S activities and antigen concentrations. 2) In the hemodialysis group, antithrombin-III activities, antigen concentration and activities of plasma protein C were significantly higher than after dialysis as compared to those before the dialysis. 3) There were no significant difference in plasma protein C, S and antithrombin-III activities and plasma protein C and S antigen concentrations in hemodialysis patients between with and without thrombosis at arterio-venous fistula site. However, plasma protein C and antithrombin-III activities were significantly lower in those with thrombosis as compared to those of the normal control group. There were no significant difference in plasma protein C and S activities and antigen concentrations in those without thrombosis as compared to those of the normal control group. 4) There were no significant diffrences in plasma protein C, protein S and antithrombin-III activities and antigen concentrations in dialysis patients with and without recombinant erythropoietin treatment. 5) There were no significant correlations between serum creatinine and creatinine clearance, and plasma antithrombin-III, protein C and protein S activities and antigen concentrations in predialysis group. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that the decrease in plasma antithrombin-III, protein C and S could be the factors causing hypercoagulability in chronic renal failure patients, and the decreased activities of these factors may return to normal by dialysis. In the hemodialysis group, there were no significant diffrences in plasma protein C and S and antithrombin-III activities and antigen concentrations between the group which showed clinical thrombosis and the group which did not. However, in those who had thrombosis, plasma protein C and antithrombin-III activities are significantly lower than the control group. Administration of recombinant human erythropoietin does not appear to affect the activities of plasma protein C and S and antithrombin-III. In predialysis chronic renal failure patients, there was no significant relationship between renal function and plasma protein C and S and antithrombin-III.
Anticoagulants ; Arteries ; Blood Platelets ; Coronary Vessels ; Creatinine ; Dialysis ; Erythropoietin ; Fistula ; Humans ; Kidney Failure, Chronic* ; Plasma ; Protein C* ; Protein S ; Renal Dialysis ; Thrombophilia ; Thrombosis