1.Subcutaneous Fat Necrosis Associated with Pancreatic Adenocarcinoma: A case report.
Korean Journal of Pathology 1996;30(2):155-160
Subcutaneous fat necrosis is manifested by erythematous tender nodules on the legs, buttock or trunk and is associated with pancreatic disease including acute and chronic pancreatitis, pancreatic carcinoma, pseudocyst, pancreatic stone and other diseases. Its histologic findings are pathognomonic and reveal foci of subcutaneous fat necrosis with "ghost-like" anucleated cells with thick "shadowy wall" and surrounding inflammatory infiltrate consisting of polymorphonuclear cells, eosinophils, lymphocytes, histiocytes, foam cells and foreign body giant cells. We experienced a case of subcutaneous fat necrosis associated with pancreatic adenocarcinoma manifested by subcutaneous nodules in the buttock and lower extremities and by arthralgia of the left knee in a 67-year-old woman. Therefore, we are reporting to emphasize the importance of the skin findings of the internal disease.
Female
;
Humans
;
Adenocarcinoma
2.The Relation between Cell Proliferation and Apoptosis According to the Histologic Types in Chemically Induced Rat Mammary Tumorigenesis.
Tae Jung JANG ; Woo Hee JUNG ; Kwang Gil LEE
Korean Journal of Pathology 1998;32(3):174-185
Balancing the rates of cell proliferation and cell death is important in maintaining normal tissue homeostasis. The relationship among apoptosis, cell proliferation and factors influencing apoptosis according to the histologic types in chemically induced mammary tumorigenesis appears important in understanding the pathogenesis of breast carcinoma. In this study, we investigated alterations in the kinetics of cell proliferation and apoptosis during rat mammary tumorigenesis induced by 7, 12-dimethylbenzanthracene (DMBA) and we related these changes to the expressions of bcl-2, p53, and TGF-beta. Seven-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into an experimental group (20 mg/ml DMBA by oral intubation) and a control group. The results were as follows. 1. In the experimental group, breast tumors occurred in twenty two of fifty nine rats(37.3%, 22/59), and the total number of tumors was 100 (4.5 2.0/rat). The histological classification was infiltrating ductal carcinomas (n=5), ductal carcinomas with focal invasion (n=10), intraductal carcinomas (n=36), adenomas accompanied with intraductal proliferation (n=35), intraductal proliferation (n=9), and adenomas (n=5); 2. The differentiation of terminal end bud into alveolar bud (AB) in the experimental group was significantly lower than that of the control group (p<0.05); 3. BrdU labeled tumor cells were mainly located at the peripheral portion of tumor cell nests. BrdU labeling indices were highest in ductal carcinomas, less pronounced in intraductal proliferation, and lowest in adenomas, whereas apoptosis levels were highest in adenomas, less pronounced in intraductal proliferation, and lowest in ductal carcinomas (p<0.05); 4. p53 protein was not expressed in any breast tumors. Although the expression of bcl-2 protein was highest in infiltrating and focal infiltrative ductal carcinomas (58.3%), compared with adenomas, intraductal proliferation, and intraductal carcinomas (p<0.05), the extent of its expression was less than 1% of all tumor cells; 5. TGF-beta was mainly expressed in the central portion of tumor cell nests rather than in peripheral portion, and TGF-beta immunoreactive tumor cells displayed good differentiation and did not reveal BrdU immunoreactivity. TGF-beta labeling index of infiltrating and focal infiltrative ductal carcinomas was significantly higher than that of intraductal carcinomas, intraductal proliferation, and adenomas (p<0.05). Based on these results, it is thought that high cell proliferation and the suppression of apoptosis are closely associated with DMBA-induced rat mammary carcinogenesis. However, the suppression of apoptosis is not related to p53 mutation, bcl-2, and TGF-beta. TGF-beta seems to be reversely related to tumor cell proliferation but closely associated with the progression of the tumor, especially an invasion of breast carcinomas.
9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene
;
Adenoma
;
Animals
;
Apoptosis*
;
Breast Neoplasms
;
Bromodeoxyuridine
;
Carcinogenesis*
;
Carcinoma, Ductal
;
Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating
;
Cell Death
;
Cell Proliferation*
;
Classification
;
Female
;
Homeostasis
;
Humans
;
Kinetics
;
Rats*
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
;
Transforming Growth Factor beta
3.The prognostic factors after splenectomy in patients with idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura.
