No abstract available.
Anesthesia* ; Humans

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Cigarette smoking induces an inflammatory response in the airways, which may play a key role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is one of the cytokines that plays an important role in inducing bronchial inflammation. The aim of this study was to determine if the level of the pro-inflammatory cytokine, Interleukin-6 , is increased when the bronchial epithelial cells are exposed to a cigarette smoke extract (CSE) and an extract from stop smoking-aiding cigarettes, and examined the safety of these commercially available stop smoking-aiding cigarettes. METHOD: Bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to CSE from cigarette and stop smoking-aiding cigarettes for 24 hours. ELISA was used to measure the IL-6 levels in the supernatant from each condition. The IL-6 mRNA levels were measured by Taqman Real time RT-PCR. N-acetyl-L-cysteine(NAC) was added to each condition to determine if NAC can inhibit the release of IL-6 from the bronchial epithelial cells when they are exposed to CSE from cigarette and stop smoking-aiding cigarettes. RESULT: When bronchial epithelial cells were exposed to a CSE from cigarettes and stop smoking- aiding cigarettes, each type of CSE stimulated IL-6 production from the bronchial epithelial cells. The IL-6 mRNA level in the Bronchial epithelial cells was also elevated and NAC was found to inhibit the release of IL-6 from bronchial epithelial cells when they were exposed to the CSE from cigarettes and stop smoking-aiding cigarettes. CONCLUSION: Commercially available stop smoking-aiding cigarette can induce bronchial inflammation and can be harmful to smokers. Therefore, the safety of these cigarettes for smoking cessation should be evaluated.
Cytokines ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay ; Epithelial Cells* ; Inflammation ; Interleukin-6* ; Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive ; RNA, Messenger ; Smoke ; Smoking ; Smoking Cessation ; Tobacco Products*

No abstract available.
Leiomyosarcoma* ; Myosarcoma* ; Rhabdomyosarcoma*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Siblings*

We report a patient with an unusual manifestation of Trichophyton violaceum infection, who lives in Seoul. An 8-year-old male presented an erythematous nodule on the lower eyelid of the left eye which had persisted for 10 weeks. On physical examination, there was no abnormality except a skin lesion on the eyelid. The skin biopsy of the nodule showed epidermal hyperplasia and granulomatous change in the upper dermis. The biopsy specimen yielded Trichophyton uiolaceum on culture. The skin lesion disappeared 2 months after administration of ketoconazole.
Biopsy ; Child ; Dermis ; Eyelids ; Granuloma* ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Ketoconazole ; Male ; Physical Examination ; Seoul ; Skin ; Trichophyton*

No abstract available.
Aneurysm*

No abstract available.
Antibodies* ; Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay* ; Humans ; Immunoglobulin G* ; Immunoglobulin M* ; Tinea*

In 38 patients with traumatic wound dehiscence after cataract surgery, we evaluated the causes and degrees of the injury, surgical methods of repair and the final visual outcome from Aug. 1993 to Apr. 1977. Among 38 patients, twenty-five were men and thirteen were women. In 34 patients, wound dehiscence occurred within one month after cataract surgery. The common causes of wound dehiscence were trauma by the finger or fist (9 patients) and by the contusion (7 patients). But in 16 patients, the exact causes of trauma were not identified. Accompanied ocular findings were prolapsed iris (29 patients) , hyphema (9 patients) , and dislocation of intraocular lens (7 patients). All patients received operations for wound closure, iris reposition, anterior vitrectomy, intraocular lens reposition or removal, and iris partial resection. At the end of follow-up, 27 patients achieved corrected visual acuity 20/40 or over. To prevent wound dehiscence after cataract surgery, we suggest that protective eye shield should be applied at least for a month after surgery.
Cataract* ; Contusions ; Dislocations ; Female ; Fingers ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Hyphema ; Intraoperative Complications ; Iris ; Lenses, Intraocular ; Male ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy ; Wounds and Injuries*

Radiological investigation in patients with clonorchiasis is very important as this is the only method of evaluating the severity of clonorchiasis. In order to correlate the radiologic and pathologic findings of clonorchiasis, fourteen rabbits infested with Clonorchis sinensis and five control rabbits were examined radiologically by ultrasonography, computed tomography and cholangiography and the results were correlated with pathologic findings. Dilatation of the intrahepatic small bile ducts of the liver was due to obstruction by flukes: oval or elliptical small filling defects or irregular margin of the bile ducts on cholangiogram or intraluminal echoes on sonogram represented flukes per se; periductal thickening on sonogram and periductal enhancement of bile ducts on CT were due to inflammatory cell infiltration, adenomatous hyperplasia and periductal fibrosis: band like enhancement at the periphery of the liver on CT represented proliferated bile ducts, destruction of liver cells and resultant fibrosis. The study confirmed the pathological bases for the radiological findings of clonorchiasis in liver and bile ducts and will, perhaps, serve as a basis for the future radiologic-pathological correlation of clonorchiasis and in further clinical and experimental researches in the biliary tract diseases.
Bile Ducts ; Biliary Tract Diseases ; Cholangiography ; Clonorchiasis* ; Clonorchis sinensis ; Dilatation ; Fibrosis ; Humans ; Hyperplasia ; Liver ; Methods ; Rabbits* ; Trematoda ; Ultrasonography

Thirty eyes of thirty patients with coexisting cataract and vitreoretinal disease underwent combined cataract extraction, pars plana vitrectomy and posterior chamber intraocular lens implantaion.Surgical procedures of cataract extraction included phacoemulsification(14 eyes), pars plana lensectomy(11 eyes) and extracapsular lens placed in the capsular bag in 19 eyes following phacoemulsification or extracapsular cataract extraction. Eleven eyes had sulcus fixation of posterior chamber lens following lensectomy.Postoperatviely visual acuity improved in 26 eyes(86.7%), unchanged in 3 eyes(10%) and decreased in 1 eye(3.3%). Final visual acuity was 20/200 or better in 26 eyes(86.75), and 20/40 or better in 11 eyes(36.7%). Postoperative complications included rhegmatogenous retinal detachment with proliferative vitreoretinopathy, neovascular glaucoma and endophthalmitis.Pars plana vitrectomy combined with cataract extraction with posterior chamber intraocular lens implantation maybe useful in reducing cost and providing rapid visual rehabilitation.
Cataract Extraction* ; Cataract* ; Glaucoma, Neovascular ; Humans ; Lens Implantation, Intraocular* ; Lenses, Intraocular* ; Phacoemulsification ; Postoperative Complications ; Rehabilitation ; Retinal Detachment ; Visual Acuity ; Vitrectomy* ; Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative