Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor that arises from the retina. The prognosis is very unfavorable if the choroid is affected or the central nervous system is invaded or if metastasis have occurred. We experienced a case of the retinoblastoma with optic nerve involvement in a 3-years-old female had metastasis to the tibia. She was enucleated of the left eye five months ago. We report it with brief review of the literature.
Central Nervous System ; Choroid ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Optic Nerve ; Prognosis ; Retina ; Retinoblastoma ; Tibia

The etiologic factors of tennis elbow have been obscure in spite of increased concern and study. The true pathologic changes in tennis elbow are also not well established. The authors anslized 300 tennis players for a history of tennis elbow, finger size, body weight,weight and grip size of racket etc. The results were as follows; 1. 68 among 300 players have suffered from tennis elbow more than one time (22.7%). 2. There were no difference in correlation between body weight and racket weight. 3. Most players have used improper grip, especially in those who have suffered from tennis elbow.
Body Size ; Body Weight ; Epidemiologic Studies ; Fingers ; Hand Strength ; Tennis Elbow ; Tennis

The managements of fractures of femoral shaft in children differ in many ways from those in adults. Fourty eight cases of fractures of femoral shaft in children who were treated at Masan Korea General Hospital from March 1981 to February 1984 were analyzed both clinically and radiologically and the following results were obtained. l. Among 48 cases, the ratio of male and female was about 2.7:1 and the highest incidence was between the age of 3 and 8 years(52.1%). 2. The main cause of fracture was traffic accident(66.7%) and the other was falling or slip down injury. 3. Middle 1/3 of femoral shaft was most commonly injured(45.8%) and transverse type was common (41.7 %). 4. The common associated injuries were head injuries, fracture of the lower extremities and fracture of pelvis. 5. 43 cases were treated with traction method and 5 with open reduction and internal fixation. 6. In general, angulation at fracture site was under 10 degrees and no clinical deformity was resulted in. 7. Among 48 cases, overring of fractured fragment was occured in 28 cases and the average length of overring was 7.5mm.
Accidental Falls ; Adult ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Female ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Incidence ; Korea ; Lower Extremity ; Male ; Methods ; Pelvis ; Traction

The criteria for a mesenchymoma are that it should be composed of at least two mesenchymal elements not ordinarily found together in a tumor. This report dealt with two cases of benign mesenchymoma arising, one in the left thigh and the other in the left forearm. To diagnose of this tumor on X-ray preoperatively was difficult. The tumors were excised as much as possible, and mesenchymal derivatives characteristic of the tumor was described in detail.
Forearm ; Mesenchymoma ; Thigh

For the purpose of elucidating relation between red cell electrolyte concentrations and serum digoxin level, measurement of red cell electrolyte concentrations and seum digoxin level by radioimmunoassay were done in 46 normal controls and 63 patients of CHF including 8 patients with digitalis intoxication. The results obtained were as follows: 1. Red cell sodium concentration and ratio of red cell sodium to red cell potassium concentration in normal males were significantly higher than those of females, and red cell potassium concentration in normal males was significantly lower than that of normal females. 2. Red cell potassium concentration in patients of CHF was significantly higher than that of normal controls, but there was no difference in the red cell sodium concentration between the groups. 3. There was no relation between red cell electrolyte concentrations and serum digoxin level, and red cell electrolyte concentration did not exactly estimate serum digoxin level. 4. Red cell electrolyte concentrations in the patient of CHF were valuable in detecting digitalis toxicity.
Digitalis ; Digoxin* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Potassium ; Radioimmunoassay ; Sodium

No abstract available.
Female ; Leiomyosarcoma* ; Ovary*

BACKGROUND: Laryngoscopy and tracheal intubation for general anesthesia are potent stimuli to the cardiovascular system due to sympathetic stimulation. The aim of this study was to compare the hemodynamic responses with different administration routes of lidocaine on blood pressure and heart rate changes associated with tracheal intubation. METHODS: Sixty patients were randomly assigned to spray group (Group 1, n=20) received 10% lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg spray to intratracheally immediately before tracheal intubation, IV group (Group 2, n=20) received 2% lidocaine 1.5 mg/kg intravenously before 90 sec tracheal intubation and control group (Group 3, n=20). Anesthesia was induced with thiopental 5 mg/kg IV, vecuronium 0.1 mg/kg and 50% N2O-O2- 2vol % enflurane. After 5 minutes, tracheal intubation was performed. Mean arterial pressure and heart rate were measured at preintubation and immediately postintubation, 1, 3, 5 mins after tracheal intubation. RESULTS:The differences of mean arterial pressure which were measured at preintubation and immediately postintubation and 1 minute after intubation in group 1 were significantly lower than those in other group (p<0.05). The differences of heart rate which measured at preintubation and 1 minute after intubation were lower than those in group 3 (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: For the suppression of sympathetic stimulation following tracheal intubation, 10% lidocaine spray to the laryngotrachea is an effective method to suppress cardiovascular response.
Anesthesia ; Anesthesia, General ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Cardiovascular System ; Enflurane ; Heart Rate* ; Heart* ; Hemodynamics ; Humans ; Intubation* ; Laryngoscopy ; Lidocaine* ; Thiopental ; Vecuronium Bromide

Apert described acrocephalosyndactly as a clinical entity in 1906. The classic description of this syndrome includes patient with a combination of acrocephaly and syndactyly of either fingers, toes or both. More than 200 cases have been reported in the world literature. Authors experienced on case of the classic pattern of Apert syndrome and treated surgically for syndactyly. This one case was reported on this paper with brief review of the relevant literatures.
Acrocephalosyndactylia ; Craniosynostoses ; Fingers ; Humans ; Syndactyly ; Toes

Twenty-six cases of fracture of the femur and tibia on the same leg were treated in Masan Koryo General Hospital during the period 1981 1986. We studied all of these patients, divided by four groups according to the method of treatment, retrospectively with analysis of treatment and end results. The results were as follows : 1. Twenty-two patients were male and four patients were female. Of twenty-six patients, eighteen patients were at their third and fourth decades. 2. The main cause of injuries was traffic accident; 23 patients(88%). 3. The most common concomitant injury was fracture and dislocation in other site(14 cases). The fat embolism developed in one case and one patient had died due to head injury. 4. The average healing time of fracture was 17 weeks in femur and 20 weeks in tibia in group three, that was most rapid of all groups. 5. A good or excellent functional result was achieved in 87% of the patients treated with internal fixation of both fracture, 75% of the patients with internal fixstion for the femur fracture and external fixation for the tibial fracture, and 25% of the patients trested conservatively.
Accidents, Traffic ; Clinical Study ; Craniocerebral Trauma ; Dislocations ; Embolism, Fat ; Female ; Femur ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Methods ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibia ; Tibial Fractures

Progressive muscular dystrophy is a genetically determined myopathy of unknown etiology and is a primary degenerative disease of skeletal muscle fibers. The authors reviewed 32 cases of progressive muscular dystrophy and made following observations. 1. The types among the 32 cases were as follows. 1) Duchenne type ; 16 2) Limb-Girdle type ;12 3) Facioscapulohumeral type ;3 4) Distal myopathy ;1 5) Ocular myopathy ;0 2. 13 of the 32 patients had relevant family history. 3. In general, creatinine excretion was decreased in 24-hour urine and creatine was increased. 4. 6 of the 10 patients tested had increased serum C.P.K. level.
Creatine ; Creatinine ; Distal Myopathies ; Humans ; Muscle Fibers, Skeletal ; Muscular Diseases ; Muscular Dystrophies