OBJECTIVES: Several studies have shown that performance related musculoskeletal disorders present a significant and common health problem for instrument players. This study was conducted to investigate the symptom prevalence rate of performance-related musculoskeletal disorders and risk factors on symphony orchestra players. METHODS: The symptom prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders and related factors including demographic factors, occupational factors, psychosocial factors, practice and performance-related behaviors of on 156 symphony orchestra players in Taegu city were surveyed with a self-administered questionnaire. RESULTS: Instrument players have performed for 14. 6 years in average and worked 4. 9 for years in average as a member of symphony orchestra. The subjects consisted of 106 string players, 48 wind players, and 8 percussion players. The symptom prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders according to the NIOSH surveillance criteria was 79. 6 % and operational criteria by authors was 45. 9 %. The prevalence rate of viola players was higher than violin players, and the prevalence rate of the bass players was higher than that of the cello players. In univariate analysis, job insecurity, irregular performance, stress from family problems, and performance related psychosomatic strains had a significant association with the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders. In multiple logistic regression, job insecurity, irregular performance, and stress from family problems were significant variables affecting the prevalence rate of musculoskeletal disorders of instrument players. CONCLUSIONS: This study suggest that symphony orchestra players are high risk group of musculoskeletal disorders. Irregular performance schedule and psychosocial stress including job insecurity, and psychosomatic strain were important risk factors of players musculoskeletal disorders. An exercise program such as stretching before and after performance, regular performance schedule and reduction of psychosocial stress might be helpful for prevention of musculoskeletal disorders of instrument players.
Appointments and Schedules ; Bass ; Daegu ; Demography ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (U.S.) ; Percussion ; Prevalence ; Psychology ; Questionnaires ; Risk Factors ; Viola ; Wind

No abstract available.
Adhesives* ; Nylons* ; Skin* ; Surgical Tape* ; Sutures* ; Wounds and Injuries*

BACKGROUND: Induction of anesthesia with propofol commonly associated with reduction in systemic arterial pressure, especially in elderly and high risk patients. This reduction is influenced by the dose and rate of propofol injection. The aim of this study was to examine the effect of different injection rate of propofol on vital signs, dose requirement and induction time during induction period. METHODS: Unpremedicated one hundred and twenty ASA physical status I and II patients aged 20~60 years scheduled for elective surgery were randomly allocated into one of four (150, 300, 600, 1200 ml/hr) groups according to speed of injection of propofol during induction period. Loss of verbal contact was taken as the end-point of induction. Vital signs, SpO2, dose requirement of propofol and induction time were checked. RESULTS: As the injection rate of propofol became slower, there were significant reduction in induction dose and increase in induction time (p<0.05). For example, induction dose and time were 1.82 mg/kg, 223 +/- 58 sec in 150 ml/hr group and 3.14 mg/kg, 50 +/- 11 sec in 1200 ml/hr group, respectively. Also, decrease in systolic and diastolic pressure were less marked at lower injection rates. CONCLUSIONS: Slower injection of propofol produces less vital sign changes and dose requirement for the induction of anesthesia.
Aged ; Anesthesia* ; Arterial Pressure ; Blood Pressure ; Humans ; Propofol* ; Vital Signs*

