No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans

No abstract available.
Child* ; Humans ; Lymphangioma*

No abstract available.
Humans

Background: The association between low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in different age groups within the diabetes mellitus (DM) population remains unclear. The cohort study was conducted to investigate this relationship. Methods: We assessed the 2009 to 2012 Korean National Health Screening and National Health Insurance Service records, with follow-up to the primary outcome (myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke) or December 2018. After excluding the participants with a history of MI or stroke, 2,227,394 participants with DM were included and categorized according to baseline LDL-C levels and age. Cox proportional hazards modeling was conducted. The CVD risk of age <40 years and LDL-C <70 mg/dL was set as the reference. In each age group, LDL-C <70 mg/dL was used as a reference for the subgroup analysis. Results: The cut-off LDL-C value for increased MI risk in each age group varied (<40 years old, LDL-C ≥160 mg/dL: hazard ratios [HR], 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.644 to 2.506) (40–49-year-old, LDL-C <115 mg/dL: HR, 1.245; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.489) (50–59-year-old, LDL-C <115 mg/dL: HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.014 to 1.445) (60-69-year-old, LDL-C <145 mg/dL: HR, 1.229; 95% CI, 1.022 to 1.479) (≥70 years old group, LDL-C <100 mg/dL: HR, 1.238; 95% CI, 1.018 to 1.504). The cut-off LDL-C values for increased stroke risk varied in each age subgroup (<40 years old, LDL-C ≥160 mg/dL: HR, 1.395; 95% CI, 1.094 to 1.779) (40–49-year-old, LDL-C <145 mg/dL: HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.019 to 1.253) (50–59-year-old, LDL-C <160 mg/dL: HR, 1.079; 95% CI, 1.008 to 1.154) (60–69-year-old, LDL-C <130 mg/dL: HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.022 to 1.119) (≥70 years old, LDL-C <115 mg/dL: HR, 1.064; 95% CI, 1.019 to 1.112). Conclusion The effect of LDL-C on the risk of CVD differs depending on the age of the population with DM.

Background: The association between low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in different age groups within the diabetes mellitus (DM) population remains unclear. The cohort study was conducted to investigate this relationship. Methods: We assessed the 2009 to 2012 Korean National Health Screening and National Health Insurance Service records, with follow-up to the primary outcome (myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke) or December 2018. After excluding the participants with a history of MI or stroke, 2,227,394 participants with DM were included and categorized according to baseline LDL-C levels and age. Cox proportional hazards modeling was conducted. The CVD risk of age <40 years and LDL-C <70 mg/dL was set as the reference. In each age group, LDL-C <70 mg/dL was used as a reference for the subgroup analysis. Results: The cut-off LDL-C value for increased MI risk in each age group varied (<40 years old, LDL-C ≥160 mg/dL: hazard ratios [HR], 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.644 to 2.506) (40–49-year-old, LDL-C <115 mg/dL: HR, 1.245; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.489) (50–59-year-old, LDL-C <115 mg/dL: HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.014 to 1.445) (60-69-year-old, LDL-C <145 mg/dL: HR, 1.229; 95% CI, 1.022 to 1.479) (≥70 years old group, LDL-C <100 mg/dL: HR, 1.238; 95% CI, 1.018 to 1.504). The cut-off LDL-C values for increased stroke risk varied in each age subgroup (<40 years old, LDL-C ≥160 mg/dL: HR, 1.395; 95% CI, 1.094 to 1.779) (40–49-year-old, LDL-C <145 mg/dL: HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.019 to 1.253) (50–59-year-old, LDL-C <160 mg/dL: HR, 1.079; 95% CI, 1.008 to 1.154) (60–69-year-old, LDL-C <130 mg/dL: HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.022 to 1.119) (≥70 years old, LDL-C <115 mg/dL: HR, 1.064; 95% CI, 1.019 to 1.112). Conclusion The effect of LDL-C on the risk of CVD differs depending on the age of the population with DM.

