No abstract available.
Lipomatosis*

No abstract available.
Leptospirosis*

The clinical triad of relapsing iritis, ulcers of the mouth and genitalia was first described in 1939 by Hulusi Behcet. This entity, originally confined to the above triad of symptoms appears to be systemic disease manifested by skin lesion, thrombophlebitis, neurologic, cardiovascular or visceral symptoms. The vascular involvement in Behcet's syndrome has been reported since Mischima first described a case in 1961, four types of vascular lesion are freuqnetly observed most commonly on the inferior or superior vena cava. Treatments consist of anticoagulation and administering oral steroids. We report a case of SVC obstruction in 36 years old female patient with Behcet's syndrome.
Adult ; Behcet Syndrome* ; Female ; Genitalia ; Humans ; Iritis ; Mouth ; Skin ; Steroids ; Thrombophlebitis ; Ulcer ; Vena Cava, Superior

To assess the childhood immunization level of uran and rural areas, 250 mothers of 6-23 months old children residing in Namsan 1 Dong, Taegu, and 264 mothers of the same age children residing in five areas of Kyungsan Gun where community health practitioners are assigned were interviewed in March, 1984. Immunization rate for BCG was 98.0% in urban area and 95.8% in rural area. Among children who had BCG vaccination 91.4% of them were immunized within 1 month after birth in urban area and 88.1% in rural area. The percentage of children who received three doses of DPT vaccine was 83.2% in urban, and 87.5% in rural area and that for the polio vaccine was 80.8% in urban and 87.9% in rural area. Only a few children have never been immunized with either BCG or DPT or polio vaccine. Overall immunization rate for measles was 64.4% in urban area while it was 55.3% in rural area and that for mumps and rubella was 50.4% in urban area as compared with 36.0% in rural area. However, among children of 15 months old and above the percentage of measles vaccination was 85.3% in urban area and 73.7% in rural area. Mumps and rubella vaccination rate was 77.6% in urban area and 62.4% in rural area. These differences in measles, mumps and rubella vaccination rates between urban and rural areas were statistically significant (p<0.05). Such findings as improved immunization level, no significant differences in BCG, DPT and polio vaccination rate between urban and rural areas, and fewer mothers in rural area have not vaccinated their children than mothers in urban area because of their ignorance may be attributed to the general improvement of living standard and implementation of the maternal and child health services of the government. Nevertheless many of the mothers in rural as well as urban area have not immunized their children on time and measles, mumps and rubella vaccination rates are substantially lower than other childhood immunizations. Future immunization activity should be geared to reinforcing these areas.
Child ; Child Health Services ; Daegu ; Diphtheria-Tetanus-Pertussis Vaccine ; Gyeongsangbuk-do ; Humans ; Immunization ; Infant ; Measles ; Mothers ; Mumps ; Mycobacterium bovis ; Parturition ; Poliomyelitis ; Rubella ; Socioeconomic Factors ; Vaccination

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of VDT work on eyes and vision among workers in a TV manufacturing plant. The study subjects consisted of 264 screen workers and 74 non-screen workers who were less than 40 years old male and had no history of opthalmic diseases such as corneal opacities, trauma, keratitis, etc and whose visual acuity on pre-employment health examination by Han's test chart was 1.0 or above. The screen workers were divided into two groups by actual time for screen work in a day; Group 1, 60 workers, lesser than 4 hours a day and group 11, 204 workers, more than 4 hours a day. From July to October 1992 a questionnaire was administered to all the study subjects for the general charateristics and subjective eye symptoms after which the opthalmologic tests such as visual acuity, spherical equivalent, lacrimal function, ocular pressure, slit lamp test, fundoscopy were conducted by one opthalmologist. The proportion of workers whose present visual acuity was decreased more than 0. 15 in comparison with that on the pre-employment health examination by Han's test chart was 20.6% in Group Ii, 15.0% in Group I and 14.9% in non-screen workers. However, the differences in proportion were not statistically significant. The proportion of workers with decreased visual acuity was not associated with the age, working duration, use of magnifying glass and type of shift work (independent variables) in all of the three groups. However, screen workers working under poor illumination had a higher proportion of persons with decreased visual acuity than those working under adequate illumination (P<0.05). The proportion of workers whose near vision was decreased was 27.5% in Group II, 18.3% in Group I, and 28.4% in non-screen workers and these differences in proportion were not statistically significant. Changes of near vision were not associated with 4 independent variables in all of the three groups. Six out of sever-subjective eye symptoms except tearing were more common in Group I than in non-screen workers and more common in Group II than in Group I (P<0.01). Mean of the total scores for seven subjective symptoms of each worker (2 points for always, 1 point for sometimes, 0 point for never) was not significantly different between workers with decreased visual acuity and workers with no vision change. However, mean of the total scores for Group II was higher than those for the Group I and non-screen workers (P < 0. 01). Total eye symptom scores were significantly correlated with the grade of screen work, use of magnifying glass, and type of shift work. There was no independent variable which was correlated with the difference in visual acuity between the pre-employment health examination and the present state, the difference between far and near visions, lacrimal function, ocular pressure, and spherical equivalent. Multiple linear regression analysis for the subjective eye symptom scores revealed a positive linear relationship with actual time for screen work and shift work(P<0.01). In this study it was not observed that the VDT work decreased visual acuity but it induces subjective eye symptoms such as eye fatigue, blurred vision, ocular discomfort, etc. Maintenance of adequate illumination in the, work place and control of excessive VDT work are recommended to prevent such eye symptoms.
Adult ; Asthenopia ; Corneal Opacity ; Glass ; Humans ; Keratitis ; Lighting ; Linear Models ; Male ; Plants* ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Tears ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity ; Workplace

The activities of general physicians (GPs) in health subcenters and their competency for clinical skills were assessed to develop a scheme to improve the training program. One hundred-twenty GPs in southern four provinces (Kyungpook Kyungnam, Chunpook, Chunnam) were randomly selected and 97 were interviewed between January 9 and February 10, 1984. Of the 97 GPs, 86 provided all the information we requested. Average number of patient visits per health subcenter in a day was 30-40 in the demonstration project area for the class II medical insurance whereas it was 3-4 visits in other area. The interviewees asked to rate their competency in 63 clinical skills. The skills in which over 50% of the interviewees rated themselves competent were only 12 items including IM injection, IV injection, wound dressing, etc. Less than 10% of the interviewees rated themselves competent in such skills as maternal health care, emergency medical care, preventive and promotive health services. Most part of the training program of the NIH for the GPs were not applicable to their field work as the training contents were unrealistic. Clinical training at a local general hospital was of great help in 38.8% and the rest of training was not much helpful as the training was inadequate due to lack of trainer or indifference of the trainer. For more effective training of the GPs, the training program of the NIH should be modified to be more realistic and utilize competent field workers as the instructors. It may be more effective if the training is carried out at several local centers. Ideal length of the clinical training for the GPs is 4 months. A pocketbook should be developed that includes specific skills to master during the clinical training and require the trainer to confirm the achievement. The Ministry of Health and Social Affairs should provide the training hospitals with a training guideline and evaluate the training activities and make sure that the training hospital has specialist for each of the 4 major clinical departments. The Ministry of Health and Social Affairs shuld provide the GPs with a continuing education to assist the problem solving in the field and motivate them to activitely carry out the health program. A province may be divided into several regions and a supervisory committee may be organized with specialists in each region. The committee may hold a meeting for the GPs periodically and respond to the specific questions of the GPs by mail.
Bandages ; Clinical Competence ; Education* ; Education, Continuing ; Emergencies ; Gyeongsangnam-do ; Health Personnel ; Health Services ; Hospitals, General ; Humans ; Insurance ; Maternal Health ; Postal Service ; Problem Solving ; Specialization ; Teaching ; Wounds and Injuries

Two young men were seen with nausea, vomiting, dermatitis, seizure after two-four days of occupational exposure to caprolactam, a nylon fiber precursor. There were no significant results in laboratory test, brain CT, EEG except leukocytosis, hyperglycemia. Caprolactam has been shown to induce convulsive disorder in experimental animal studios and Tuma et al (1981) described that one worker acutely exposed to caprolactam developed generalized tonic-clonic seizure with leukocytosis. The coincidence of typical skin lesion with otherwise unexplained generalized tonic-clonic seizure in those young man strongly suggests that caprolactam was causal agent.
Animals ; Brain ; Caprolactam* ; Dermatitis ; Electroencephalography ; Humans ; Hyperglycemia ; Leukocytosis ; Male ; Nausea ; Nylons ; Occupational Exposure ; Seizures* ; Skin ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: Acute appendicitis still remains one of the most common causes of childhood abdominal surgery. Despite of the development of modern diagnostic tools, it presents more serious problems than in adults due to the higher perforation rate. METHODS: In our hospital, 5-year term clinical reviews have been performed, over the last 2 decades to see if there were any changing tendencies of this disease entity. We reviewed 186 cases of child acute appendicitis between January 1997 and December 2001. RESULTS: The results were as follows: 1) The male to female ratio was 1.35: 1. 2) The peak incidence occurred in the 11 to 15 years old age group. 3) The overall perforation rate was 24.7%, which was decreased compared with 34.7% of our previous study (P<0.05, Odd ratio=0.60). 4) The negative exploration rate was 8.06%. 5) The overall complication rate were 2.85% and 32.6% in non-perforated and perforated cases, respectively. CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the incidence of acute appendicitis were shown to be almost the same as for the previous decade, but the perforation rate had dropped, maybe due to the early intervention, and advances in the diagnostic tools.
Adult ; Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Early Intervention (Education) ; Female ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male

