Intestinal metaplasia (IM) have long been thought to play a role in the pathogenesis of gastric intestinal adenocarcinoma, but not in that of diffuse cancer. We studied 20 normal gastric mucosa, 90 IM, 39 atypia (dysplasia or adenoma), and 51 adenocarcinoma to evaluate the expression of p53, erb B2, and H-ras p21 proteins and to assess the correlation with IM (esp. type III IM, revealing positive HID-AB/PAS for sulfomucin). Positive rate of HID-AB staining revealed an increased trend in comparison between IM, atypia and adenocarcinoma. It was the highest in mucinous carcinoma, but it was not correlated with positive oncoprotein expressions. Positive rates of oncoproteins revealed increased trends in comparison between IM, dysplasia or adenoma and adenocarcinoma in c-erb B2 and p53 (P<0.01). The positive rates were highest in intestinal adenocarcinoma (50.0% and 54.2%, respectively). Rates were lowest in biopsy tissue of IM (4.4% and 8.7%, respectively). The expression of H-ras p21 was not significant in gastric carcinogenesis. There was no significant correlation between oncoproteins and other clinical parameters, such as depth of invasion, differentiation, size and nodal metastasis of the tumors. Therefore, we suggest that p53 and erb B2 may play a role in the carcinogenesis of gastric intestinal adenocarcinoma.
Adenocarcinoma ; Adenocarcinoma, Mucinous ; Adenoma ; Biopsy ; Carcinogenesis ; Gastric Mucosa ; Metaplasia* ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Oncogene Proteins

No abstract available.
Dentures*

No abstract available.
Alloys* ; Dental Porcelain*

No abstract available.
Maxillary Sinus* ; Orbit* ; Orbital Fractures*

Retinoblastoma is a malignant tumor that arises from the retina. The prognosis is very unfavorable if the choroid is affected or the central nervous system is invaded or if metastasis have occurred. We experienced a case of the retinoblastoma with optic nerve involvement in a 3-years-old female had metastasis to the tibia. She was enucleated of the left eye five months ago. We report it with brief review of the literature.
Central Nervous System ; Choroid ; Female ; Humans ; Neoplasm Metastasis ; Optic Nerve ; Prognosis ; Retina ; Retinoblastoma ; Tibia

No abstract available.
Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* ; Female ; Ovary*

PURPOSE: Conventional laparoscopic appendectomy (LA) is a widely used treatment for appendicitis. Nowadays, single incision laparoscopic appendectomy (SILA) is increasingly used as an alternative treatment for appendicitis. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the clinical significance and differences between LA and SILA. METHODS: A total of 519 patients undergoing LA or SILA between January 2011 and December 2012 were identified in a retrospectively collected database. Patients' characteristics and peri-operative variables were analyzed. RESULTS: LA was performed in 485 patients and SILA was performed in 34 patients. Mean operation time for the LA group was 62.7 minutes (range 23.3~68.1) and that for the SILA group was 62.7 minutes (range 50.9~74.5). This difference of operation time was statistically significant. In the learning curve of SILA, operation time was gradually decreased. No significant differences in hospital stay and peri-operative complications were observed between groups. CONCLUSION: Although operation time for SILA was longer than that for LA, SILA was safe. Therefore, a prospective study should be conducted in order to confirm the possibility of application to most appendicitis patients.
Appendectomy ; Appendicitis ; Humans ; Laparoscopy ; Learning Curve ; Length of Stay ; Retrospective Studies

Cisplatin has been widely used as chemotherapeutic agent for the treatment of cervical cancer, ovarian cancer, head and neck cancer and squamous cell carcinoma of lung. But cisplatin is highly toxic with nephrotoxicity, gastrointestinal toxicity, myelosuppression and neurotoxicity. The second generation drug of platinum compound, carboplatin was developed in 1980s to reduce side effects. Carboplatin has low nephrotoxicity but its major toxic effect is thrombocytopenia, In this study, the side effects of cisplatin and carboplatin were evaluated on 37 patients of cervical cancer in 169 chemotherpy cycles who were recieved combined VBP chemotherpeutic regimen consisting of cisplatin or carboplatin. Nephrotoxicity of grade 2 or over were 16% in cisplatin group and 1% in carboplatin group. Granulocytopenia of grade 2 or over were 34% in cisplatin group and 10% in carboplatin group. Thrombocytopenia of grade 2 or over were 7% in cisplatin group and 21% in carboplatin group. Gastrointestinal toxicity of grade 2 or over were 11% in cisplatin group and 0% in carboplatin group. This clinical study demonstrated that cisplatin has more toxic effects than carboplatin except thrombocytopenia.
Agranulocytosis ; Carboplatin* ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; Cisplatin* ; Drug Therapy, Combination* ; Head and Neck Neoplasms ; Humans ; Lung ; Ovarian Neoplasms ; Platinum ; Thrombocytopenia ; Uterine Cervical Neoplasms

The antimicrobial agents reduced infectious diseases significantly. However, antibiotic resistance has followed for almost every antimicrobial agent. Especially, Staphylococcus aureus was one of the most notorious for the multidrug resistance. Streptomyces sp. 681 has been selected for antibiotic-producing strain against methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) from 1,000 strains of Actinomycetales which had been isolated from soil. In antimicrobial susceptibility test, all of the test strains were susceptible to vancomycin. However, most strains of Staphylococcus aureus were found to be resistant to methicillin. Ninety eight (75%) strains out of 129 strains showed multiple resistance pattern to more than 5 antimicrobial agents. The MIC values of the purified antibiotic (K-681) were 1-32 ug/ml against Gram-positive bacteria compared to >128 ug/ml against Grarn-negative bacteria or fungi. The MIC was 8 ug/ml for 90% of the 129 clinical isolates of S. aureus. The antibiotic showed no cytotoxicity against P 388, HeLa, and S180 at the concentration of 500 ug/ml.
Actinomycetales ; Anti-Infective Agents ; Bacteria ; Communicable Diseases ; Drug Resistance, Microbial ; Drug Resistance, Multiple ; Fungi ; Gram-Positive Bacteria ; Methicillin ; Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus ; Soil ; Staphylococcus aureus* ; Staphylococcus* ; Streptomyces* ; Vancomycin

No abstract available.
Appendicitis* ; Child* ; Humans