Gil Joon SUH ; Jung Kee CHUNG ; Kuhn Uk LEE
Journal of the Korean Surgical Society 1992;42(4):514-524
No abstract available.
Humans
;
Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic*
;
Splenectomy*
4.Correlation of Histologic Findings of Ovarian Epithelial Tumors with Expression of Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen and Flow Cytometric DNA Analysis.
Sang Yeop YI ; Soon Hee JUNG ; Kwang Gil LEE
Korean Journal of Pathology 1995;29(1):68-76
The prognosis of malignant ovarian tumor is poorer than that of borderline malignant ovarian tumor, Therefore an accurate diagnosis and estimation of the biologic behavior of the tumor are necessary for proper management of the patient. The histologic investigation of the tumor may provide information on the estimation of the malignant potential of tumor cells, but it may be a questionable method because of the subjective determination of tumor grade. Quantification of proliferative activity of tumor cells may play a role as an objective method to provide an estimation of the malignant potential of tumor cells. An evaluation of histologic findings was done on 84 cases of ovarian mucinous and serous tumors that were surgically resected and diagnosed during the period from January 1981 through July 1992. The proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCN A) labelling index estimated from the immunohistochemical stain for PCN A and the Sphase fraction and porliferative index obtained from flow cytometric DN A analysis were assessed each other with histologic findings. The results are as follows: The presence of aneuploidy in malignant tumors was statistically significant as compared with benign tumors. The borderline malignant tumors showed no significant difference between the number of diploidy and aneuploidy. The PCNA labelling index, S-phase fraction and proliferative index tended to increase as the histologic grade of tumors went up. They were higher in malignant tumors than in others. The PCN A labelling index, S-phase fraction and proliferative index were higher in tumors with aneuploidy than in those with diploidy. In contrast to borderline malignant tumors, the PCNA labelling index in malignant tumors revealed a significant relation with the mitotic index. The S-phase fraction and proliferative index showed, in malignant tumors, a close correlation with the architectural grade and nucleolar grade, but not in borderline malignant tumors. Considering these results, the presence of aneuploidy, PCNA label.
5.Chemopreventive Effect of Aspirin on N-Butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) Nitrosamine Induced Preneoplastic Lesions in Rat Bladder.
Jung Hwan JIN ; Gil Ho LEE ; Hyung Jee KIM
Korean Journal of Urology 2001;42(6):631-635
PURPOSE: We investigated the possible inhibitory effect of aspirin during the initiation and post initiating stages on N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl) nitrosamine (BBN) induced bladder carcinogenesis in female rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-five female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into three groups. Group A received 0.05% BBN in drinking water for 12 weeks. Group B re ceived 0.05% BBN in drinking water with 0.5% aspirin in the diet for 12 weeks. Group C received control diet without added chemicals. The rats were sacrificed after 12 weeks. For identification of chemopreventive effect of aspirin, apoptosis was detected by in situ cell death detection method. The apoptotic index (AI) was calculated from the ratio of typical apoptotic cells relative to the total cells from observation of at least 1000 cells in each preneoplastic lesion among the groups. RESULTS: All cases of group A showed multiple lesions of simple and focal hyperplasia. The incidence of papilloma was 80% in group A. All cases of group B also showed multiple lesions of simple and focal hyperplasia but the incidence of papilloma was decreased to 20%. The total numbers counted of focal hyperplasia and papilloma lesions were significantly reduced in group B than in group A (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). The mean AI in group A and B sequentially increased in preneoplastic lesions, as compared to that in the normal epithelium of the rat bladder. Significant differences in AI in the lesions of simple and focal hyperplasia between group A and B were noted (p<0.001 and p<0.001, respectively). CONCLUSIONS: The result suggests that aspirin significantly decreases the incidence of precancerous lesions and it can act as a chemopreventive agent for precancerous lesions of urinary bladder.
Animals
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Apoptosis
;
Aspirin*
;
Carcinogenesis
;
Cell Death
;
Diet
;
Drinking Water
;
Epithelium
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Female
;
Humans
;
Hyperplasia
;
Incidence
;
Papilloma
;
Rats*
;
Rats, Sprague-Dawley
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Urinary Bladder Neoplasms
;
Urinary Bladder*
6.Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase and Tissue Inhibitor of Metallproteinase in Breast Carcinoma Related to Angiogenesis and Invasion.