Clinical studies were made on 50 cases of chronic cough infants who were admitted to the department of Pediatrics of Kangnam St. Mary' s hospital from January, 1990 to July, 1991. The results were as follows; 1) The age distribution was from 3 months to 24 months old, and the most prevalent age group was 13~18months old. The male to female was 2.1:1. 2) The etiologic classification of the 50 cases were infantile asthma in 23 cases(46%), viral lower respiratory infection in 13 cases(26%), and infantile asthma associated with sinusitis in 5 cases(10%). 3) Cough was the most common clinical manifestation in all cases and followed by rhinorrhea, dyspnea, fever, and nasal stuffiness. Among physical findings, wheezing rales, and chest retraction were noted. 4) The duration of cough was 5 to 8 weeks in 26 cases(52%), 2 to weeks in 19 cases(38%), and above 9 weeks in 5 cases(10%). 5) 13 of 50 cases had a past allergic history and 8 of 50 cases had a family history of allergy. 6) In 50 cases, formula feeding was done in 28 cases(56%), breast feeing in 13 cases(26%), and mixed feeding in 9 cases(18%). 7) Eosinophilia was noted in 39.3% of infantile asthma and total IgE level above 100IUm/ml was noted in 60.7% of infantile asthma and in 18.2% of other diseases. 8) RAST results of infantile asthma showed that the positivity was 21.4% in house dust, 32.1% in Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus, 28.6% in Dermatophagoides farinae, 28.6% in egg white, 35.7% in milk. The ratio of positive RAST results were higher in infantile asthma than in other diseases. 9) Abnormal findings, including overinflation, infiltration, increased bronchovascular marking, and atelectasis, were noted in 42 cases(84%) on chest X-ray. In 7 cases, total opacification was noted on Waters' and Caldwell's view. In conclusion, chronic cough in infancy is best managed by determining the precise cause of the cough, then specificially treating the underlying disorder.
Age Distribution ; Asthma ; Breast ; Child, Preschool ; Classification ; Cough* ; Dermatophagoides farinae ; Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus ; Dust ; Dyspnea ; Egg White ; Eosinophilia ; Fees and Charges ; Female ; Fever ; Humans ; Hypersensitivity ; Immunoglobulin E ; Infant ; Male ; Milk ; Pediatrics ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Respiratory Sounds ; Sinusitis ; Thorax

No abstract available.
Nevus*

No abstract available.
Neurilemmoma* ; Neurofibromatoses* ; Neurofibromatosis 2*

Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome (MRS) is a rare form of hereditary angioedema characterized by a triad of orofacial swelling, relapsing facial paralysis, and a fissured tongue. However, the classic triad is not frequently seen in its complete form, and monosymptomatic or oligosymptomatic forms are more common. Case: A 20-year-old man presented with recurrent labial swelling 9 months ago and recently with a fissured tongue. The surface of the tongue showed deep furrows characteristic of lingua plicata, and an edematous enlargement was observed on the lower lips. Upon neurologic examination, a left sided facial palsy of a peripheral type was noted without abnormalities in the taste sense or lacrimation. An electromyography of the left frontal muscle showed positive sharp waves and fibrillation potentials. Biopsies performed on the lower lips revealed the congested vessels and perivascular inflammatory cells. We report a 20-year-old man with a classical triad of symptoms of Melkersson-Rosenthal syndrome.
Angioedemas, Hereditary ; Biopsy ; Electromyography ; Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) ; Facial Paralysis ; Humans ; Lip ; Melkersson-Rosenthal Syndrome* ; Neurologic Examination ; Tongue ; Tongue, Fissured ; Young Adult