Background: The association between low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C) levels and cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk in different age groups within the diabetes mellitus (DM) population remains unclear. The cohort study was conducted to investigate this relationship. Methods: We assessed the 2009 to 2012 Korean National Health Screening and National Health Insurance Service records, with follow-up to the primary outcome (myocardial infarction [MI] or stroke) or December 2018. After excluding the participants with a history of MI or stroke, 2,227,394 participants with DM were included and categorized according to baseline LDL-C levels and age. Cox proportional hazards modeling was conducted. The CVD risk of age <40 years and LDL-C <70 mg/dL was set as the reference. In each age group, LDL-C <70 mg/dL was used as a reference for the subgroup analysis. Results: The cut-off LDL-C value for increased MI risk in each age group varied (<40 years old, LDL-C ≥160 mg/dL: hazard ratios [HR], 2.03; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.644 to 2.506) (40–49-year-old, LDL-C <115 mg/dL: HR, 1.245; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.489) (50–59-year-old, LDL-C <115 mg/dL: HR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.014 to 1.445) (60-69-year-old, LDL-C <145 mg/dL: HR, 1.229; 95% CI, 1.022 to 1.479) (≥70 years old group, LDL-C <100 mg/dL: HR, 1.238; 95% CI, 1.018 to 1.504). The cut-off LDL-C values for increased stroke risk varied in each age subgroup (<40 years old, LDL-C ≥160 mg/dL: HR, 1.395; 95% CI, 1.094 to 1.779) (40–49-year-old, LDL-C <145 mg/dL: HR, 1.13; 95% CI, 1.019 to 1.253) (50–59-year-old, LDL-C <160 mg/dL: HR, 1.079; 95% CI, 1.008 to 1.154) (60–69-year-old, LDL-C <130 mg/dL: HR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.022 to 1.119) (≥70 years old, LDL-C <115 mg/dL: HR, 1.064; 95% CI, 1.019 to 1.112). Conclusion The effect of LDL-C on the risk of CVD differs depending on the age of the population with DM.

Tuberculous uveitis is a rare manifestation of tuberculosis infection. Although early diagnosis is important to saving the sight of patients, it is difficult. In dialysis patient, the diagnosis of tuberculosis is often delayed because of non-specific symptoms and extrapulmonary involvements. We report a case involving a 37-year-old man receiving hemodialysis who was presented with persistent fever and left- sided blurred vision. At ophthalmic examination, active papillitis, vitritis, and peripapillary retinal detachment were observed. Neck computed tomography showed multiple necrotic lymphadenopathies (LAPs) in right lateral neck, which was proven as tuberculous lymphadenitis on histological examination. After anti-tuberculosis therapy, fever was subsided and LAPs were improved. Visual acuity was also improved.
Adult ; Dialysis ; Early Diagnosis ; Fever ; Humans ; Hyperthermia, Induced ; Neck ; Papilledema ; Renal Dialysis ; Retinal Detachment ; Tuberculosis ; Tuberculosis, Lymph Node ; Uveitis ; Vision, Ocular ; Visual Acuity

BACKGROUND: TGF-beta1 is the main fibrogenic cytokine associated with human glomerulonephritis. TGF-beta1 levels were found to be significantly increased in the urine of patients with IgA nephropathy. However, urinary TGF-beta1 excretion has so far not been evaluated with respect to the risk of kidney disease progression. METHODS: In the current study, urine samples were taken for TGF-beta1 protein analysis from 37 patients diagnosed with IgA nephropathy on the day of renal biopsy, and patients were followed until either the date of serum creatinine doubling or until the end of the follow-up period. RESULTS: The median follow-up was 3.6 years (range, 0.4-6.2 years). Urinary TGF-beta1/creatinine ratios (TGF-beta1/Cr, pg/mg) were significantly higher in IgA nephropathy patients than in normal controls (10.7+/-1.92 versus 2.38+/-0.52). The area under the receiver-operating-characteristics curve was 0.78 (P<0.05, 95% confidence interval 0.61-0.90), indicating that urinary TGF-beta1/Cr is an excellent predictor of kidney disease progression. Univariate Cox regression analysis showed that urinary TGF-beta1/Cr was the most powerful predictor of serum creatinine doubling (p=0.0026, relative risk 1.09, 95% confidence interval 1.03-1.15). Furthermore, multivariate Cox regression analysis adjusted for other confounders revealed that urinary TGF-beta1/Cr was the only significant predictor of serum creatinine doubling. In contrast, serum TGF-beta1 levels were not found to be a risk factor of kidney disease progression. CONCLUSION: Our findings provide new evidence of a robust association between urinary TGF-beta1 and kidney disease progression in patients with IgA nephropathy.
Biopsy ; Creatinine ; Follow-Up Studies ; Glomerulonephritis ; Glomerulonephritis, IGA ; Humans ; Kidney Diseases* ; Kidney* ; Risk Factors ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1

