Carbon monoxide is colorless, oolorless, tasteless and non-irritating gas produced by the incomplete combustion of carbonaceous rnaterial. It combines with hemoglobin and displaces oxygen because the affinity of hemoglobin for carbon monoxide is two hundred times greater than oxygen. Symptoma and signs of carbon monoxide poisoning include headache, nausea, vomiting, dizziness, collapse, unconsciousness, blindness, convulsion, coma and skin lesions. Recently we have observed seven patients with carbon monoxide poisoning who expressed cutaneous syrnptoms. In this work we investigated the pathogenesis of cutaneous manifestations of carbon monoxide poisoning through clinical, histologic and electronmicroscopic study. The results are summarized as follows: 1. Mental states of the patients were comatose in two, Semicomatcse in two, stuporous in two, and drowsy in one patient. In routine laboratory tests, we observed elevated blood sugar in six, elevated sorum creatinine phosphokinase in four and abnormal findings in urinalysis in all patients. 2. Cutaneous lesions were vesicobullae, plaque or swelling, erythema, gangrene and 'ulceration in order of frequency and located in the dependent areas in six caies. 3. Histopathologically, the sites of the bullae were subepidermal in four cases and intraepidermal in. one case and there was one case with ulceration. 4. In electronmicroscopic findings, secretory and ductal cells showed degenerative
Blindness ; Blood Glucose ; Carbon Monoxide Poisoning* ; Carbon Monoxide* ; Carbon* ; Coma ; Creatinine ; Dizziness ; Erythema ; Gangrene ; Headache ; Humans ; Nausea ; Oxygen ; Seizures ; Skin ; Stupor ; Ulcer ; Unconsciousness ; Urinalysis ; Vomiting

No abstract available.
Animals ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Intracranial Aneurysm*

No abstract available.
Pressure Ulcer*

Lipomas are common soft tissue that are usually located in the subcutaneous tissue. And intramuscular lipomas commonly arise in the upper and lower extremities, where they usually involve the large muscles. Intramuscular lipoma, also referred to as an infiltrating lipoma, is an unusual benign slow growing tumor composed of mature fat cell interdigitating with skeletal muscle. However, intramuscular lipomas are exceedingly rare in the face. We have been experienced a case intramuscular lipoma that located in the malar area. Because of the rarity of these tumors and their propensity to recur without adequate surgery, the case report is presented here. Achievement of surgical margin is essential as the recurrent rate may be as high as 15% to 62.5% without complete excision.
Adipocytes ; Lipoma* ; Lower Extremity ; Muscle, Skeletal ; Muscles ; Subcutaneous Tissue

PURPOSE: Edema is one of the cardinal features of nephrotic syndrome. Although the pathogenesis of edema is not entirely understood, it is caused by hypovolemia or hypervolemia by different mechanisms. Accordingly it is important to evaluate the volume status of patients in order to treat the edema, but it is difficult to evaluate the patient's volume status only by clinical parameters. The quotient of urine sodium and potassium excretion UK/(UNa+UK) is introduced as a more useful way to evaluate volume status. In this study we will propose the usefulness of UK/(UNa+UK) in evaluating the volume status of children with nephrotic syndrome. METHODS: Primary nephrotic syndrome patients at Yeungnam University Hospital since January 1995 to June 2005, were included in the study. We analyzed clinical parameters such as tachycardia, cardiomegaly, pleural effusion, blood chemistry and urinalysis prospectively. We defined hypovolemia when UK/(UNa+UK) exceeded 60%. Intravenous albumin and diuretics were administered to hypovolemic edematous patients. On the other hand, hypervolemic edematous patients were treated only with diuretics. RESULTS: There were 50 cases of primary nephrotic syndrome patients(hypervolemia: 29 vs hypovolemia: 21). There were no significant differences in clinical symptoms and laboratory findings except for FeNa. While FeNa and UK/(UNa+UK) had a significant negative correlation, BUN and UK/(UNa+UK) had a significant positive correlation. Urine output after edema treatment was effective and there were no treatment-related side effects in both groups. CONCLUSION: FeNa, BUN and UK/(UNa+UK) are a useful parameters for evaluating volume status of edematous nephrotic syndrome patients. We could suggest a therapeutic option for using albumin and/or diuretics according to volemic status by means of measured UK/(UNa+UK).
Blood Volume* ; Cardiomegaly ; Chemistry ; Child* ; Diuretics ; Edema ; Hand ; Humans ; Hypovolemia ; Nephrotic Syndrome* ; Pleural Effusion ; Potassium* ; Prospective Studies ; Sodium* ; Tachycardia ; Urinalysis

Desquamative gingivitis is characterized by a diffuse erythema of the free and attached gingiva associated with areas of vesiculation, erosion, and desquamation. Desquamative gingivitis is not a distinct disease entity but represents a reaction pattern of the gingiva to various stimuli. Pemphigus vulgaris, cicatricial pemphigoid, and lichen planus may presents as desquamative gingivitis. We observed 3 patients whose disease was limited to the gingiva, and studied them by light and direct immunofluorescence microscope. We classified them according to clinical, histologic, and immunopathologic observations. Identification of the underlying causes of desquamative gingivitis is of utmost importance and is dependent upon clinical, histologic, and immunologic criteria.
Diagnosis, Differential ; Erythema ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique ; Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Direct ; Gingiva ; Gingivitis* ; Humans ; Lichen Planus ; Pemphigoid, Benign Mucous Membrane ; Pemphigus

It has been widely accepted that complete surgical resection of hepatoblastoma is essential for long-term survival. But unfortunately less that 50% of hepatic tumors in children can be totally removed at the time of diagnosis. This report is to present the experience of successful resection of hepatoblastoma after concurrent radiotherapy with transarterial chemoinfusion in a child. We believe this modality of treatment enables complete resection of unresectable hepatoblastoma, which is resistant to the systemic chemotherapy.
Child ; Diagnosis ; Drug Therapy ; Hepatoblastoma* ; Humans ; Radiotherapy*

The hippocampus plays important roles in the regulation and combination of short and long term memory and spatial navigation with other brain centers. Aging is accompanied by a functional decline of the hippocampus and degenerative disease. Microglia are major immune cells in the central nervous system and response to degenerative changes in the aged brain. In this respect, functional and morphological changes of the hippocampus have been closely related to microglial changes during normal aging with or without disease. Therefore, in this review, we discuss morphological and functional changes of the hippocampus and microglia in the aging brain.
Aged ; Aging ; Brain ; Central Nervous System ; Hippocampus ; Humans ; Memory ; Microglia

A 6-day-old female infant had generalized superficial pustules which evolved into pigmented maucles, many of which had a peripheral collarvtte of scale. Histopsthologic stadies showed intracormeal aggregates of neutrophils. The appearance of the lesions and histopathologic finding fitted transient neonal pustular melanosis.
Female ; Humans ; Infant ; Melanosis* ; Neutrophils