The purpose of this study is to determine the need of education about BSE for the medical members, to survey about the performance and the knowledge of BSE in patients who operated on subtotal and total mastectomy and to compare the regularity of BSE with the severity of breast cancer. The subjects were 163 patients with operated on mastectomy who participated were interviewed in the S university Hospital. The collected data were analyzed by descriptive statistics and t-test, One-way ANOVA and Pearson Correlation with SPSSWIN program. Results were obtained as follows: 1. There was no statistical difference between in the regular group of the mammography and the regular BSE group(F=0.558, P=0.458). 2. There was statistical difference between the method of detection and the severity of the breast cancer(F=3.359, P=0.011). 3. There was statistical difference between regularity of the BSE and the severity of breast cancer(F=3.301. P=0.019). 4. There was showed higher severity of the breast cancer in the elderly patients (r=0.l72, P=0.019). 5. There was showed higher severity of the breast cancer in the lower educational level(r=-0,170, P=0.033). According to this study need to the development of the educational program about the BSE and the future research about the regular BSE of the high risk group in the breast cancer.
Aged ; Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast Self-Examination* ; Breast* ; Education ; Humans ; Mammography ; Mastectomy ; Mastectomy, Simple

Congenital high scapula, more commonly referred to as Sprengel's deformity, was first described by Eulenberg in 1863. Usually other congenital anomalies are associated such as absent or fused ribs, chest wall asymmetry, Klippel-Feil syndrome, cervical ribs, congenital scoliosis, cervical spina biffida was treated with the excision of the elongated acromion and the resection of prominent elongated acromion to be described is an extremely rare malformation. We experienced one case of congenital high scapula associated with anomaly of the acromion, which was treated with the excision of the elongated acromion and the resection of prominent supermedial border of the scapula for the purpose of the cosmetic and functional correction. After 1 year follow up, abduction was improved by only 10 degrees in the glenohumeral joint with the definite cosmetic improvement.
Acromion ; Cervical Rib ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Follow-Up Studies ; Klippel-Feil Syndrome ; Ribs ; Scapula ; Scoliosis ; Shoulder Joint ; Thoracic Wall

The juvenile Tillaux fracture and the triplane fracture of the distal end of the tibia in adolescents are considered uncommon injuries and the mechanism of both injuries has been uncertain. It has been postulated that both fractures probably are caused by external rotation of the foot. We atempted to evaluate the mechanism of injury as well as to conform the role of the external rotation of the foot for the juvenile Tillaux fracture and triplane fracture. From 1983 to 1988 at the department of orthopedic surgery, college of medicine, Hallym University, we evaluated the cases of nine adolescent patients with the juvenile Tillaux fracture and nine patients with the triplane fracture of the distal tibial epiphysis. We confirmed that external rotation force produced the triplane fracture as well as juvenile Tillaux fracture. And we could postulate that the triplane fracture needed further external rotation force, less closure of the distal tibial epiphysis, and more complicated mechanism of injury than the juvenile Tillaux fracture. The knowledge of these mechanism of injury enables us to use a rational manipulative approach to reduce these fractures.
Adolescent ; Clinical Study ; Epiphyses ; Foot ; Humans ; Orthopedics ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Pancytopenia*

Malignant mixed mesodermal tumor (MMMT) of the ovary is endometrioid tumor containing epithelial and mesenchymal components. The mesenchymal component may be homologous, in which case the term carcinosarcoma is often used, or heterologous, containing cartilage, striated muscle, osteoid, bone, or fat, or combination of these elements. MMMT usually afflicts the postmenopausal woman and occurs more often in the nulliparous female. The disease is usually advanced (stage III) when diagnosed. Cliniopathologic data were presented for 3 cases of MMMT of the ovary with review of literatures. Clinical history substantiated previous reports in postmenopausal women wit this tumor. Symptoms were the same as for ovarian malignancy in general. All the patients presented wit stage II disease, according to the International Federation fo Gynecology and Obstetrics (FIGO) classification. Two patients died of tumor 4 and 10 months after operation, respectively. One patient had been alive at 2 months after operation. None of 3 cases demonstrate evidence of endometriosis in the remaining ovaries. Microscopically, periodic acid-Schiff (PAS)-positive, diastase-resistant hyaline droplets were found frequently in undifferentiated mesenchymal stroma and epithelial structures. The clinical significance and origin of the hyaline droplets in MMMT should be further explored.
Female ; Humans

