BACKGROUND: Vitiligo is riot quite a rare diseasep; it has about 1% prevalence. The cause of vitiligo is not clear, however, in recent studies an autoimmune origin is freqluei itily mentioned. OBJECT: We tried to an lyze some clinical features of vitiligo and relate them with the presence of autoantibodies. MEHTODS: A total of 381 vitiligo patients was included for the analysis of clinical features. A laboratory study included rhumatoid factor, antinuclear antibocoly, antithyroglobulin antibody and antimicrosome antibody. Some 62 patients were examined for opl thmologic changes. RESULTS: One hundred and one(26.5%) of 381 patients exam ned showed at least one of the autoantibodies tested. Twenty nine pateints showed 2 different aitintibodies. The age at aonset of vitiligo in the autoantibody positive group was 6.6 years later than that of the autoantibody negative group. Autoimmune and/or endocrine diseases were more frequinty found among aut.oantibody positive patients. These diseas s included hyperthyroidism, diabetes me litus and alopecia areata. One patient revealed retinal hypoigmentation and showed no autoantibcidics. CONCLUSION: About 9% of vitiligo patients who were autoantiocyte positive had clinical evidence of diseases associated with the autoantibody. However, it is prudent. to xpect that more patients with t.he autoantibody may develop later systemic autoimmune diseases or endocrinopathies. A long term follow-up of these patients seem:, to be very important.
Alopecia Areata ; Antibodies, Antinuclear ; Autoantibodies* ; Autoimmune Diseases ; Endocrine System Diseases ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyperthyroidism ; Prevalence ; Retinaldehyde ; Riots ; Vitiligo

The nevus spilus, also called speckled lentiginous nevus, presents itself as a patch of melanization dotted by smaller macules of darker color, frequently occuring on the trunk, and in some respect, resembeing the cafe au lait of von Recklinghausens disease and Albrights syndrome. We present clinical and histopathologic observation made on 14 patients, 13 male and 1 female, who agreed to go through a biopsy, during 5 years period from 1975 to 1980. The age at the visit ranged from 11 years to 61, with a mean of 22. 4. The location of lesions were shouIder (in 5 cases), neck (in 2), back (in 2), trunk (in 4),arm (in 1), and buttock (in 1). The epidermal changes consist of hypererkatosis (in 7), acanthosis (in 6), elongation of rete ridge and papillomatosis (in 9), basilar hypermelanosis (in 14), and nevus cell nests(in 3) The dermal changes consists of mild perivascular lymphoid and histiocytic cellular infiltrations (in 11), chromatophores (in 8) and dilated blood vessels (in 6). It is suggested that nevus spilus should be considered as a giant lentigo, a neoplasia of epictermal melanocytes, where junctional nevus is to develop.
Biopsy ; Blood Vessels ; Buttocks ; Chromatophores ; Female ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Lentigo ; Male ; Melanocytes ; Neck ; Neurofibromatosis 1 ; Nevus* ; Papilloma

Purpose: This study aimed to investigate the incidence rate, types and risk factors for delirium in patients admitted to the surgical Step-Down Unit (SDU). Methods: This study was a retrospective study of the electronic medical records of patients admitted to a surgical SDU from February 2020 to July 2020. The delirium assessment was conducted using the short Confusion Assessment Method (a tool that allows quick and easy screening of delirium) and the incidence and risk factors for delirium were determined. Results: Among a total of 227 patients in the study, the incidence rate of delirium was 35 cases (16.7%). It predominantly occurred on the first day (n = 16, 45.7%) and the second day of admission (n = 15, 42.8%). The peak occurrence of delirium was between 14:00 and 22:00 (n = 30, 85.7%). The most common type of delirium was hypoactive (n = 19, 54.3%). The results of multiple logistic regression analysis indicated that the factors influencing the occurrence of delirium in the surgical step down unit (SDU) were age, hypertension, stroke, white blood cell count, and the use of restraints. Conclusion Considering the characteristics of high-risk groups for delirium in the surgical SDU, it is necessary to establish nursing practice guidelines to minimize delirium.

No abstract available.
Child ; Humans ; Sparganosis

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to develop in vivo dosimetries using both chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in mice to assess biological effects of radiations. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Five each mice were irradiated with 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 10 Gy of Cs-137 gamma-rays. We scored numbers of chromosomal aberrations in metaphase spreads and numbers of micronuclei in bone marrow smears under light microscope, and obtained the dose-response relationships. We also examined the relationship between the two dose-response curves. RESULTS: The frequency of both chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei increased with dose, in a linear-quadratic manner. The delta, beta, and alpha coefficients were 0.0176, 0.0324, and 0.0567 for metaphase analysis (r=1.0, p<0.001) and 0.0019, 0.0073, and 0.0506 for micronuclei assay (r=1.0, p<0.001). The frequency of chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei in diffirent radiation doses was significantly correlated (r=0.99, p<0.01). CONCLUSION: In vivo dosimetry using either metaphase analysis or micronucleus assay was feasible in mice. These methods could be useful to evaluate biological effects of radiation.
Animals ; Bone Marrow Cells* ; Bone Marrow* ; Chromosome Aberrations ; Metaphase* ; Mice* ; Micronucleus Tests