Yoon Jung CHOI ; Woo Hee JUNG ; Hy De LEE ; Kwang Gil LEE
Korean Journal of Pathology 2000;34(9):652-664
Among the enzymes which are responsible for basement membrane breakdown, matrix metalloproteinases (MMP) form a family of neutral proteases that are regulated at the levels of gene transcription, proenzyme activation by the cleavage of protein, and the inhibition of the active enzyme by tissue inhibitors of matrix metalloproteinases (TIMP). Recent reports have demonstrated that the expression of these proteolytic enzymes are elevated in several solid tumors and that it can be associated with invasiveness and poor prognosis. We examined the expression of MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1 and TIMP-2 by immunohistochemistry in 160 cases of infiltrating ductal carcinoma. And we compared these data with the established prognostic parameters - tumor size, nodal status, clinical stage, hormonal receptor status, microvessel density, and TGF-beta1 expression in order to evaluate how MMP and TIMP expression are associated with breast cancer progression and prognosis. Microvessel density in invasive breast carcinoma was significantly correlated with tumor size and recurrence (p<0.05). The immunohistochemical expression of TGF-beta1 was significantly associated with tumor size, lymph node metastasis, and clinical stage (p<0.05). The microvessel density was significantly correlated with TGF-beta1 expression in more than 50% of tumor cells. The immunohistochemical expression of MMP-2 and MMP-9 were significantly correlated with nodal metastasis and absence of immunoreactivity for estrogen and progesterone receptors. The immunohistochemical expression of TIMP-1 was inversely correlated with clinical stage and microvessel density while that of TIMP-2 was inversely correlated with clinical stage (p<0.05). Small size of tumor, presence of progesterone receptor, highly differentiated histologic grade, and absence of immunoreactivity for MMP-9 were significantly associated with higher survival rate, but in multivariate analysis only tumor size and MMP-9 expression appeared to affect survival independently.
Basement Membrane
;
Breast Neoplasms*
;
Breast*
;
Carcinoma, Ductal
;
Estrogens
;
Humans
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Matrix Metalloproteinases
;
Microvessels
;
Multivariate Analysis
;
Neoplasm Metastasis
;
Peptide Hydrolases
;
Prognosis
;
Receptors, Progesterone
;
Recurrence
;
Survival Rate
;
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1
;
Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2
;
Transforming Growth Factor beta1
7.A Case of Squamous Cell Carcinoma of the Skin Resembling Atypical Fibroxanthoma.
So Young JIN ; Woo Hee JUNG ; Kwang Gil LEE ; Jung Bok LEE
Korean Journal of Pathology 1986;20(2):250-253
Both spindle cell variant of squamous cell carcinoma and atypical fibroxanthoma are most commonly presented as a solitary, often ulcerated nodule, occurring on sun-exposed skin of the elderly. These lesions also share the histologic features of diffuse or indistinct fascicular arrangement of polygonal or pulmp spindle cells. Therefore it is not easy to differentiate immunohistochemistry is done. A case of 73 year old woman with squamous cell carcinoma of the skin resembling atypical fibroxanthoma is presented.
Female
;
Humans
8.Both Ocular Perforation Caused by Periocular Acupuncture Therapy
Kyoung Yong LEE ; Tae Young GIL ; Ho Gil JUNG ; Seong Joo SHIN
Journal of the Korean Ophthalmological Society 2020;61(4):439-443
Purpose:
To report a case of both ocular perforation due to periocular acupuncture therapy with vitrectomy in the right eye andbarrier laser photocoagulation without vitrectomy in the left eye.Case summary: A 58-year-old female presented with ocular pain and decreased visual acuity in both eye. She had received periocularacupuncture therapy 4 days earlier. Dilated fundoscopy revealed vitreous hemorrhage. B-scan ultrasonography revealedvitreous opacity. Thus, at the request of the patient, vitrectomy was performed in only the right eye, and did not performed in theleft eye. Intraoperatively, we identified retinal laceration in the temporal and inferior retina. In the left eye, the sites of retinal hemorrhagewere observed in the temporal and inferior retina in the fundus examination, and a barrier laser photocoagulation wasperformed around the lesion. At the three-month postoperative follow-up, the patient’s visual acuity was 0.5 in the right eye withoutmacular edema. In the left eye, visual acuity was 0.01 with macular edema observed on optical coherence tomography.