BACKGROUND: Alcohol is known to affect two epigenetic phenomena, DNA methylation and DNA hydroxymethylation, and iron is a cofactor of ten-eleven translocation (TET) enzymes that catalyze the conversion from methylcytosine to hydroxymethylcytosine. In the present study we aimed to determine the effects of alcohol on DNA hydroxymethylation and further effects of iron on alcohol associated epigenetic changes. METHODS: Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed either Lieber-DeCarli alcohol diet (36% calories from ethanol) or Lieber-DeCarli control diet along with or without iron supplementation (0.6% carbonyl iron) for 8 weeks. Hepatic non-heme iron concentrations were measured by colorimetric assays. Protein levels of hepatic ferritin and transferrin receptor were determined by Western blotting. Methylcytosine, hydroxymethylcytosine and unmodified cytosine in DNA were simultaneously measured by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry method. RESULTS: Iron supplementation significantly increased hepatic non-heme iron contents (P < 0.05) but alcohol alone did not. However, both alcohol and iron significantly increased hepatic ferritin levels and decreased hepatic transferrin receptor levels (P < 0.05). Alcohol reduced hepatic DNA hydroxymethylation (0.21% ± 0.04% vs. 0.33% ± 0.04%, P = 0.01) compared to control, while iron supplementation to alcohol diet did not change DNA hydroxymethylation. There was no significant difference in methylcytosine levels, while unmodified cytosine levels were significantly increased in alcohol-fed groups compared to control (95.61% ± 0.08% vs. 95.26% ± 0.12%, P = 0.03), suggesting that alcohol further increases the conversion from hydroxymethylcytosine to unmodified cytosine. CONCLUSIONS: Chronic alcohol consumption alters global DNA hydroxymethylation in the liver but iron supplementation reverses the epigenetic effect of alcohol.
Alcohol Drinking* ; Alcohols ; Animals ; Blotting, Western ; Cytosine ; Diet ; DNA Methylation ; DNA* ; Epigenomics ; Ferritins ; Humans ; Iron* ; Liver ; Male ; Methods ; Rats* ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Receptors, Transferrin ; Spectrum Analysis

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the oral health behaviors of Korean male workers and analyze the variables affecting oral health behavior. METHODS: This study used data from the 2014 Korean National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (KNHNES), from which 1,341 male workers who answered the questionnaires were selected. The data were analyzed by chi-squared test and logistic regression using PASW Statistics 18.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, USA), and 95% confidence intervals were computed. Logistic regression analysis was used to assess the relationship between oral health behaviors and demographic characteristics. RESULTS: Oral health behaviors varied according to the male worker's job. Brushing teeth two or more times a day varied with levels of stress. The prevalence of people who use supplementary oral hygiene devices was 49.5%. It was increased in male workers with a spouse or high educational level (P<0.05). In addition, office workers were more likely than laborers (P<0.05) to use a supplementary oral hygiene device. The prevalence of people who brush their teeth before sleep was 41.8%. Young male workers (20-39 years old) were more likely to brush their teeth before sleep than senior workers (≥60 years old) (P<0.05). CONCLUSIONS: It is necessary to prepare a plan to promote an interest in dental hygiene in laborers and those who work in the agricultural and fishing industries. Oral health education, oral health programs, campaigns, oral check-up systems, and improvements in working environments are needed to improve the oral health behaviors of male workers.
Education ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Male* ; Nutrition Surveys ; Oral Health* ; Oral Hygiene ; Prevalence ; Spouses ; Tooth