The importance of tick-borne diseases is increasing because of climate change, with a lack of long-term studies on tick-borne pathogens in South Korea. To understand the epidemiological characteristics of tick-borne diseases, the monthly distribution of field ticks throughout the year was studied in South Korea between May 2014 and April 2018 in a cross sectional study.

PURPOSE: The purpose of this radiologic study was to evaluate the geographic patterns of low-energy trochanteric fractures using multiplanar computed tomography (CT) images for application of intramedullary nailing. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this study, 117 trochanteric fractures (stable fracture, 39 cases, unstable fractures, 78 cases) sustained from simple slip-down were assessed. The mean age was 78.4 years (range, 60-96 years). Multiplanar CT images were assessed for evaluation of geographic features of trochanteric fracture, and the fracture exit and geographic patterns were analyzed. RESULTS: The medial and lateral exit of the trochanteric fracture showed no statistical difference by age, bone density, and comorbid disease. The exit was located at an average distance of 10.2 mm (range, 1.0-22.2 mm) from the tip of the greater trochanter (GT), and the medial exit, average distance of 8.1 mm (range, 0.0-18.3 mm) from the tip of the lesser trochanter. It was also found that there was no comminution around the anteromedial cortex of the fracture, and its contact loss was from fracture deformity. CONCLUSION: Because of no comminution, the contact restoration of the anteromedial cortex resulted in correction of fracture deformity and reduction. Trochanteric nailing by GT tip could be fixed through the proximal fragment of the fracture because the lateral exit is placed at an average distance of 10.2 mm from the GT tip.
Bone Density ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Femur* ; Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary ; Hip Fractures

Primary non-Hodgkin's lymphoma of the brain is a rare malignancy and there are known to occur almost exclusively in brain parenchyme. Recent immunological advances and immunohistochemical techniques have provided new insights into the pathogenesis and diagnosis of the malignant lymphoma even in the small biopsied tissue and the majority of these CNS tumors is thought to be derived from B lymphocytes. A 22-year old man was admitted due to headack, dizziness and walking difficulty for 2 months. On the initial CT scan, there were two enhancing lesion in the suprasellar area and pineal gland which were completely disappeared with steroid therapy and three new lesions appeared on the follow-up CT and MRI studies in corpus callosum, third ventricle and left cerebral peduncle. The serial cytologic smears of cerebrospinal fluid and a stereotaxic biopsy tissue from the corpus callosum mass showed diffusely homogenous infiltration of neoplastic large noncleaved lymphocytes with focal perivascular arrangement. On the immunocytochemical stains, the reaction was negative for GFAP, positive for LCA and MB2, and negative for MT1. After radiation therapy, the masses completely disappeared on the follow-up CT scan and the patient was discharged free of all the clinical symptoms.
Male ; Humans ; Biopsy

