BACKGROUND: Osteoporosis is an important health concern among the postmenopausal women. Therefore, it is necessary to find out acceptable screening tools for osteoporotic patients. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the Risk Index by OSTA as a screening test for osteoporosis. METHODS: The study population was 322 naturally caused menopausal women in Korea. Their was of femoral neck and lumbar spine BMD measured by DEXA. Risk Index by OSTA, based on weight and age, was calculated and the sensitivity and specificity for osteoporosis and osteopenia were evaluated. To find out the proper cut-off point for osteoporosis and osteopenia among the postmenopausal women in Korea, we also compared the sensitivity and specificity of each Risk Index value. RESULTS: The mean age and ages at menopause were 59.1(+/-6.2) and 50.7 (+/-2.7) years, respectively. The prevalence of osteoporosis was 9.6% with femoral neck BMD. For oeteoporosis, using a cut-off point of -1 yielded a sensitivity of 74.3% and a specificity of 52.2% with femoral neck BMD. Using a cut-off of -2 yielded a sensitivity of 87.3% and a specificity of 70.9%. The ROC curve showed an AUROC 0.88 for Risk Index in identifying osteoporosis. CONCLUSION: The Risk Index is an acceptable, simple and useful method in the diagnosis of osteoporosis with a Risk Index of -2 in Korean postmenopausal women.
Bone Diseases, Metabolic* ; Diagnosis ; Female ; Femur Neck ; Humans ; Korea ; Mass Screening* ; Menopause ; Osteoporosis* ; Prevalence ; ROC Curve ; Sensitivity and Specificity ; Spine

The cause of osteoporosis are multifactorial; these include aging, immobilization, genetic fsctor, initial bone mass, nulliparity, postmenopause, cigarette, etc. Among them the hormonal factors are very important. It is worthwhile to study the effects of various hormones on bne cells. Authors evaluated the effects of TGB-B, 17-B estradiol, insulin, and human growth hormone as a stimulatory factors, and r-interferon as a inhibitory factor on the MC3T3 osteoblast cells with measurement of cell numbers, osteocalcin and 3[H]-thymidine incorporation. 1. TGF-B was a potent stimulator on ostoblast with increased change in cell morphology (number, size, shape), osteoclacin level and 3[H]-thymidine incorporation in dose depen- dant fashion. 2. 17-B estradiol was also a potent stimulator on osteoblast activity as well as TGF-B except osteoclacin level which w#as not shown in dose dependant fashion. 3. There were little changes on osteoblast with insulin, growth hormone, and r-interferon. Through this study it is confirmed that TGF-B and 17-B estradiol showed marked stimulatory effect on osteoblast cell in vitro.
Aging ; Cell Count ; Estradiol ; Female ; Growth Hormone ; Human Growth Hormone ; Immobilization ; In Vitro Techniques ; Insulin ; Osteoblasts ; Osteocalcin ; Osteoporosis ; Parity ; Postmenopause ; Tobacco Products

No abstract available.
Calcaneus*

There have been many reports about surgical treatments of flexible flatfoot in children and acquired adult flatfoot deformity due to posterior tibial tendon dysfunction common in the 5th and 6th decades. However there has been a controversy for surgical treatment guideline for painful idiopathic flexible flatfoot deformities in young adults. Therefore, we present a 27-year-old female with severe painful idiopathic flexible flatfoot who was treated with medial sliding calcaneal osteotomy and subtalar arthroereisis using Kalix(R) (Newdeal SA, Vienne, France) endoprosthesis and had good clinical outcome with high patient satisfaction at 10 months follow-up postoperatively.
Adult* ; Child ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Flatfoot* ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Osteotomy* ; Patient Satisfaction ; Posterior Tibial Tendon Dysfunction ; Young Adult

Plantar fibromatosis is a benign fibroproliferative disorder of plantar fascia with rare incidence, the etiology of which is still controversial with several etiological propositions such as trauma, infection, autoimmune disease. Hereby we report a case of 45 year-old male patient with pathologically confirmed bilateral plantar fibromatosis, found after bilateral calcaneal fractures.
Autoimmune Diseases ; Calcaneus ; Fascia ; Fibroma* ; Humans ; Incidence ; Male ; Middle Aged

