PURPOSE: This study was done to identify effects of a smoking cessation program including telephone counseling and text messaging using stages of change for outpatients who have had a myocardial infarction (MI). METHODS: This research was a quasi-experimental design with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest. The participants were 48 outpatients (experimental group=24, control group=24) recruited from one university hospital. They were randomly assigned to one of two groups: (a) an experimental group with telephone counseling (once a week) and text messaging (five times a week) using stages of change, and (b) a control group with traditional telephone counseling (once a month). Efficacy of the intervention was measured by comparing the two groups on smoking-related variables at 3 weeks and 12 weeks. RESULTS: At the 3-week and 12-week measurements, there were significant differences between the experimental and control groups on smoking cessation self-efficacy (p<.001), nicotine dependence (p<.001), CO levels (p<.001), and smoking cessation rates (p<.001). CONCLUSION: The results indicate that the smoking cessation program including telephone counseling and text messaging using stages of change is effective for outpatients after a MI. Further attention should be paid to the intensity of the smoking cessation program and periods for long-term follow-up.
Adult ; Carbon Monoxide/analysis ; Counseling/*methods ; Female ; Hospitals, University ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Myocardial Infarction/*psychology ; Outpatients ; *Program Evaluation ; Self Efficacy ; *Smoking Cessation ; Telephone ; Text Messaging ; Time Factors ; Tobacco Use Disorder

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the knowledge, attitude and preventive behaviors of tuberculosis in male high school students and to identify the factors influencing preventive behaviors and to provide basic data for the development of prevention programs for tuberculosis of male high school students. METHODS: This study was conducted from May 1, 2018 to May 30, 2018, and six high school students in S city and Y city of Jeonnam were selected. 465 male high school students in the first grade were selected. Collected data were analyzed using t-test, ANOVA, pearsons's correlation and Multiple regression analysis by SPSS/WIN 21.0 program RESULTS: As a result, the knowledge score was 11.92, the attitude score was 28.32 and the prevention behavior score was 30.07. All of these correlations were statistically correlated. In addition, factors influencing preventive actions against tuberculosis were attitude toward tuberculosis, exercise, health status, and sleep time CONCLUSIONS: Based on the above results, it is thought that to improve the preventive behavior of tuberculosis in male high school students, it is necessary to develop a practice-oriented program for forming healthy lifestyle as well as to change the attitude toward tuberculosis positively.
Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Life Style ; Male* ; Tuberculosis*

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to identify the correlation coefficient of knowledge about multicultural, and attitude toward migrant wives by nursing Students. METHODS: Research participants of this study were 212 students attending nursing university in Seoul, Gyeonggi-do, Jeollanam-do. A self-report instrument was used to measure knowledge about multicultural and attitudes toward migrant wives. Descriptive statistics, t-test, Mann-Whitney test, ANOVA and Pearson's correlation analysis with SPSS/Win 20.0 were used. RESULTS: The mean knowledge about multicultural was 8.10 out of 13 and the mean attitudes toward migrant wives was 2.45 out of 5. Factors affecting knowledge about multicultural were age. Factors affecting attitudes toward migrant wives were age, residential district, experience of overseas trip, experience of living abroad and foreign language fluency. There was a positive correlation between knowledge about multicultural and attitudes toward migrant wives. CONCLUSION: Developing knowledge about multicultural and positive attitudes toward migrant wives is necessary in nursing school curricula. Therefore, nursing educator should make actual and effective education program.
Curriculum ; Education ; Gyeonggi-do ; Humans ; Jeollanam-do ; Nursing* ; Schools, Nursing ; Seoul ; Spouses* ; Students, Nursing* ; Transients and Migrants*

BACKGROUND: Therapeutic leukapheresis is the cytoreduction procedure performed before chemotherapy in patients with hyperleukocytosis for prevention of complication. However, there have been clinical concerns about bleeding tendency due to anticoagulant used during the procedure. The aim of our study was to compare the clinical characteristics and hematological parameters before and after therapeutic leukapheresis in order to evaluate its effect on bleeding tendency and to provide a guideline for treatment strategy. METHODS: The clinical data for 39 procedures of therapeutic leukapheresis performed on 17 patients with hyperleukocytosis from May 2005 to October 2013 at the National Cancer Center were reviewed retrospectively. RESULTS: The patients consisted of 11 males and six females. The mean age was 41 years old (range, 8~74). The mean number of therapeutic leukapheresis per patient was two (range, 1~4). Clinical symptoms improved in 14 patients (82%) after therapeutic leukapheresis and three patients (18%) were not yet to improve. The mean WBC count was significantly reduced by 32.6% (+/-17.4) after therapeutic leukapheresis, from 250,146/microL (+/-117,000) to 174,702/microL (+/-104,700) (P<0.001). The mean volume of single removal was 298 ml with 4.25x10(11)/L (+/-1.54) WBCs. After therapeutic leukapheresis, the mean platelet count showed a decline from 85x10(9)/L (+/-43) to 71x10(9)/L (+/-26). However, the prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) did not show a significant increase (PT, P=0.637; aPTT, P=0.054). CONCLUSION: Therapeutic leukapheresis is demonstrated as an effective and safe treatment that can improve symptoms and reduce leukocytes in hyperleukocytosis.
Drug Therapy ; Female ; Hemorrhage ; Humans ; Leukapheresis* ; Leukocytes ; Leukostasis ; Male ; Partial Thromboplastin Time ; Platelet Count ; Prothrombin Time ; Retrospective Studies

