No abstract available.
Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Heart Failure*

No abstract available.
Diagnosis* ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP)* ; Heart Failure*

No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Korea* ; Myocardial Infarction*

No abstract available.
Renal Artery Obstruction* ; Renal Artery* ; Stents*

No abstract available.
Hair ; Scalp

No abstract available.
Appendectomy* ; Lymphocyte Subsets* ; Lymphocytes*

BACKGROUND: Hydrofluoric acid(HF) is one of the strong stirritating, corrosive and poisonous inorganic acid, The HF burns are occuring with ever-increa firifrequency due to the wide use of this acid in industrial fields, such as electronics and semicor tor industries. OBJECTIVE: The purpie of this study is to quantiate theound depths produced by varying concentrations of HF aiud to suggest the treatment guideline. METHODS: Uarious cinicentrations of HF(5%, 25%, 50%),were applied to two pairs of test sites on a guinea pig's back in a uniform fashion with cotton-tip applicators and then the histopathologic changes of guinea pig skin were observed. RESULTS: 1, In the 5% HF applied group, intracellular edema vaobserved in the epidermis after 12 hours. After 3days, epidermal cell necrosis was observed. 2. In the 25% HF applied group, intraepidermal vesice was observed after 6hours. After 12hours, inflammatory cell infiltrations were observed in the apper dermis and then after 3days, dermal necrosis was oberved. 3. In the 50% HF applied group, epidermal cell necros After 6hours, liquefaction degeneration in the epidermis an was observed focally after 3hours. iflhmmatory cell infiltrations in the upper dermis were observed. After 2days, dermalar.ecrosis was observed and then after days, the reaction was at its peak and subcutaneous tissuc. necrosis was observed. CONCLUSION: This study showed that a higher concentrator HF exposure enhances The penetration of HF. For treatmi not alcohloic solution of a quarternary ammonium for avintralesional injection of calcium gluconate within 24 hours of HF and a longer period after we suggest wet dressing with an concentration of HF burn and high concentration of HF burn.
Ammonium Compounds ; Animals ; Bandages ; Burns* ; Calcium Gluconate ; Dermis ; Edema ; Epidermis ; Guinea Pigs* ; Guinea* ; Hydrofluoric Acid* ; Necrosis ; Skin

The treatment of intra-articular fractures of distal radius is difficult and has various problems. Maximum recovery of wrist function is dependent on accurate and stable reduction of the radial articular surface. We analysed one hundred and five cases of intra-articular fracture of distal radius followed for more than 6 months at Yonsei University from January 1980 to September 1988 and studied the result according to the type of treatment. The results of this study were as follows; 1. The incidence was high in female who aged over 6th decade, and in male who is active aged. 2. The main cause of this injury was fall down(34.3%). 3. In a group of closed reduction and cast immobilization, the functional result was satisfactory in 45.4%. 4. In a group of closed reduction and percutaneous pinning, the functional result was satisfactory in 50%. 5. In a group of open reduction and internal fixation, the functional result was satisfactory in 83. 3%. 6. In a group of external fixation, the functional result was satisfactory in 33.3%. 7. Overall result was mainly correlated with initial severity of the injury and anatomical reduction of the intra-articular surface.
Clinical Study ; Female ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Intra-Articular Fractures ; Male ; Radius ; Wrist

Open fracture characteristically has higher chances of infection and sof tissue damage in comparison with closed fracture. In spite of the development of operation methods and antibiotics, complications such as infection, nonunion, delayed union, and joint stiffness are continuously confronted as problems in the field of orthopedics. Different methods of treatment have been advocated as regards the care of the open wound and the method of stabilization of the fracture fragments. Therefore a comparative analysis of the type of open fracture and the bone union time according to the initial treatment methods was made from 47 cases over the age of 20, who were followed up until bone union developed among the inpatients who were treated for open fracture of tibia in the period of 7 years from January, 1982 to December, 1988, and the results are as follows: 1. The highest incidence of fractures was encountered in 3rd decade(34%) and male to female ratio was 6:l. 2. The most common cause of fractures was traffic accident(76.6%). 3. The most common level of fracture was in mid one-third and the bone union time was longest in mid one-third. 4. The bone union time was longer, and the rate of complication was greater in order of type 1, 2 & 3 according to Gustilo's classification. 5. The good result was obtained in type 1 fractures, by using the closed reduction & cast immobilization and pin & plaster method; in type 2, the bone union time was shortest in the cases of pin & plater method; in type 3, the bone union time was shortest in the cases of closed reduction or open, reduction & external fixation. 6. Bone union was obtained in all cases of delayed union and nonunion and the bone union time was shortest in cases treated with plate & bone graft.
Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Classification ; Clinical Study ; Female ; Fractures, Closed ; Fractures, Open ; Humans ; Immobilization ; Incidence ; Inpatients ; Joints ; Male ; Methods ; Orthopedics ; Tibia ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries