Lobular capillary hemangioma (LCH) is a benign lesion of unknown etiology. LCH is a rapidly growing lesion usually affecting skin and oral mucosa. It is known to be relatively rare in the nasal cavity or sinuses. LCH bleeds easily even with a little irritation because of its excessive vascularity. Hormonal imbalance and microtrauma are known as the major etiologic factors in the development of LCH. The authors experienced a case of multiple LCH in the nasal cavity, which was completely removed with endoscopic approach. According to the literature review, there has been no case report on multiple lobular capillary hemangioma occurring in the nasal cavity. Therefore, the authors report a case with a review of literatures.
Granuloma, Pyogenic* ; Hemangioma, Capillary ; Mouth Mucosa ; Nasal Cavity ; Nasal Septum* ; Neoplasms, Multiple Primary ; Skin

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The etiology of vestibular neuritis is unknown. Many investigators have suggested that this condition spares the inferior vestibular nerve system. However, others have reported that the lesion sometimes affects the inferior vestibular nerve system based on vestibular evoked myogenic potential. The function of the inferior vestibular nerve was studied in acute vestibular neuritis by monitoring medial olivocochlear bundle (MOCB) function. Under normal conditions, contralateral acoustic stimulation has inhibitory effects on ipsilateral otoacoustic emissions through the MOCB. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Twenty patients that presented with dizziness and spontaneous nystagmus, and were confirmed to have acute vestibular neuritis by rotatory chair and caloric testing were enrolled in this study. We evaluated the evoked otoacoustic emissions with and without contralateral acoustic stimulation in both ears in all patients. The percent loss of normal inhibitory action on otoacoustic emissions was determined in the normal and affected ears. RESULTS: All patients showed inhibitory effects in response to contralateral acoustic stimulation on evoked otoacoustic emissions in normal ears. Fifteen patients (75%) had an absence of contralateral suppression of otoacoustic emissions on the affected side. CONCLUSION: The findings of this study suggest the presence of dysfunction of the MOCB in patients with acute vestibular neuritis.
Acoustic Stimulation ; Caloric Tests ; Dizziness ; Ear ; Humans ; Research Personnel ; Vestibular Nerve ; Vestibular Neuronitis

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is common in the elderly. There are increasing evidence that endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) can be used to manage geriatric patients safely, although there are still concerns about complications after ESS. Therefore, the clinical effect and the safety of ESS in old patients was evaluated in the present study. SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Retrospective observational studies were performed based on medical records of patients over the age of 70 and who underwent ESS for CRS from January 2009 to December 2017. The clinical effect of ESS was assessed by comparing the sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT-22) scores before and 3 months after surgery. The safety of the operation was evaluated by the occurrence of postoperative major surgical (skull base, orbital and hemorrhage) and medical (ventricular fibrillation, ischemic attack, primary cardiac arrest, cerebrovascular accident, pneumonia, other organ failure and death) complications. RESULTS: Seventy three subjects were enrolled in this study. Bilateral disease was observed in 37 cases (50.7%), and CRS with nasal polyp was found in 31 cases (42.5%). Eight patients (11.0%) had revision cases. The majority (93.2%) had at least one comorbid condition and got prescribed related medicine (87.7%). There was a significant decrease in SNOT-22 score after surgery. Furthermore, there were no major surgical or medical complications except two cases with epistaxis. CONCLUSION: CRS in geriatric patients can also be treated effectively and safely by ESS as it is done for younger adults. However, as the incidence of comorbidities is high in elderly subjects, it is important to evaluate the risk factors preoperatively.
Adult ; Aged ; Comorbidity ; Epistaxis ; Heart Arrest ; Humans ; Incidence ; Medical Records ; Methods ; Nasal Polyps ; Nasal Surgical Procedures ; Orbit ; Pneumonia ; Quality of Life ; Retrospective Studies ; Risk Factors ; Stroke

Carcinosarcoma of the parotid gland is rare. Furthermore, metachronous bilateral double primary carcinoma of the parotid gland is very rare. We report a case of metachronous bilateral double primary Carcinosarcoma and Squamous cell carcinoma of both parotid glands in the same patient. He received operation and postoperative radiotherapy for a left parotid gland cancer. Four years later, the right parotid gland cancer developed, which was treated by excision followed by radiotherapy. At follow-up, he remained free of disease.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Carcinosarcoma* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Parotid Gland* ; Radiotherapy