PURPOSE: To assess the incidence of neonatal hearing loss in a neonatal intensive care unit and the relative importance of risk factors for hearing imparement in a neonatal intensive care unit which the Joint Committee on Infant Hearing(JCIH) had recommended. METHODS: One thousand, two hundred and one newborns admitted to the Good Moonhwa Intensive Care Unit from May 2003 to December 2005 were assesed using the automated auditory brainstem response(AABR). The screening was performed on those aged more than 36 weeks and weighing more than 2,200 g. We divided the infants into two groups, 'pass' and 'refer'. The 'refer' group were retested one month later, and if classified as 'refer' during the retest, were referred to a hearing impairment clinic. RESULTS: From the 1,201 neonates, 1,187(98.8 percent) passed the test and 14(1.2 percent) failed. 293(24.4 percent) of the 1,201 neonates had a risk factor for hearing impairment; 282(96.2 percent) passed the test and 11(3.8 percent) failed. The group with risk factors were shown to have a higher incidence of hearing loss(P<0.001). The neonates in the refer group were shown to have a higher incidence of ototoxic drugs(P<0.001), low birth weight(<1,500 g)(P<0.001) and craniofacial anomalies(P=0.007). On the other hand, there were no statistical differences between the pass and refer groups in congenital infection, hyperbilirubinemia, bacterial meningitis, low Apgar scores, prolonged mechanical ventilation and syndromes known to include hearing loss. CONCLUSION: In order to identify hearing-impaired infants within an appropriate period, neonatal hearing screening tests and identification of the risk factors for neonatal hearing loss are important.
Brain Stem ; Equidae ; Hand ; Hearing Loss* ; Hearing* ; Humans ; Hyperbilirubinemia ; Incidence* ; Infant ; Infant, Newborn ; Intensive Care Units ; Intensive Care, Neonatal* ; Joints ; Mass Screening ; Meningitis, Bacterial ; Parturition ; Respiration, Artificial ; Risk Factors*

We describe a girl with Diamond-Blackfan anemia with accompanying red cell enolase deficiency. At the age of 9 yr old, the patient received allogeneic bone marrow transplantation from her HLA-identical sister who had normal red cell enolase activity. While the post transplant DNA analysis with short tandem repeat has continuously demonstrated a stable mixed chimerism on follow-up, the patient remains transfusion independent and continues to show a steady increase in red cell enolase activity for over two and a half years following bone marrow transplantation.
*Anemia, Diamond-Blackfan/blood/enzymology/surgery ; Bone Marrow Cells/cytology/metabolism ; *Bone Marrow Transplantation ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Erythrocytes/*enzymology ; Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase/genetics/*metabolism ; *Transplantation, Homologous

BACKGROUND: Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Coffee has antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that have been shown to be inversely related to the mechanism of sarcopenia. While there have been some studies on the effect of coffee on sarcopenia in animals, studies on the topic in humans are rare. Therefore, we investigated this relationship in elderly Korean men. METHODS: The cross-sectional data were derived from the 2008–2011 Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. After applying the exclusion criteria, the study sample consisted of 1,781 men who were at least 60 years of age. Study participants were identified as having sarcopenia if their appendicular skeletal muscle mass divided by height squared was less than two standard deviations below the gender-specific mean of this value for young adults. Daily coffee consumption amounts were categorized as <1 cup, 1 cup, 2 cups, and ≥3 cups. RESULTS: Compared to the group of individuals who drank less than one cup of coffee a day, people who consumed at least 3 cups (adjusted odds ratio, 0.43; 95% confidence interval, 0.20 to 0.94) showed significantly decreased sarcopenia; however, the decrease was not significant when the daily coffee consumption was 1 or 2 cups. In multivariate logistic regression models, significant associations were observed between sarcopenia and coffee consumption (P for trend=0.039). CONCLUSION: The results of this study suggest that consuming at least 3 cups of coffee per day was associated with a lower prevalence of sarcopenia in elderly Korean elderly men.
Aged* ; Animals ; Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Coffee* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Logistic Models ; Male ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Nutrition Surveys* ; Odds Ratio ; Prevalence ; Sarcopenia* ; Young Adult