PURPOSE: To analyze the stress distribution of the implant and its supporting structures through 3D finite elements analysis for implants with different hexagon heights and to make the assessment of the mechanical stability and the effect of the elements. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Infinite elements modeling with CAD data was designed. The modeling was done as follows; an external connection type Phi 4.0 mm x11.5 mm Osste(R) USII (Osstem Co., Pusan, Korea) implant system was used, the implant was planted in the mandibular first molar region with appropriate prosthetic restoration, the hexagon (implant fixture's external connection) height of 0.0, 0.7, 1.2, and 1.5 mm were applied. ABAQUS 6.4 (ABAQUS, Inc., Providence, USA) was used to calculate the stress value. The force distribution via color distribution on each experimental group's implant fixture and titanium screw was studied based on the equivalent stress (von Mises stress). The maximum stress level of each element (crown, implant screw, implant fixture, cortical bone and cancellous bone) was compared. RESULTS: The hexagonal height of the implant with external connection had an influence on the stress distribution of the fixture, screw and upper prosthesis and the surrounding supporting bone. As the hexagon height increased, the stress was well distributed and there was a decrease in the maximum stress value. If the height of the hexagon reached over 1.2 mm, there was no significant influence on the stress distribution. CONCLUSION: For implants with external connections, a hexagon is vital for stress distribution. As the height of the hexagon increased, the more effective stress distribution was observed.
Dental Implants ; Molar ; Plants ; Prostheses and Implants ; Titanium

PURPOSE: To evaluate the usefulness of MR urography(MRU) using Half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbospin-echo(HASTE) sequence compared with conventional intravenous urography(IVU). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirtyfive lesions of 32 patients who underwent MRU because of delayed excretion or nonvisualization of the ureter wereincluded in this study. HASTE MR urography was performed with a 1.0 MR imaging unit. Coronal images includingthose of the kidney, ureter and bladder were obtained in every patient using the multislice technique, and werepostprocessed by means of the maximal intensity projection technique. Scan time was 17-19 seconds. We analyzed theresults of MRU, focusing on level of obstruction, incidence of stone, ureter dilatation, and motion artifact, andin each case compared MRU findings with those of IVU. RESULTS: In 12 of 35 lesions(34.2%), MRU more effectivelydiagnosed causes of obstruction than did IVU, while in seven lesions(20%), MRU and IVU were similar. In eightlesions(22.9%), all of which were caused by a stone, IVU was better than MRU, and in a further eight, neithermodality was able to diagnose the cause. For diagnosis of the level of obstruction, MRU was better than IVU in 20of 35 lesions(57.1%), and similar to IVU in seven(20%). In three lesions(8.6%), neither modality was able todetect the level of obstruction. Four lesions not related to obstruction were polycystic renal disease, cysticrenal change, vesicovaginal fistula and extra-renal pelvis. Dilatation of the ureter was seen in 23lesions(65.8%) on MRU and in seven lesions on IVU. Thus, MRU revealed dilatation of for the ureter more efectivelythan IVU. CONCLUSION: MRU using HASTE was valuable for the detection of underlying causes and levels ofobstruction in the urinary tract, and of abnormalities in surrounding structures in patients with non-visualization of the kidney or delayed contrast excretion of the ureter, as seen on delayed IVU urogram.
Artifacts ; Diagnosis ; Dilatation ; Humans ; Hydronephrosis ; Incidence ; Kidney ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Pelvis ; Polycystic Kidney Diseases ; Ureter ; Urinary Bladder ; Urinary Tract ; Urography* ; Vesicovaginal Fistula