Neonatal meningitis caused by the Group B beta-hemolytic streptococcus was first reported in 1958. In recent years this organism has assumed major importance in the etiology of neonatal infection. In Korea, this organism is likely to play an increasing role in neonatal infection. So this investigation was designed to report the 9 cases of Group Bbeta-hemolytic streptococcus infected neonates admitted to the NICU, department of Pediatrics, Hanil Hospital from January 1990 to June 1993. The results were as followings. 1) Onset of disease was between 12days and 32 days of age and male to female ratio is 1:2. 2) Two cases were delivered by c-section, seven cases were by NFSD and all of the infants had normal birth weight with full term at delivery. Maternal obstetric and neonatal complications were not detected in all cases. 3) The common presenting symptoms were fever in all cases, seizure in 6 cases, feeding difficulty, lethargy, vomiting, etc. 4) Group Bbeta-hemolytic streptococcus was isolated in CSF of all cases and in blood of 6 cases. 5) There were abnormal brain CT findings in 4 cases of group Bbeta-hemolytic streptococcal meningitis. 6) The sensitive antibiotics were Cefotaxime, Cefazoline, Erythromycin, Ampicillin, Chloramphenicol, Clindamyucin and Penicillin. 7) All cases were reconvered except one case that expired on the 1st day of admission and 6 cases were followed up for the period of 2months to 33months without neurologic sequelae, of which 1 case revealed decreased wave on Lt. hemisphere in ABR.
Ampicillin ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Birth Weight ; Brain ; Cefazolin ; Cefotaxime ; Chloramphenicol ; Erythromycin ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Korea ; Lethargy ; Male ; Meningitis* ; Pediatrics ; Penicillins ; Seizures ; Streptococcus ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of 3 dimensional-volume MR imaging technique for demonstrating the facial nerves and to describe MR findings in facial palsy patients and evaluate the significance of facial nerve enhancement. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We reviewed the MR images of facial nerves obtained with 3 Dimensional-volume imaging technique before and after intravenous administration of Gadopentetate dimeglumine in 13 cases who had facial paralysis and 33 cases who had no facial palsy. And we analyzed the detectabilty of anatomical segments of intratemporal facial nerves and facial nerve enhancement. RESULTS: When the 3 Dimensional-volume MR images of 46 nerves were analyzed subjectively, the nerve courses of 43(93%) of 46 nerves were effectively demonstrated on 3 Dimensional-volume MR images. Internal acoustic canal portions and geniculate ganglion of facial nerve were well visualized on axial images and tympanic and mastold segments were well depicted on oblique sagittal images. 10 of 13 patients(77%) were visibly enhanced along at least one segment of the facial nerve with swelling or thickening, and nerves of 8 of normal 33 cases(24%) were enhanced without thickening or swelling. CONCLUSION: MR findings of facial nerve paralysis is asymmetrical thickening of facial nerve with contrast enhancement. The 3 Dimensional-volume MR imaging technique should be a useful study for the evaluation of intratemporal facial nerve disease.
Acoustics ; Administration, Intravenous ; Facial Nerve Diseases ; Facial Nerve* ; Facial Paralysis ; Gadolinium DTPA ; Geniculate Ganglion ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging* ; Paralysis

OBJECTIVES: We report a case of 3-column fracture caused by low-energy trauma in a patient with Baastrup disease who complained of acute radiating pain and motor weakness in the lower limbs after 3 weeks of conservative treatment. Subsequently, posterior fusion surgery was performed.SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Baastrup disease is characterized by enlargement and close approximation of adjacent spinous processes, and it mostly affects the L4-5 level of the spine. In patients with Baastrup disease affecting multiple levels of the lumbar spine, low-energy trauma can cause an unstable 3-column fracture with neurological compromise. Early recognition and surgical treatment prior to the emergence of a neurological deficit are required. MATERIALS AND METHODS: An 84-year-old woman presented with back pain after falling down backward and colliding with the edge of a shelf at ground level. Considering the patient's general condition and age, she was initially treated with close observation and placement of a spinal brace with serial radiographic follow-up. RESULTS: Computed tomography found 3-column fracture at the T11 level, which is quite rare in cases of minor trauma. At a 3-week follow-up, she complained of gradual lower extremity weakness, and her general lower extremity motor function decreased to grade 1–2. The patient underwent posterior fusion 2 levels above and below the affected vertebral body (T9-10-12-L1). Surgery was uneventful and the patient's motor function recovered. CONCLUSIONS In patients with Baastrup disease affecting multiple levels of the lumbar spine, based on our experience, low-energy trauma can cause an unstable 3-column fracture with neurological compromise. We highly recommend scrutiny of the interspinous space in elderly patients, especially those with a spinal fracture caused by low-energy trauma.

