BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationships between cardiorespiratory fitness and body mass index (BMI), metabolic syndrome risk factors, homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), and high sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) in male high school students in Korea. Furthermore, the effects of the cardiorespiratory fitness levels on these four factors were examined. METHODS: The level of cardiorespiratory fitness, BMI, percent body fat, waist circumference (WC), systolic blood pressure, glucose, triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (HDL-C), HOMA-IR, and hsCRP of 227 male high school students were measured. Analyses of multiple correlation and simple regression were applied. RESULTS: The results showed that the level of cardiorespiratory fitness correlated negatively with BMI, percent body fat, WC, TG, and HDL-C, in addition to HOMA-IR and hsCRP, and strongly influenced BMI, percent body fat, WC, TG, HDL-C, HOMA-IR, and hsCRP. Comparative analysis of our subjects showed that higher cardiorespiratory fitness levels had positive effects on BMI, metabolic syndrome risk factors, HOMA-IR, and hsCRP. CONCLUSIONS: This study found that there are close correlations between cardiorespiratory fitness and BMI, metabolic syndrome risk factors, HOMA-IR, and hsCRP. It also showed that, compared to lower levels of cardiorespiratory fitness, higher levels had beneficial effects on BMI, metabolic syndrome risk factors, diabetes, and cardiovascular disease risk factors.
Adipose Tissue ; Adolescent ; Blood Pressure ; Body Mass Index ; C-Reactive Protein ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Glucose ; Homeostasis ; Humans ; Insulin ; Korea ; Male ; Physical Fitness ; Risk Factors ; Triglycerides ; Waist Circumference

Primitive neuroectodermal tumors (PNET) of the ovary are rare tumors with an exclusive or almost exclusive malignant neuroectodermal composition, and are generally regarded as a monodermal expression of an ovarian teratoma. The tumors are basically identical with the lesions of the same name occuring typically in the central nervous system of children. These tumors consist chiefly of undifferentiated small cells resembling neuroblasts. There are also mature, well- differentiated neuroectodermal cells, such as astrocytes and ependymal cells. We report a case of ovarian PNET with glial and neuroblastic differentiation and focal teratomatous foci of non-neural tissue in a 17-year-old female.
Adolescent ; Astrocytes ; Central Nervous System ; Child ; Female ; Humans ; Neural Plate ; Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive* ; Ovary* ; Teratoma

PURPOSE: The purposes of this article are to identify CT findings distinguishing nasal polyps, that are the most common cause of the nasal polypiod lesions, from other nasal cavity masses and to identify differential points between benign and malignant masses of nasal cavity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We classified 567 cases of pathologically proved nasal cavity masses into 4 different groups on CT according to the sites of origin and surrounding bone changes. RESULT: The nasal polyps were the most common cause of nasal cavity masses(515/567). Group I had a high diagnostic specificity for the nasal polyps (513/515, 99.6%) although inverted papilloma (8/522) and malignant melanoma(1/522) showed similar CT appearances. The representitive nasal mass of Group Ila was the inverted papilloma (15/24, 66.5% of the inverted papilloma). Group III pattern was seen in 3 cases of benign minor salivary gland tumor and 2 cases of pyogenic granuloma. Group IV suggested malignancy and thus was mostly observed in malignant tumors except I case of inverted papilloma and 1 case of granulomatous necrosis. CONCLUSION: The differential diagnosis between nasal polyps and the other nasal cavity masses is possible by characteristic bone changes and their sites of origin revealed on CT. In addition, it is possible to differentiate malignant masses from benign in most cases.
Diagnosis, Differential* ; Granuloma, Pyogenic ; Nasal Cavity* ; Nasal Polyps* ; Necrosis ; Papilloma, Inverted ; Salivary Glands, Minor ; Sensitivity and Specificity