Fetal echocardiography is used by means of decleration of fetal cardiac anaztomy, to estabilish the diagnosis of congenital heart disease in utero. We attemped fetal echocardiography to ninty three pregnant women after intra uterine period 24 weeks, and estimated cardiac circumference, cardiac axis, pulmonary atery root diameter, arortic root diameter, diameter of inferior vena cava, diameter of superior ve studied how these estimates associate with following gestational na cava, and fractional shortening of ventricles. We ages. Cardiac axis was on the average 37.28 degree and cardiac apex was located in anterior left side of chest area. Aortic root diameter was 0.227 GA-0.043mm (GA=gestational age) at systolic phase, 0.203 GA+0.421mm at diastolic phase. Pulmonaly root diameter was 0.271 GA-0.029mm at systolic phase, 0.251 GA-0.067mm at diastolic phase. Thoracic aorta diameter was 0.195 GA+0.109mm at systolic phase, 0.198 GA+0.794mm at diastolic phase. Fractional shortening was 0.24 (1 Standard Deviation=0.11) in right ventricle, 0.23(1 SD=0.154) at left ventricle, and so ratio of right and left ventricle was 1.04(1 SD=0.51). Once normal fetal cardiac anatomy is understood, structural defects and/or alternation of function can be evaluated antenatally.
Aorta, Thoracic ; Axis, Cervical Vertebra ; Diagnosis ; Echocardiography* ; Female ; Heart Defects, Congenital ; Heart Ventricles ; Humans ; Pregnant Women ; Thorax ; Vena Cava, Inferior

Angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy (AILD) is a systemic disease clinically characterized by fever, generalized lymphadenopathy, hepatosplenomegaly, polyclonal gamma-globulinemia and Cooms' positive hemolytic anemia. The lymph node in AILD reveals a polymorphic feature consisting of a proliferation of small vessels, immunoblasts and plasma cells and acidophilic interstitial material. Progression into immunoblastic sarcoma is reported as high 35% of the patient with AILD. Nathwani et al have observed not only malignant transformation of AILD in sequential tissue examination, but also the coexistence of AILD and immunoblastic lymphoma in the same lymph node or at different sites in the same patient. Multiple clusters or islands of compactly arranged large lymphoid cells constitute the initial histologic evidence of immunoblastic sarcoma. Immunoblastic sarcoma is a large cell lymphoma conceptually related to transformed T-and B-lymphocytes of the extrafollicular compartment of the immune system, which proignosis is poor. We have recently experienced a case of immuno blastic sarcoma arising in angioimmunoblastic lymphadenopathy in a 24-year-old woman. She had history of multiple enlarged lymph nodes in the inguinal, axilla and supraclavicular areas. Previous lymph node biopsies revealed reactive change. Six month later, right axillary lymph node biopsy reveled AILD with focal clusters of immunoblasts. Subsequent lymph node biopsy at the same site revealed diffuse immunoblasic sarcoma, B-cell type. A case presentation with histologic findings and a brief review of literature were done.
Female ; Humans ; Biopsy

No abstract available.

BACKGROUND: Single or multiple episodes of brief period of ischemia and reperfusion(ischemic preconditioning, IP) have been shown to limit infarct size after a subsequent longer period of ischemia. A considerable number of possible mechanisms has been proposed, however, controversies still remain. Accordingly, we evaluated the effect of four cycles of 5 minutes ischemia and 5 minutes reperfusion(IP) followed by subsequent 30 minutes ischemia(ISCH) and 60 minutes reperfusion using isolated Langendorff-Perfused rabbit hearts. Methods and RESULTS: After a 50-minute recovery phase, parameters of the left ventricular function(LVF) including left ventricular developed pressure(LVDP), contractility and the heart rate were recorded, and ultrastructure was examined. Myosin ATPase activity was determined by measurement of inorganic phosphorus and isozymes of the myosin heavy chain were examined by polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis containing pyrophosphate buffer. The ISCH hearts showed severe to irreversible change of the cardiac myocytes homogenously in contrast to the IP hearts in which changes were not homogenous and irreversible injury was only focal. However, parameters of the LVF were not significantly different between the IP and the ISHC hearts during reperfusion. Myosin ATPase activities were also not significantly different(0.67+/-0.123 micromol/mg protein/h in the IP hearts, 0.56+/-0.172 micromol/mg protein/h in the ISCH hearts, and 0.76+/-0.239 micromol/mg protein/h in the control hearts). Band patterns of the myofibrillar proteins, separated by sodium ddodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, revealed no differences between the IP, ISCH and the control hearts. Myosin heavy chains in the IP and the ISCH hearts were separated into 3 isozymes, V1,V2and V3in pyrophosphate gel electrophoresis in contrast that the control hearts revealed two isozymes, V1and V2. However, there were no differences in the protein composition and electrophoretic motility between the IP and the ISCH hearts. CONCLUSION: These results indicate that IP could not attenuate the changes in LVF, myosin ATPase activity and myosin isozymes on reperfusion, however, it could attenuate the ultrastructural changes of the cardiac myocytes.
Adenosine Triphosphatases* ; Electrophoresis ; Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel ; Heart Rate ; Heart* ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Preconditioning* ; Isoenzymes ; Myocytes, Cardiac ; Myosin Heavy Chains ; Myosins* ; Phosphorus ; Reperfusion ; Sodium ; Ventricular Function, Left*

No abstract available.
Fluconazole* ; Humans