Conclusions
Authors present a case of a patient with vitreous hemorrhage and ocular perforations caused by periocular acupuncturetherapy in both eye, able to compare the results of eyes that performed vitrectomy and that did not performed vitrectomyin a same patient. The recovery of visual acuity in eye that performed vitrectomy was better than eye that did not performedvitrectomy. Therefore, we consider performing vitrectomy in patients with eye perforation.
9.Correlation of Heregulin mRNA and Her-2/neu Protein Expression with Node Metastasis and DNA Ploidy Pattern in Human Invasive Breast Carcinoma.
Yee Jeong KIM ; Woo Hee JUNG ; Hyde LEE ; Sung Kong LEE ; In Gul MOON ; Kwang Gil LEE
Korean Journal of Pathology 1998;32(8):563-573
The Her-2/neu protooncogene encodes a transmembrane tyrosine kinase that is structurally homologous to the receptor for epidermal growth factor. Its amplification and overexpression are associated with poor prognosis in breast cancer patients. Neu differentiation factor is a ligand for Her-2/neu protooncogene and was detected in ras-transformed rat fibroblasts. Heregulin (human homologue of neu differentiation factor) is a 44-kilodalton glycoprotein that stimulates tyrosine phosphorylation and induces growth arrest or stimulation and differentiation in human breast cancer cell lines. In this study we examined the expression of heregulin mRNA by nested reverse transcription (RT) PCR with fresh tissue, Her-2/neu protein, ICAM-1 and steroid receptors by immunohistochemistry, and DNA ploidy pattern by flow cytometry with paraffin-embedded tissue in invasive breast carcinoma. We compared the data with nodal status, lymphovascular invasion, steroid receptor status and DNA ploidy pattern. For RT-PCR to heregulin mRNA, 38 cases of fresh breast cancer tissue were obtained. Total 68 cases of invasive breast carcinoma tissue were fixed in formalin, which were used for routine histology, immunohistochemistry and flow cytometry. The results are as follows; 1) Heregulin mRNA was expressed in 86.1% of patients with invasive breast carcinoma and 100% of patients with benign breast lesion using nested RT-PCR analysis. 2) Her-2/neu protein was overexpressed in 50.0% of tumors using immunohistochemistry. The expression of Her-2/neu protein was significantly correlated with high counts of lymph nodes with metastasis (p<0.05), and high nuclear grade (p<0.05). 3) Her-2/neu protein overexpression was significantly correlated with a high DNA index(p<0.05). All of the tumors showing Her-2/neu protein overexpression and no heregulin mRNA expression revealed near tetraploid DNA content. However, both Her-2/neu overexpression and heregulin mRNA expressing tumors revealed near tetraploidy in 38.9% and diploidy in 50.0%. Based on these results, heregulin mRNA expression rate was 86.1% in human invasive breast carcinoma. Her-2/neu protein overexpression is associated with high positive lymph node number and DNA index. Statistically significant reverse correlation with lymph node metastasis is not present.
Animals
;
Breast Neoplasms*
;
Breast*
;
Cell Line
;
Diploidy
;
DNA*
;
Epidermal Growth Factor
;
Fibroblasts
;
Flow Cytometry
;
Formaldehyde
;
Glycoproteins
;
Humans*
;
Immunohistochemistry
;
Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1
;
Lymph Nodes
;
Neoplasm Metastasis*
;
Neuregulin-1*
;
Phosphorylation
;
Ploidies*
;
Polymerase Chain Reaction
;
Prognosis
;
Protein-Tyrosine Kinases
;
Rats
;
Receptors, Steroid
;
Reverse Transcription
;
RNA, Messenger*
;
Tetraploidy
;
Tyrosine
10.Fine needle aspiration cytology of proliferative fasciitis.
Yoon Jung CHOI ; Sang Yeop YI ; Woo Ick YANG ; Soon Hee JUNG ; Kwang Gil LEE
Korean Journal of Cytopathology 1993;4(1):52-56
No abstract available.
Biopsy, Fine-Needle*
;
Fasciitis*