BACKGROUND: Currently, the incidence of hepatitis A is on the increase in Korea. Although there is emphasis on contact precautions, the nosocomial outbreak of hepatitis A virus (HAV) in healthcare personnel has increased within endemic areas because these workers inevitably come in close contact with patients and work under suboptimal hygiene conditions. In this study, we evaluated the necessity of immunization against HAV for healthcare personnel. METHODS: We investigated the seropositivity of serum immunoglobulin G (IgG) anti-HAV antibody (Ab) in 672 healthcare personnel on the basis of their age-group, sex, and occupation in Soon Chun Hyang University Hospital and Soon Chun Hyang University Bucheon Hospital. RESULTS: The subjects were divided into 6 groups on the basis of their ages to identify differences among the various age groups in the number of cases with HAV Ab seropositivity. Significant intergroup differences were noted in this respect: 21-25 years, 2/152 (1.3%); 26-30 years, 33/245 (13.5%); 31-35 years, 70/148 (47.3%); 36-40 years, 52/79 (65.8%); >40 years, 44/48 (91.7%). CONCLUSION: The number of seropositive cases was low among young healthy personnel: low seropositivity is an emerging risk for vulnerable population. With the increase in the incidence of hepatitis A, healthcare personnel have become a risk population for hepatitis A, as are community residents. Therefore, for healthcare personnel working in hospitals, immunization against HAV should be recommended for personnel younger than 30 years, and serological testing for older personnel.
Delivery of Health Care ; Hepatitis ; Hepatitis A ; Hepatitis A Antibodies ; Hepatitis A Vaccines ; Hepatitis A virus ; Humans ; Hygiene ; Immunization ; Immunoglobulin G ; Incidence ; Korea ; Occupations ; Serologic Tests ; Vulnerable Populations

The purposes of this study were to assess the school foodservice purchasing practices and to explore the ways to improve the school foodservice purchasing management. The purchasing questionnaire was composed of three parts, the part one consisted of questions on characteristics of dietitians and school foodservice operations, and the others consisted of questions concerning purchasing practices and importance & performance of food suppliers. 286 dietitians of elementary school foodservice operations in Seoul were participated with the survey. Statistical data analysis was completed using the SPSS/win for descriptive and t-test. The school foodservice operations which employed a chef were 50.3%. Only one third of the dietitians(34.1%) reported having been involved in the selection of food suppliers. In dietitians' demographic data, 36.6% were over 30 years old, 32.4% were 28~29 years of age and 31.0% were below 27 years old. Most of the respondents(68.3%) had overall working experiences less than 58 months and almost half of them(56.3%) were married. The food suppliers' attributes with high scores of mean importance were food quality, maintenance of food quality, accuracy in filling orders, quality of delivery facilities, on time delivery and packaging. Average mean scores for importance and performance were 4.33('important') and 3.50('so-so') out of 5. In the comparison of importance attributes, produce suppliers had a significant higher score on suppliers(P<0.05) than processing food suppliers. Processing food suppliers received significant higher performance scores on product(P<0.05) and service(P<0.05) compared to produce suppliers.
Adult ; Data Interpretation, Statistical ; Food Quality ; Humans ; Nutritionists ; Product Packaging ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Seoul*

Purpura is discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to extravasation of red blood cells and may be due to a variety of factors, but it is sometimes difficult to identify the exact cause. Some forms of purpura can frighten the patient and puzzle the physician. Mask phenomenon is an unusual purpura of the relatively loose tissues of the face and neck occuring after prolonged coughing, vigorous vomiting, valsalva's maneuver, parturition, or any other exertion that raises intrathoracic or abdominal pressure. This occurs with acute onset and fades within twenty-four to seventy-two hours spontaneously. A work-up for a coagulation or platelet defect is usually not required. We herein describe five cases of mask phenomenon(unusual facial purpura).
Blood Platelets ; Cough ; Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Masks* ; Mucous Membrane ; Neck ; Parturition ; Purpura* ; Skin ; Valsalva Maneuver ; Vomiting