STUDY DESIGN: Case report.OBJECTIVES: We report a case of 3-column fracture caused by low-energy trauma in a patient with Baastrup disease who complained of acute radiating pain and motor weakness in the lower limbs after 3 weeks of conservative treatment. Subsequently, posterior fusion surgery was performed.SUMMARY OF LITERATURE REVIEW: Baastrup disease is characterized by enlargement and close approximation of adjacent spinous processes, and it mostly affects the L4-5 level of the spine. In patients with Baastrup disease affecting multiple levels of the lumbar spine, low-energy trauma can cause an unstable 3-column fracture with neurological compromise. Early recognition and surgical treatment prior to the emergence of a neurological deficit are required.MATERIALS AND METHODS: An 84-year-old woman presented with back pain after falling down backward and colliding with the edge of a shelf at ground level. Considering the patient's general condition and age, she was initially treated with close observation and placement of a spinal brace with serial radiographic follow-up.RESULTS: Computed tomography found 3-column fracture at the T11 level, which is quite rare in cases of minor trauma. At a 3-week follow-up, she complained of gradual lower extremity weakness, and her general lower extremity motor function decreased to grade 1–2. The patient underwent posterior fusion 2 levels above and below the affected vertebral body (T9-10-12-L1). Surgery was uneventful and the patient's motor function recovered.CONCLUSIONS: In patients with Baastrup disease affecting multiple levels of the lumbar spine, based on our experience, low-energy trauma can cause an unstable 3-column fracture with neurological compromise. We highly recommend scrutiny of the interspinous space in elderly patients, especially those with a spinal fracture caused by low-energy trauma.
Accidental Falls ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Back Pain ; Braces ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Lower Extremity ; Spinal Fractures ; Spine

Objective: To investigate the comprehensive outcomes in aphasic patients, including their cognitive and functional status after ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke. It also aimed to clarify whether aphasia is a prognostic factor for cognitive and functional improvements in stroke patients. Methods: Sixty-seven ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke patients in the subacute stage who had been diagnosed with aphasia using the Korean version of Frenchay Aphasia Screening Test (K-FAST) were included in the study. Forty-six stroke patients without aphasia were used as controls. All patients were examined with the Korean version of the Western Aphasia Battery (K-WAB). Cognitive and functional assessments of the patients including the Korean version of Mini-Mental State Examination (K-MMSE), and the Korean version of Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI) were performed during admission and 4 weeks after the initial assessments. Results: The initial and follow-up total K-MMSE and K-MBI scores were significantly lower in aphasic patients than in non-aphasic controls. The K-WAB scores highly correlated with the total K-MMSE scores at the follow-up stage in all aphasic stroke patients. The K-WAB scores moderately correlated with the follow-up scores of the K-MBI in ischemic stroke patients but not in hemorrhagic stroke patients. Conclusion Aphasia influences the cognitive and functional status of stroke patients and has a greater impact on cognitive improvement. Aphasia severity can be one of the prognostic factors for cognitive status in aphasic patients with stroke.

Chylous ascites in neonates is an unusual and etiologically poor understood entity. We report a male newborn who suffered from abdominal distension and respiratory distress after birth. Paracentesis was performed and ascitic fluid was obstained. Analysis of the fluid revealed cell count (RBC 10,000/mm3, WBC 800/mm3: segmented form-72%, lymphocyte form- 28%), protein 4,100 mg/dl, glucose 57 mg/dl, cholesterol 53 mg/dl, triglyceride 28 mg/dl. Culture of ascitic fluid grew no bacteria. A plain film of abdomen and abdominal sonogram showed massive ascites. On the 4th hospital day, gastrografin enema showed microcolon and ileal atresia. On the 6th hospital day, ileocolostomy has been performed and operative findings sho- wed blind pouch in terminal ileum, massive inflammation and extensive adhesion on peritoneum. After operation, he gained weight by continuous gavage feeding. He discharged on the 36th hospital day.
Abdomen ; Ascites ; Ascitic Fluid ; Bacteria ; Cell Count ; Cholesterol ; Chylous Ascites* ; Diatrizoate Meglumine ; Enema ; Glucose ; Humans ; Ileum ; Infant, Newborn ; Inflammation ; Lymphocytes ; Male ; Paracentesis ; Parturition ; Peritoneum ; Triglycerides

No abstract available.
Knee* ; Nevus* ; Organoids*