This study was undertaken to evaluate the status of human paragonimiasis in Kang Hwa Gun, Kyunggi Do, Korea from March 1973 to October 1975 by the use of intradermal screening test with Veronal buffered saline antigen. A total number of 7,352 (male 3,936; female 3,4l6) consisting of 3,447 primary school children, 2,689 middle school students, l,008 high school students of 9 Myuns out of 13 Myuns of this County and 208 residents of all age group in Kilgeong-Ri, Yangdo Myun were examined by the intradermal test with Paragonimus antigen. In order to detect Paragonimus egg, the sputum and the stool examinations were undertaken on the residents in Kilgeong-Ri. The infestation rate of crayfish with Paragonimus metacercaria was also examined in Konneung and Jeongha village in Kilgeong-Ri. The following results were obtained in this survey: As a whole, 16.6 per cent of the examiners showed positive reaction with sexual difference of 16.1% in male and 14.8 per cent in female. In age groups, the highest positive rate showed in middle school age group (17.1 per cent) than primary school (14.0 per cent) and high school age group (11.4 per cent). In regional differences of positive rates, the highest rate (28.4 per cent) showed at Yangdo Myun followed by Kilsang Myun (27.0 per cent), Hwado Myun (25.0 per cent), and Naega Myun(20.8 per cent). In the result of 208 residents Kilgeong-Ri, the positive of 36.1 per cent in male and 20.2 per cent in female. The highest positive rate showed in 10 to 19 age group (41.5 per cent). Among the residents in Kilgeong-Ri, Paragonimus eggs were detected in 11 residents by the sputum and the stool examinations. The infestation rate of crayfsh with Paragonimus metacercariae was 100 per cent (41 out of 41 crayfishes) in Konneung village, and 84.6 per cent (9 out of 13 crayfishes) in Jeongha village, Kilgeong-Ri The fluctuation of the infection rate of crayfish with Paragonimus metacercariae was decreased in Konneung village in 2 years after the treatment with Bilevon against 10 paragonimiasis patients.
parasitology-helminth-trematoda ; epidemiology-paragonimiasis ; Paragonimus westermani ; crayfish-Cambaroides similis

BACKGROUND: In animal models of cerebral ischemic-reperfusion has been shown to have a beneficial effect. The object of this study is to compare the effect of pathologic findings between normotheimic and moderate hypothermic group. METHODS: We investigated the effect of moderate hypothermia induced 1 hour after transient(10 min) both carotid artery occlusion on the extent of ischemic-reperfusion cell damage in Mongolian Gerbil model. The terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase (TdT) -mediated biotin-16-dUTP nick-end labelling(TUNEL staning) are used to detect apoptosis. RESULTS: 1. We suggest that Core body temperature is down to moderate hypothermia(30-32degrees C) beyond 10 minite by selective bain cooling method in Mongolian Gerbil model. 2. By light microscopy, ischemic-reperfusion damage were detected in the hippocampal CA1 pyramidal layer on the 3 day after transient ischemic insult, which showed chrosomal condensation and cytoplasmic eosinophilia. Ischemic-reperfusion cells were increased in the CA1 region on the 5 day. Apoptotic cells of the CA1 neurons seen by TUNEL staining than ischemic neurons seen by Hematoxylin-eosin staining were investigate 3 and 5 days after ischemic-reperfusion insult. CONCLUSION: We suggest that is not neuroprotective effects of Intraischemic(1 hour) moderate hypothermia in Gerbil brain global ischemic-reperfusion model.
Apoptosis ; Body Temperature ; Brain* ; Carotid Arteries ; Cytoplasm ; DNA Nucleotidylexotransferase ; Eosinophilia ; Gerbillinae* ; Hypothermia* ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Microscopy ; Models, Animal ; Neurons ; Neuroprotective Agents*

This study investigated the stress of community residents in Kwang-Ju and Chonnam areas by using the General Health Questionnaire(GHQ-60) as a instrument of stress measurement. The number of subject were 445 residents who lived in three areas (large city, middle city, and rural area) and they were individually interviewed in March, 1994. The result of study showed that the degrees of stress measured by GHQ-60 were statistically significant in the residents' area, age. sex variables: (a) the residents in middle city among three area had the highest level of stress: (b) the resident who were more than 60 in age had the highest level of stress: (c) the female resident had more stress than male residents: (d) particularly, the residents who were more than 60 years old in the middle city had the highest level of stress. Further, the results of factor analysis showed that there were three factors of social dysfunction, depression and anxiety, and psychosomatic symptom. The social dysfunction factor was statistically significant in both age and resident area variables. The depression and anxiety factor was statistically significant in the residents' area, age. sex variables. The psychosomatic symptom factor was statistically significant in both age and sex variables. The study suggested that they should give a special attention to solve the old people's stress because stress was closely related to residents age.
Anxiety ; Depression ; Factor Analysis, Statistical ; Female ; Gwangju ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Male ; Mass Screening* ; Middle Aged ; Surveys and Questionnaires*