No abstract available.
Dislocations* ; Head*

The methods of treatment of discoid meniscus have been in controversy and there are so many reports which represent different results. We analyzed the results of the 91 knees with discoid menisci of 84 patients who had been treated with arthroscopic partial or total meniscectomy, open partial or total meniscectomy, semi-arthroscopic total menisceetomy form June 1982 to Dec. 1987. The puropse of this paper is to present the indication and prognosis of the each method of treatment. There were 45 cases of male, 46 cases of female, and 10 patients were affected both knee. 2 patients who had served arthroscopic partial meniscectomy were reoperated by arthroscopic total meniscectomy due to recurrence of symptom. We classified the types of tear into 7 classes and observed the clinical characteristics and results. The methods we applied were arthroscopic total meniscectomy 40 cases, semi-arthroscopic total meniscectomy 25 cases, arthroscipic partial meniscectomy 16 cases, open partial meniscectomy 3 cases, open total meniscectomy 2 cases, and conservative treatment after arthroscopic diagnosis 5 cases. The follow up cases were 56, and period of follow up was ranged form 11 months to 5 years and 4 months (av. 2 years and 8 months). The results were followings : l. 71.4% of the patients were placed between 11 years and 30 years old, and there was no sexual difference. 2. 11.9% of the patients were affected bilaterally. 3. The commonest clinical symptom and physical sign was clik (67%) and quadriceps muscle atrophy (48.4%) 4. Diagnostic accuracy of knee arthrogram was 88%, but it could not demonstrate the type of tear. In arthrographic finding, the older the patient, the thinner the meniscus was. 5. The commonest type of tear was type V(34.1%) and it was followed by type II (19.8%). 6. There was no difference between the long term results of arthroscopic and semi-arthroscopic total meniscectomy. 7. The results of total meniscectomy is better than partial meniscectomy.8. The method of treatment should be chosen according to the type of terar, so partial meniscectorny is recommended for type II, IV and total meniscictomy is recommended for type III, IV, V and VI. 9. Less hospitalization, earlier recovery, and better result were obtained by the arthroscopic or semi-arthroscopic total meniscectomy.
Atrophy ; Clinical Study ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Hospitalization ; Humans ; Knee ; Male ; Methods ; Prognosis ; Quadriceps Muscle ; Recurrence ; Tears

No abstract available in English.

Objective: The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of disease entities that cause abdominal pain in endstage renal disease (ESRD) patients who visited an emergency department (ED) and to compare differences in diagnoses between hemodialysis (HD) and peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients. Methods: This retrospective observational study included 179 ESRD patients over the age of 18 years who visited an ED with abdominal pain from January 2013 to December 2018. All electronic medical record data were collected and reviewed by a single physician. Results: The most common pathologies regardless of dialysis methods were peritonitis (n=51, 28.5%), nonspecific abdominal pain (NSAP; n=30, 16.8%), acute gastroenteritis (AGE; n=16, 8.9%), gastritis (n=16, 8.9%), and cholecystitis/biliary colic (n=11, 6.1%). In HD patients, the most common diseases were NSAP (n=25, 22.7%), AGE (n=15, 13.6%), gastritis (n=13, 11.8%), and cholecystitis/biliary colic (n=11, 10.0%). In PD patients, peritonitis (n=47, 68.1%), NSAP (n=5, 7.2%), kidney rupture (n=4, 5.8%), and gastritis (n=3, 4.3%) were the most common. The statistically significant disease entities between the two groups were peritonitis (HD: n=4, 4.6%; PD: n=47, 68.1%; P<0.001), cholecystitis/biliary colic (HD: n=11, 10.0%; PD: n=0, 0%; P=0.007), NSAP (HD: n=22, 22.7%; PD: n=5, 7.2%; P=0.007), and AGE (HD:n=15, 13.6%; PD: n=1, 1.4%; P=0.006). Conclusion In PD patients, peritonitis was the most common disease entity, whereas in HD patients, cholecystitis was relatively more common. Except for these two disease entities, the pathologies between the two groups were similar, with NSAP and AGE being the most common.

No abstract available.
Erythroblastosis, Fetal* ; Infant, Newborn

No abstract available.
Anemia, Hypoplastic, Congenital*

BACKGROUND: The determination of serotype of enteroviruses is useful for the discrimination between sporadic and epidemic infections. The conventional serotyping method is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Recently, molecular method was introduced for the serotyping of enteroviruses. The aim of this study was to establish a method to isolate and analyze enteroviruses from various specimens utilizing molecular biological techniques and to determine which strains were phylogenetically related to clinical samples. METHODS: Clinical samples in this study included 164 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 136 stool, 15 sera, 6 throat swab, 5 urine, and 4 sputa, which were obtained from hospitalized patients, primarily infants or children presenting symptoms of aseptic meningitis in 1998. RD cells were used for enterovirus isolation. RT-PCR was performed with RD cell lysate showing CPE. The primers 011 and 012 were used for the VP1 region, and the primers EN1 and EN2 for 5'-UTR. The nucleotide sequences of VP1 region were determined and analyzed with BLAST program. RESULTS: Among 333 samples, only 23 samples produced CPE: 17 samples at first and six samples at the second blind passage. Fifteen isolates were related to coxsackievirus B2 two to echovirus 4, three to echovirus 6, and three to echovirus 18. All 23 viral isolates displayed a nucleotide sequence identity of 80-95%, compared with the reference serotypes. However, the identity was increased up to 93-100% when the VP1 region was translated into amino acids CONCLUSIONS: Since CB2 type was 55% among enteroviral isolates, the CB2 was determined as the major causative serotype of enteroviral meningitis in 1998. CB2 type was emerged between June and July, EC4 and EC6 was limited to July, and EC18 was in August.
Amino Acids ; Base Sequence ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Echovirus 6, Human ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Enterovirus* ; Humans ; Infant ; Meningitis* ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Pharynx ; Serotyping*

BACKGROUND: The determination of serotype of enteroviruses is useful for the discrimination between sporadic and epidemic infections. The conventional serotyping method is time-consuming and labor-intensive. Recently, molecular method was introduced for the serotyping of enteroviruses. The aim of this study was to establish a method to isolate and analyze enteroviruses from various specimens utilizing molecular biological techniques and to determine which strains were phylogenetically related to clinical samples. METHODS: Clinical samples in this study included 164 cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), 136 stool, 15 sera, 6 throat swab, 5 urine, and 4 sputa, which were obtained from hospitalized patients, primarily infants or children presenting symptoms of aseptic meningitis in 1998. RD cells were used for enterovirus isolation. RT-PCR was performed with RD cell lysate showing CPE. The primers 011 and 012 were used for the VP1 region, and the primers EN1 and EN2 for 5'-UTR. The nucleotide sequences of VP1 region were determined and analyzed with BLAST program. RESULTS: Among 333 samples, only 23 samples produced CPE: 17 samples at first and six samples at the second blind passage. Fifteen isolates were related to coxsackievirus B2 two to echovirus 4, three to echovirus 6, and three to echovirus 18. All 23 viral isolates displayed a nucleotide sequence identity of 80-95%, compared with the reference serotypes. However, the identity was increased up to 93-100% when the VP1 region was translated into amino acids CONCLUSIONS: Since CB2 type was 55% among enteroviral isolates, the CB2 was determined as the major causative serotype of enteroviral meningitis in 1998. CB2 type was emerged between June and July, EC4 and EC6 was limited to July, and EC18 was in August.
Amino Acids ; Base Sequence ; Cerebrospinal Fluid ; Child ; Discrimination (Psychology) ; Echovirus 6, Human ; Enterovirus B, Human ; Enterovirus* ; Humans ; Infant ; Meningitis* ; Meningitis, Aseptic ; Pharynx ; Serotyping*

In the present study, we attempted to reveal the response of lens on induced traumatic cataract which were removed the anterior capsule with 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm, 4.0 mm size in six rabbits. We examined histopathological change of the wounded lenses by means of the slit-lamp and electronmicroscope. We found opacities in wounded area increased regardless of wound diame-ter. Electronmicroscopic findings were similar to normal single-layer cuboidal anterior epithelial cells at 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm, 4.0 mm one day after injury. There were, however, elongated epithelial cells with abun-dant fine filaments and slightly edematous lens fiber cells in 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm groups at 1 week after injury. These were observed as a small superficial scars at the wound site. We considered these changes as an effort of lens to delay the progression to the total cataract . We noted the widening of intercellular spaces, loss of cell membrane, decrease of intracel-lular organelles and severe change of the lens fiber rows in 4.0 mm group at 3 weeks after injury. We observed these changes as the total cataract in gross. Taken together, we revealed that lens epithelial cells in 0.5 mm, 1.0 mm, 2.0 mm in wound diameter stop the progression toward to the total cataract. However, lens epithelial cells at 4.0 mm in wound diameter could not obstruct the progression toward to the total cataract. We documented different stages of cataract formation and microstructure of the wounded lens, which have different wound sizes.
Cataract* ; Cell Membrane ; Cicatrix ; Epithelial Cells ; Extracellular Space ; Organelles ; Rabbits ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Echocardiography* ; Endocarditis*