A case of desmoplastic fibroma of mandible in a 18 years old woman is presented. She had complained progressive swelling of right mandible for 4 years. Radiographically, a multilocular radiolucent of right hemimandibulectomy showed multinodular external surface without cortical destruction. Cut surfaces revealed grayish white, fibrous homogeneous appearance with firm consistency, sparing head portion. The maximum diameter of the tumor was 13 cm. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of interlacing bundles of monomorphic spindle-shaped cells with abundant intercellular collagen. Ultrastructurally, most tumor cells were fibroblastic-like cells with abundant RER and cytoplasmic fibrils, but a few disclosed transition to myofibroblasts. However, no fully developed myofibroblasts were seen.
Female ; Humans

A case of desmoplastic fibroma of mandible in a 18 years old woman is presented. She had complained progressive swelling of right mandible for 4 years. Radiographically, a multilocular radiolucent of right hemimandibulectomy showed multinodular external surface without cortical destruction. Cut surfaces revealed grayish white, fibrous homogeneous appearance with firm consistency, sparing head portion. The maximum diameter of the tumor was 13 cm. Microscopically, the tumor was composed of interlacing bundles of monomorphic spindle-shaped cells with abundant intercellular collagen. Ultrastructurally, most tumor cells were fibroblastic-like cells with abundant RER and cytoplasmic fibrils, but a few disclosed transition to myofibroblasts. However, no fully developed myofibroblasts were seen.
Female ; Humans

Talus is an important structure of the ankle joint and its function is critical for ambulation and weight bearing. The talus fracture is rare, but the complications of fracture and dislocation are serious and resulting in avascular necrosis, osteoarthritis. So its treatment is carefully considered at initial status. Authors reviewed 11 cases of fracture and dislocation of the talus treated at Yeungnam university hospital from 1984 to 1991. The longest follow up was 8 years and shortest, 1 years. The results were as follows. 1. There were all males, the average age was 30 years old. 2. The most common cause was fall down (8 cases), and next traffic accident (2 cases), sports injury (1 case). 3. According to Marti-Weber classification, 1 case was type I, 1 in type II, 4 in type III and 5 in type IV. 4. The method of treatment were open reduction and internal fixation in 6 cases, the others were closed reduction in 5 cases. 5. Final results (by Hawkins grading system) were as follows, 3 cases were excellent, 4 cases were good, 1 case was fair and 3 cases were poor. 6. Complications were AVN in 2 cases, degenerative arthritis in 8 cases, malunion in 1 case. 7. The range of motion of the ankle joint was relatively preserved (74%), but in the subtalar joint it was decreased (43%)
Accidents, Traffic ; Ankle Joint ; Athletic Injuries ; Classification ; Dislocations ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Male ; Methods ; Necrosis ; Osteoarthritis ; Range of Motion, Articular ; Subtalar Joint ; Talus* ; Walking ; Weight-Bearing

PURPOSE: In adriamycin(ADR)-induced cardiomyopathy, several different mechanisms are suggested. However, little information is available regarding the role of apoptosis. In the present study, we examined the induction of apoptosis on ADR treatment and anti-apoptotic effects of probucol, a lipid-lowering drug, and we also studied the changes of bcl-2 expression in order to see the molecular mechanisms underlying the effect of probucol. METHODS: Cardiac myocytes were isolated from 3-day-old rats, and cultured in low(1 pM) or high doses(10pM) of ADR for 24 hours. Probucol(50 pM) was added 30 minutes before ADR administration. Apoptosis was determined by TUNEL staining, and bcl-2 expression was estimated by immunocytochemistry. RESULTS: The number of TUNEL-positive cells significantly increased in both groups treated with ADR. However, anti-apoptotic effect of probucol was evident only in low dose. In addition, the expression of bcl-2 was significantly increased only in the low-dose ADR treatment group and its expression was inhibited by pretreatment of probucol. CONCLUSION: These results suggest that apoptosis might play an important role in ADR-induced cardiotoxicity, and ADR-induced apoptosis was partially prevented by pretreatment of probucol. And ADR-induced apoptosis was not related with depression of bcl-2. Additionally, inhibition of bcl-2 gene expression of low-dose ADR treatment group by probucol suggests that another cell survival mechanism could be implicated in the action of probucol. (J Korean Pediatr Soc 2000;43:746-754)
Animals ; Apoptosis* ; Cardiomyopathies ; Cell Survival ; Depression ; Doxorubicin ; Genes, bcl-2 ; Immunohistochemistry ; In Situ Nick-End Labeling ; Myocytes, Cardiac* ; Probucol* ; Rats*

No abstract available.
Pneumothorax* ; Suction* ; Thoracostomy*