Purpura is discoloration of the skin and mucous membranes due to extravasation of red blood cells and may be due to a variety of factors, but it is sometimes difficult to identify the exact cause. Some forms of purpura can frighten the patient and puzzle the physician. Mask phenomenon is an unusual purpura of the relatively loose tissues of the face and neck occuring after prolonged coughing, vigorous vomiting, valsalva's maneuver, parturition, or any other exertion that raises intrathoracic or abdominal pressure. This occurs with acute onset and fades within twenty-four to seventy-two hours spontaneously. A work-up for a coagulation or platelet defect is usually not required. We herein describe five cases of mask phenomenon(unusual facial purpura).
Blood Platelets ; Cough ; Erythrocytes ; Humans ; Masks* ; Mucous Membrane ; Neck ; Parturition ; Purpura* ; Skin ; Valsalva Maneuver ; Vomiting

PURPOSE: This study was conducted to analyze and clarify the meaning of the concept for relocation stress -focusing on patients transferred from an intensive care unit to a general ward. METHODS: This study used Walker and Avant's process of concept analysis. RESULTS: Relocation stress can be defined by these attributes as follows: 1) involuntary decision about relocation, 2) moving from a familiar and safe environment to an unfamiliar one, 3) broken relationship of safety and familiarity, 4) physiological and psychosocial change after relocation. The antecedents of relocation stress consisted of these facts: 1) preparation degrees of transfer from the intensive care unit to a general ward, 2) pertinence of the information related to the transfer process, 3) change of major caregivers, 4) change in numbers of monitoring devices, 5) change in the level of self-care. There are consequences occurring as a result of relocation stress: 1) decrease in patients' quality of life, 2) decrease in coping capacity, 3) loss of control. CONCLUSION: Relocation stress is a core concept in intensive nursing care. Using this concept will contribute to continuity of intensive nursing care.
Adaptation, Psychological ; Caregivers ; Concept Formation ; Humans ; *Intensive Care Units ; *Patient Transfer ; Patients' Rooms ; *Stress, Psychological

PURPOSE: The purpose of this review was to identify the current status of nursing studies on heart failure (HF) patients in South Korea and to suggest future study direction. METHODS: A literature review of databases such as KoreaMed, KERIS and nursing and allied health journal were searched with key terms ‘heart failure’ and ‘nursing’ for the period from January 2000 to February 2017. A total of 35 studies including 28 articles and 7 theses met the inclusion criteria. RESULTS: Twenty-seven out of 35 studies were observational studies on outpatients and most of the studies did not mention the ejection fraction and New York Heart Association functional classification class (NYHA class) in the inclusion criteria. Self-care and health-related quality of life as psychological factors, and physical activity as a biological factor, were used as main variables. However, we found it difficult to understand how much score indicates better quality of life because of an inconsistent and wide score. In quality assessment, 8 intervention studies had no serious flaws. CONCLUSION: Further studies should consider more biological and social factors influencing HF. The quality assessment with respect to nursing intervention studies in HF showed that randomized and double-blind trials are needed.
Biological Factors ; Classification ; Heart Failure* ; Heart* ; Humans ; Korea* ; Motor Activity ; Nursing* ; Outpatients ; Psychology ; Quality of Life ; Self Care

PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to identify the influencing factors on postpartum fatigue in the parturient women. METHODS: The data were collected from July to September, 2006 using self-report questionnaires. The sample was 143 healthy parturient women who visited the outpatient clinic at 2 hospitals for a routine follow up after childbirth. The data were analyzed by using SPSS 12.0 Win program. RESULTS: There were significant differences in the postpartum fatigue by age, religion, sleep hour, and complaint of perceived health problem. The postpartum fatigue were significantly correlated with infant care stress(p<0.001), sleep satisfaction(p<0.001), and feeding difficulty(p=0.016). The multiple regression analysis showed that the postpartum fatigue were significantly predicted by the infant care stress, sleep satisfaction and complaint of perceived health problem. These variables explained 31.8% of the variance of postpartum fatigue. The infant care stress was the main predictor of postpartum fatigue. CONCLUSIONS: It could be concluded that the nursing intervention for reducing the infant care stress should be developed to manage the postpartum fatigue for parturient women. Prospective studies are needed to be conducted to verify the causal relationship between infant care stress and postpartum fatigue.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Fatigue* ; Female ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Infant ; Infant Care ; Nursing ; Parturition ; Postpartum Period* ; Surveys and Questionnaires