PURPOSE: To report the clinical results of tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis fixed with multiple cannulated screws for the cases of painful ankle and hindfoot arthropathy regardless of any deformity or instability. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed upon 10 patients that underwent tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis from October 1999 to May 2006. There were 4 males and 6 females, with an average age of 63 years (43-70). The etioloty of arthrodesis included 5 osteoarthritis, 2 Charcot joints, 1 rheumatoid arthritis, 1 Tbc arthritis and 1 residual poliomyelitis. Chief complaints were pain in 9 cases and instability in 1 case. Three patients had combined severe varus deformity. Tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis using multiple cannulated screws was performed by transfibular approach for all cases and short leg cast was applied for 12 weeks postoperatively. RESULTS: The average follow-up period was 16.5 months (12-26 months). VAS pain score was average 8.2 (7-10) and modified AOFAS score was average 25 (8-40, total 86) preoperatively. At final follow-up, VAS score was average 1.0 (0-3) and AOFAS score improved to average 66 (58-75). There were 4 complications: 2 nonunion, 1 tibia stress fracture and 1 malunion. Seven of 8 patients were satisfied with the results at final follow-up. CONCLUSION: Fixation with multiple cannulated screws for tibio-talo-calcaneal arthrodesis through transfibular approach is a recommendable surgical option.
Animals ; Ankle ; Arthritis ; Arthritis, Rheumatoid ; Arthrodesis ; Arthropathy, Neurogenic ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Fractures, Stress ; Humans ; Leg ; Male ; Osteoarthritis ; Poliomyelitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Cell Proliferation* ; Female ; Humans ; Trophoblasts*

Genitourinary gangrene is an uncommon, potentially lethal disorder characterized by the abrupt onset of a rapidly progressive necrotizing soft tissue infection caused by the synergistic action of various organisms that spread along fascial planes, causing subfascial soft tissue necrosis and destruction. Many factors, debilitating condition such as carcinoma, diabetes and alcoholism, contribute to the development and perpetuate the course of Fournier's gangrene. In our two cases , predisposing causes were as follow ; chronic liver disease, diabetes mellitus, chronic alcoholism, perianal abscess. The patients were hemodynamically unstable and extensive necrosis was noted. After aggressive debridement of the wound and triple antibiotic therapy, general condition became improved and then we performed split thickness skin grafts and the results of reconstructive surgery were satisfactory.
Abscess ; Alcoholism ; Debridement ; Diabetes Mellitus ; Fournier Gangrene* ; Gangrene ; Humans ; Liver Diseases ; Necrosis ; Skin ; Soft Tissue Infections ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries

In this case study, we investigated the effects of robot-assisted gait training on the plasticity of motor system in a stroke patient using functional MRI. A patient who suffered from the left hemiparesis following the right MCA infarction performed gait training with a robot-assisted gait orthosis. Before and after gait training, motor performances were assessed and functional MRIs were acquired with motor activation task of affected lower limb. After gait training with a robot-assisted orthosis, the patient's motor performances were improved and cortical activities were changed. Activation in the ipsilesional primary sensorimotor cortex was increased and cortical reorganization was induced in a way that nearby regions were recruited for the movement of affected lower limb. The results of this study showed that gait training with a robot-assisted orthosis induced cortical reorganization of the motor network that resulted in enhancement of motor performance of the lower limb.

PURPOSE: To assess the clinical difference between cubital tunnel syndrome with anconeus epitrochlearis (AE) and idiopathic cubital tunnel syndrome without known other causes. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included the 326 patients who were subjected to surgery because of cubital tunnel syndrome from 2008 to 2014. After exclusion of patients with other known causes of cubital tunnel syndrome, a total of 107 patients were divided into two groups; patients with and without AE. The clinical differences between two groups were analyzed retrospectively; age, sex, presence of intrinsic muscle atrophy, interval from symptom development to surgery, pinch power, the disabilities of the arm, shoulder and hand score and the nerve conduction velocity (NCV). RESULTS: Thirty four (10.4%) patients, being subjected to surgery had the AE. Among 107 patients who had no other known causes, 26 patients had AE. 19 out of 26 patients with AE was male. Average age of patients with AE was significantly younger. The interval from symptom development to surgery in AE patients was significantly shorter. Motor NCV of ulnar nerve at above elbow joint in comparison with that at below elbow joint in AE patient was more significantly decreased (14.3 m/sec vs. 8.3 m/sec). CONCLUSION: The AE in cubital tunnel syndrome is no more rare structure. In younger male patients with rapidly progressive worsening cubital tunnel symptoms, and if there is significant decrease of ulnar motor nerve velocity at above elbow in comparison with at below elbow, the AE should be considered as cause of ulnar neuropathy.
Arm ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Cubital Tunnel Syndrome* ; Elbow ; Elbow Joint ; Hand ; Humans ; Male ; Muscular Atrophy ; Neural Conduction ; Retrospective Studies ; Shoulder ; Ulnar Nerve ; Ulnar Neuropathies