Vascular leiomyoma may arise from the muscular layer of blood vessel wall, which is extremely rare in the nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses. According to the online search on pubmed and koreamed, only 62 cases with vascular leiomyoma arising from nasal cavity or paranasal sinuses, including 13 cases of the nasal septum, have been reported since the first case was reported in 1966. The authors experienced a case of vascular leiomyoma arising in the left side of nasal septum in a patient. It was successfully removed by trans-nasal approach. In addition, we conducted a literature review of clinical features of the 62 cases of vascular leiomyoma in the nasal cavity.
Angiomyoma* ; Blood Vessels ; Humans ; Leiomyoma ; Nasal Cavity* ; Nasal Septum ; Paranasal Sinuses

The authors report the clinical features of a huge retropharyngeal second branchial cyst in a 53-year-old woman. The patient showed acute exacerbation of dyspnea and dysphagia. On endoscopic examination and computed tomography (CT), a cyst-like lesion narrowing the oropharynx was observed in the right retropharyngeal space. However, a retropharyngeal abscess was also suspected on some CT images. A cystic mass was found and removed completely via exploration by trans-oral approach. According to the literature review, a branchial cleft anomaly mimicking retropharyngeal abscess is very rare.
Branchial Region ; Branchioma* ; Deglutition Disorders* ; Dyspnea* ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Oropharynx ; Pharynx ; Retropharyngeal Abscess

The authors report the clinical features of huge retropharyngeal cyst, which was confirmed as tubercular abscess, in a 24-year-old woman. Retropharyngeal tuberculosis is a rare type of disease and only four cases have been reported in Korea. In this case, the patient experienced foreign body sensation and hoarseness in the throat. On endoscopic examination and computed tomography, a cyst-like lesion which narrowed the oropharynx was shown in the left retropharyngeal space. The patient was successfully treated with surgical drainage and anti-tubercular therapy.
Abscess ; Drainage ; Female ; Foreign Bodies ; Hoarseness ; Humans ; Korea ; Oropharynx ; Pharynx ; Retropharyngeal Abscess ; Sensation ; Tuberculosis* ; Young Adult

There are occasional complications after tympanostomy tube insertion due either to the operative procedure itself or to the anato-mical or physiological effects of the tubes. Hearing loss, persisting perforation, tympanosclerosis, atrophy, atelectasis, and the development of cholesteatoma have all been attributed to the tympanostomy tubes. The development of a secondary cholesteatoma at the site of the tube placement Grommet cholesteatoma- is a very uncommon complication. We report one case of cholesteatoma associated with tympanostomy tube insertion.
Atrophy ; Cholesteatoma* ; Hearing Loss ; Middle Ear Ventilation ; Myringosclerosis ; Pulmonary Atelectasis ; Surgical Procedures, Operative

Lymphoepithelial carcinoma was first reported in 1962. Since then, about 130 cases have been reported in the English-language literature. Lymphoepithelial carcinoma is a rare tumor of the major salivary gland. Most reported cases have occurred in Asians and Eskimos. We report two cases of lymphoepithelial carcinoma of the major salivary glands and one case of lymphoepithelial carcinoma of unknown origin. They received operation and postoperative radiotherapy. At follow-up, they remained free of disease.
Asian Continental Ancestry Group ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Inuits ; Radiotherapy ; Salivary Glands

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is common in the elderly. There are increasing evidence that endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) can be used to manage geriatric patients safely, although there are still concerns about complications after ESS. Therefore, the clinical effect and the safety of ESS in old patients was evaluated in the present study.SUBJECTS AND METHOD: Retrospective observational studies were performed based on medical records of patients over the age of 70 and who underwent ESS for CRS from January 2009 to December 2017. The clinical effect of ESS was assessed by comparing the sino-nasal outcome test (SNOT-22) scores before and 3 months after surgery. The safety of the operation was evaluated by the occurrence of postoperative major surgical (skull base, orbital and hemorrhage) and medical (ventricular fibrillation, ischemic attack, primary cardiac arrest, cerebrovascular accident, pneumonia, other organ failure and death) complications. RESULTS: Seventy three subjects were enrolled in this study. Bilateral disease was observed in 37 cases (50.7%), and CRS with nasal polyp was found in 31 cases (42.5%). Eight patients (11.0%) had revision cases. The majority (93.2%) had at least one comorbid condition and got prescribed related medicine (87.7%). There was a significant decrease in SNOT-22 score after surgery. Furthermore, there were no major surgical or medical complications except two cases with epistaxis. CONCLUSION CRS in geriatric patients can also be treated effectively and safely by ESS as it is done for younger adults. However, as the incidence of comorbidities is high in elderly subjects, it is important to evaluate the risk factors preoperatively.