PURPOSE: This study aimed to identify the true extent of non-responsiveness in full-term infants born from HBsAg-negative or HBsAg-positive mothers and vaccinated against hepatitis B virus (HBV) at 0, 1, and 6 months of age and to evaluate the effect of revaccination among non-responders. METHODS: The study included 716 full-term infants born in 2004-2007. Of 716, 662 infants (A group) were born to HBsAg- negative mothers and 54 infants (B group: 50, except HBsAg-positive infants) were born to HBsAg-positive mothers. All infants were administered DNA recombinant vaccines at 0, 1, and 6 months of age. B group infants received hepatitis B immunoglobulin at birth. Anti-HBs titers were tested at 7-12 and 9-15 months in A and B groups, respectively. Three revaccination doses were administered to non-responders whose anti-HBs titers were under 10 mIU/ml; revaccinated infants were retested at 1-3 months after last vaccination. The association between HBeAg seropositivity of mother and the failure of HBV immunoprophylaxis was evaluated. RESULTS: The seroconversion rates after primary hepatitis B vaccination were higher in A group (94.1%) than in B group (78%, P<0.001). The seroconversion rates were high in revaccinated infants (A group non-responders: 96.9%, B group non- responders: 87.5%). The failure of HBV immunoprophylaxis was significantly associated with maternal HBeAg seropositivity (P<0.001). CONCLUSION: The seroconversion rates after primary hepatitis B vaccination were low in B group infants. Revaccination of non-responders in B group was very effective. Therefore, anti-HBs testing and revaccination of B group is very important. Revaccination of non-responders in A group was also very effective. Thus, testing the immune status of infants born to HBsAg-negative mothers even after primary hepatitis B vaccination should be considered. However, to realize this, further studies on the cost-effectiveness of anti-HBs testing in healthy full-term infants are necessary.
DNA ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis B ; Hepatitis B e Antigens ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Immunization, Secondary ; Immunoglobulins ; Infant ; Mothers ; Parturition ; Vaccination ; Vaccines, Synthetic

BACKGROUND: Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) is a common condition in males over 40 years old, and the incidence of BPH has a tendency to increase with age. Obesity is state of excessive accumulation of fat in the body that leads to changes in the body's metabolism and endocrine function. Therefore, progression of BPH occurs in the obese state according to many articles. The purpose of this study was to compare the efficacy of obesity indices which correlate with prostate volume. METHODS: The study was carried out in 285 males, who visited a health promotion center and underwent transrectal ultrasonography and abdominal fat computed tomography from April, 2010 to June, 2013. Anthropometric parameters were measured directly and blood samples were obtained in the morning after over eight hours of fasting. The correlation between obesity indices and prostate volume was analyzed. RESULTS: After adjusting for age, prostate volume was positively correlated with BMI (r=0.227, P<0.001), waist circumference (WC) (r=0.151, P=0.011), waist to height ratio (WHtR) (r=0.149, P=0.012), and visceral fat area (VFA) (r=0.157, P=0.008). However prostate volume showed no correlation with subcutaneous fat area (SFA) and visceral to subcutaneous ratio (VSR). WHtR had the largest area under the curve (AUC) for the identification of prostate volume more than 30 mL (AUC=0.595, P=0.017) followed by VFA and BMI in order. CONCLUSION: Prostate volume was positively correlated with BMI, WC, WHtR, and VFA among the obesity indices and WHtR had the largest AUC followed by VFA and BMI in order.
Abdominal Fat ; Area Under Curve ; Fasting ; Health Promotion ; Humans ; Incidence ; Intra-Abdominal Fat ; Male ; Metabolism ; Obesity ; Prostate ; Prostatic Hyperplasia ; Subcutaneous Fat ; Ultrasonography ; Waist Circumference

One-third of the global population aged 15 years and older engages in insufficient physical activities, which affects health. However, the health risks posed by sedentary behaviors are not well known. The mean daily duration of sedentary behavior is 8.3 hours among the Korean population and 7.7 hours among the American adult population. Sedentary lifestyles are spreading worldwide because of a lack of available spaces for exercise, increased occupational sedentary behaviors such as office work, and the increased penetration of television and video devices. Consequently, the associated health problems are on the rise. A sedentary lifestyle affects the human body through various mechanisms. Sedentary behaviors reduce lipoprotein lipase activity, muscle glucose, protein transporter activities, impair lipid metabolism, and diminish carbohydrate metabolism. Furthermore, it decreases cardiac output and systemic blood flow while activating the sympathetic nervous system, ultimately reducing insulin sensitivity and vascular function. It also alters the insulin-like growth factor axis and the circulation levels of sex hormones, which elevates the incidence of hormone-related cancers. Increased sedentary time impairs the gravitostat, the body’s weight homeostat, and weight gain, adiposity, and elevated chronic inflammation caused by sedentary behavior are risk factors for cancer. Sedentary behaviors have wide-ranging adverse impacts on the human body including increased all-cause mortality, cardiovascular disease mortality, cancer risk, and risks of metabolic disorders such as diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia; musculoskeletal disorders such as arthralgia and osteoporosis; depression; and, cognitive impairment. Therefore, reducing sedentary behaviors and increasing physical activity are both important to promote public health.