No abstract available.

No abstract available.
Angiotensins* ; Diabetes Mellitus* ; Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A* ; Renal Insufficiency*

No abstract available.
Immunotherapy*

No abstract available.

Our hospital have started laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1991, and after then many surgeons have been trained in the era of laparoscopic and minimally invasive surgery. Since then numerous procedures have been applied for a laparoscopic surgery, and many patients have been benefited as a result. We have performed the first automated surgery in Korea using Automated Endoscopic System for Optimal Positioning (AESOP) in June, 1996. With the help of Inbae Yoon’s(a 1961 graduate of our medical school) inspiration and donation, our hospital has started “IB Yoon Multi-Specialty Endoscopic Research & Training Center” in 1998. As we started the robotic surgery we have change the name to “Severance Robotic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Center” in March 2005. These infrastructures enables us the expansion of laparoscopic surgery and inspires many surgeons to understand principles and equipments of laparoscopic and robotic surgery. We performed the first robotic surgery using da Vinci system in July, 2005. During 5 and half years after introducing the da Vinci surgical system in 2005 we have performed more than 10000 cases of robotic surgery successfully. With collaboration between medicine and robotic engineering company, we are developing our own version of Korean robotic system. In conventional laparoscopic surgery, limited motion of laparoscopic instruments, 2-D surgical field, and unstable surgical view resulted from unnecessary movement of laparoscope (shaking surgical field) by assist surgeons, magnifying tremor of laparoscopic instrument, and unexpected movement of laparoscopic instrument by another assist-surgeon can accidentally produce inappropriate environment for safe laparoscopic surgery. To the contrary, stable 3-D surgical field provided by robot surgical system, wrist like movement of instrument, stationary holding of fourth arm movement (to replace the role of assistant surgeon in laparoscopic surgery) seems to produce very appropriate surgical environment for safe laparoscopic HBP surgery. Therefore, robot is thought to be very appropriate for function-preserving minimal invasive HBP surgery.

Our hospital have started laparoscopic cholecystectomy in 1991, and after thenmany surgeons have been trained in the era of laparoscopic and minimallyinvasive surgery. Since then numerous procedures have been applied for alaparoscopic surgery, and many patients have been benefited as a result. Wehave performed the first automated surgery in Korea using Automated EndoscopicSystem for Optimal Positioning (AESOP) in June, 1996.With the help of Inbae Yoon’s(a 1961 graduate of our medical school) inspirationand donation, our hospital has started “IB Yoon Multi-Specialty EndoscopicResearch & Training Center” in 1998. As we started the robotic surgery we havechange the name to “Severance Robotic and Minimally Invasive Surgery Center”in March 2005. These infrastructures enables us the expansion of laparoscopicsurgery and inspires many surgeons to understand principles and equipments oflaparoscopic and robotic surgery. We performed the first robotic surgery usingda Vinci system in July, 2005. During 5 and half years after introducing theda Vinci surgical system in 2005 we have performed more than 10000 cases ofrobotic surgery successfully. With collaboration between medicine and roboticengineering company, we are developing our own version of Korean roboticsystem.In conventional laparoscopic surgery, limited motion of laparoscopic instruments,2-D surgical field, and unstable surgical view resulted from unnecessary movementof laparoscope (shaking surgical field) by assist surgeons, magnifying tremor oflaparoscopic instrument, and unexpected movement of laparoscopic instrumentby another assist-surgeon can accidentally produce inappropriate environmentfor safe laparoscopic surgery. To the contrary, stable 3-D surgical field providedby robot surgical system, wrist like movement of instrument, stationary holdingof fourth arm movement (to replace the role of assistant surgeon in laparoscopicsurgery) seems to produce very appropriate surgical environment for safelaparoscopic HBP surgery. Therefore, robot is thought to be very appropriate forfunction-preserving minimal invasive HBP surgery.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in dentofacial morphology of non-orthodontically treated female patients with TMJ disk displacement. METHODS: The sample consisted of 25 Korean female patients with bilateral TMJ disk displacement who visited the Department of Orthodontics, Seoul National University Dental Hospital from 1996 to 2006. Disk displacements were diagnosed using the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of both TMJs. Baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2) lateral cephalograms were analyzed. The mean age of samples at T1 was 18.1 +/- 3.5 years (range 14.2 - 25.8 years) and at T2, 21.1 +/- 3.5 years (range 16.2 - 28.0 years). The mean observation period was 3.0 +/- 1.9 years. Descriptive statistics for each variable were calculated at baseline (T1) and follow-up (T2) stages, and during the observation period (T2-T1). RESULTS: Skeletal changes were found in 64% of the non-orthodontically treated female patients with TMJ disk displacement during the observation period. The L1 to Mandibular plane distance (mm) increased significantly by 0.8 mm (p < 0.01). But there were no significant differences in the other dental relationship variables (overjet, overbite, U1 to palatal plane) during the observation period. Most patients with skeletal changes showed a backward rotation of the mandible. The ratio of the rotation was a decrease of SNB by 0.43degrees for every 1degrees increase of FMA (Spearman rho = -0.660, p < 0.01). A few patients showed a distal shift of the mandible without rotation or significant changes in the vertical dimension. CONCLUSIONS: During observation periods without orthodontic treatment, non-growing patients with TMJ disk displacement showed dentoskeletal changes, mainly backward rotation of the mandible.
Displacement (Psychology) ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Longitudinal Studies ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Mandible ; Orthodontics ; Overbite ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders

PURPOSE: Nocturnal enuresis is one of the most common disorders of childhood, occurring in 15% of 5 year-old children. Although usually self-limiting, justification for early treatment has been founded in psyc hological impact on the child. Many investigators have reported upon the effectiveness of prospectively studied to compare the therapeutic effect between imipramine (Tofranil) and desmopressin (Minirin/1-Desamino-8-D-Arginine Vasopressin: DDAVP) on the monosymptomatic enuretic patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 83 enuretic patients (primary enuresis 64 cases, secondary enuresis 19 cases) were randomized th one of two groups: imipramine group(44 cases) or desmopressin group (39 cases). They were free of other abnormalities in the screening tests. In addition to drug therapy, all of cases were performed motivational counselling, reduction of fluid in take prior to bedtime and voiding diary. The efficacy of drug was measured in reduction of the number of wet nights per week. During the treatment period, 83 cases were classified as excellent (0 to 1 wet night per week), good (over 59% reduction of wet night)and failed responder(less than 50% reduction of wet night). RESULTS: Average age of imipramine group and desmopressin group was 9.3 years (range 5-17) and 9.6 years (range 5-17), respectively. The number of wet nights per week decreased respectively from a mean of 6.1 to 3.4 in imipramine group are from a mean of 6.4 to 2.3 in desmopressin group. Average therapeutic duration and overall response rate in the imipeamine group and desmopressin group was 9.1 weeks, 6.7 weeks (p<0.05) and 90.9%, 95.9%, respectively (p<0.05). The overall relapse rate of imipramine group and desmopressin group was 40.0% and 40.8% during the follow-up period of 3 months after cessation of medication in excellent responders. There was no difference in the therapeutic effects between primary and secondary enuresis on each drug therapy. There was also on no difference in the therapeutic response according to constipation. No serious side effects were observed in both groups. CONCLUSIONS: These data suggest that the overall effects of imipramine and desmopressin are excellent. But desmopressin has more effective therapeutic response and more shorter therapeutic duration as compared with imipramine.
Child ; Child, Preschool ; Constipation ; Deamino Arginine Vasopressin* ; Drug Therapy ; Enuresis ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Imipramine* ; Mass Screening ; Nocturnal Enuresis ; Prospective Studies ; Recurrence ; Research Personnel ; Vasopressins

The one event on signaling mechanism is the cleavage by adenyl cyclase of ATP into second messenger, cyclic AMP. The other transfer system of inositol metabolism, it is widely recognized that hydrolysis of the minor membrane lipid phosphoinositide bisphosphate (PIP₂) initiated by occupation of certain receptors and catalyzed by phospholipase C, lead to toe generation of the two intracellular messengers, inositol triphosphate (IP₃) and diacylglycerol (DG). IP₃ is converted to inositol tetrakisphosphate (IP₄) by IP₃ kinase. In the present study, it is that purification of calmodulin is used by phenyl-Sepharose CL-4B chromatography, it's molecular weigh, 17,000 in SDS-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis. In order to observe the affinity between calmodulin (CaM)-Affigel 15 and IP₃ kinase, and isolated IP₃ kinase, was applied in CaM-Affigel with Ca²⁺ equilibrium buffer and EGTA equilibrium buffer. We compared with binding and elution effect of IP₃ kinase in several condition of buffer. In affinity of binding, Ca²⁺ equilibrium buffer was in the most proper condition, and elution, CaM/Ca²⁺buffer (CE 1 10.36, CE2 12.76pM/min/mg of protein) was effected much more than EGTA buffer (E2 1.48, E 2.43pM/min/mg of protein), but CaM/Ca²⁺stimulate the activity of IP₃ kinase. And then, several detergents such as sodium deoxycholate, tween 20, cholic acid, polyethylene glycol, chaps were applied. The 0.2% chaps buffer (E2 23.19, E3 8.05pnM/min/mg of protein) was the most effective in elution of IP3 kinase.
Adenosine Triphosphate ; Adenylyl Cyclases ; Brain* ; Calmodulin ; Cholic Acid ; Chromatography ; Cyclic AMP ; Deoxycholic Acid ; Detergents ; Egtazic Acid ; Electrophoresis ; Hydrolysis ; Inositol* ; Membranes ; Metabolism ; Occupations ; Phosphotransferases* ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Polysorbates ; Second Messenger Systems ; Toes ; Type C Phospholipases

No abstract available.
Panniculitis, Peritoneal*