BACKGROUND: Fatigue is one of the most common complaints of primary care practices and consists of symptoms of physical diseases and neurotic symptoms. This study was conducted to find that fatigue related to neurotic symptoms is as important as fatigue related to symptoms of the physical diseases itself. In addition to it, this study is to clarify and to understand the details of the neurotic symptoms. METHODS: In the course of six months(from April to september, 1996.), the 73 subjects were selected among the people that visited the outpatient department of family medicine with symptom of fatigue. The control group was selected from the healthy population which matched nearly the same number as the fatigue group. As tools of measurement, we used SCL-MPD consisted of 67 items. We performed statistical analysis among the data by means of SPSS/PC+. We analysed statistical dat,a for significance using non-parametric Mann-Whitney U test. RESULTS: There was no difference between the prevalence of men and women in the fatigue group. As the level of education decreased and employment increased, the proportion of patients that complained of fatigue increased. The fatigue group scored significantly higher than the control group in all questionnaire of SCL-MPD. The results of the somatization scale and phobic-anxiety were significant,ly high(p<0.01) and the rest of the scales were even more significantly high(p<0.001). Women scored higher in all aspects of SCL MPD than men. CONCLUSIONS: The author emphasize the importance of neurotic symptoms related to fatigue and biopsychosocial approach towards the patient. Considering the increase in medical cost and the decrease in productivity due to fatigue, there needs to be a thorough study on fatigue.
Education ; Efficiency ; Employment ; Fatigue* ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Outpatients ; Prevalence ; Primary Health Care ; Weights and Measures ; Surveys and Questionnaires

BACKGROUND: Chronically disabled rehabilitating patients influence their family members by their physical dysfunction. The purpose of this study was to know the relation of family function and physical function in disable person who is periodically treated in r ehabilitation department. METHODS: To know the family function according to physical disability, 64 patients(M/ F: 40/24) in rehabilitation clinic in 1 university hospital was studied by questionnaires including ADL(activity of daily living), IADL(instrumental actvity of daily living), FIM(functional independence measure), family APGAR. RESULTS: Causes of disabilities were stroke 2, traumatic brain injury 14, fracture 16, spinal cord injury 12, burn 2, arthritis 9, back pain syndrome 9 in order. Physical function of functional families was better than dysfunctional families. And physical function according to FIM score was statistically significant(p<0.05). Physical function was significantly(P value, ADL: 0.021, IADL: 0.009, FIM: 0.005) correlated with family APGAR score. CONCLUSIONS: Physical function and family function in rehabilitating patients with irreversible disability have significant correlations. Physician have to consider family function and dynamics in care of physically disabled patients.
Activities of Daily Living ; Apgar Score ; Arthritis ; Back Pain ; Brain Injuries ; Burns ; Disabled Persons ; Humans ; Rehabilitation ; Spinal Cord Injuries ; Stroke ; Surveys and Questionnaires

No abstract available.
Breast Neoplasms* ; Breast*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic* ; Urodynamics*

BACKGROUND: Headache is one of the most common medical complaints. The majority of headaches are not associated with significant organic disease. Many persons are susceptible to headaches at times of emotional or physical distresses. The purpose of this study is to evaluate neurotic symptoms of headache patients. METHODS: The present study was made in the patients with headache symptoms. who had visits t,he outpatient clinic of Family Medicine of a University Hospital from April 1st to July 31st, 1996, 110 subjects with headaches and 136 controls which were closely matched according to sex, age and socioeconomic status. Neurotic symptoms were assessed using the Symptom Check List for Minor Psychiatric Disorders(SCL-MPD). The statistical analysis was made between the two groups. RESULTS: 1) All but 3 items were significantly higher in headache group(p<0.05 : 2 items;p<0.01 : 9 items ; p<0.001 : 53 items). 2) The headache group had a statistically significant higher score of the each neurotic dimension in comparison of the non-headache group (somatization, anxiety, depression , anger-hostility, interpersonal -sensitivity, phobic anxiety, obsessive -compulsive , neurasthenia, hypochondriasis and general) (p<0.001). 3) The age and the presence of occupation were significantly associated with headache symptoms. The somatization and depression scales had the strongest independent association with headaches as compared with other dimensions. CONCLUSIONS: Persons with headache had higher levels of neurotic symptoms and psychological distresses compared to the non-headache group. Physicians need to be aware of the various types of distresses comprehensively with psychosocial assessments and evaluations.
Ambulatory Care Facilities ; Anxiety ; Depression ; Headache* ; Humans ; Hypochondriasis ; Neurasthenia ; Occupations ; Social Class ; Weights and Measures

Agrobacterium tumefaciens induces cancerous growths called crown galls at wound sites on dicotyledonous plants. A large plasmid called T1 plasmid is responsible for virulence. Upon tumor induction, part of the plasmid, termed T-DNA, becomes integrated into plant genome and its genetic sequences are expressed. These properties allow T1 plasmids to be used as gene vectors in plants. Several in vitro methods for the transfer of T1 plasmid into plant cell have been developed. One of them is the treatment of bacterial spheroplasts and plant protoplasts mixture with polyethylene glycol that is generally used as fusogen in cell-to-cell fusion. Several workers investigated the interaction of bacterial spheroplasts with plant protoplasts in the presence of polyethylene glycol and suggested that the interaction is not fusion but endocytosis. In this report we observed the interaction of Agrobacterium tumefaciens spheroplasts with Nicotiana tabacum protoplasts by electron microscope. Agrobacterium tumefaciens spheroplasts with Nicotiana tabacum protoplasts were prepared and mixed in the presence of polyethylene glycol and high pH-high Ca²⁺ buffer. Then the interaction of the spheroplasts with the protoplasts was examined by transmission electron microscope. After the treatment of polyethylene glycol the spheroplasts adhered to the surface of the protoplasts and then they were engulfed by the protoplasts. After the high pH-high Ca²⁺ buffer treatment the engulfed spheroplasts lost their cell integrity. No fusion process was observed. Thus all these observation suggest that the introduction process of Agrobacterium tumefaciens spheroplasts into Nicotiana tabacum protoplasts with the aid of polyethylene glycol is endocytosis.
Agrobacterium tumefaciens* ; Agrobacterium* ; Endocytosis ; Genome, Plant ; In Vitro Techniques ; Plant Cells ; Plant Tumors ; Plants ; Plasmids ; Polyethylene Glycols ; Protoplasts* ; Spheroplasts* ; Tobacco* ; Virulence ; Wounds and Injuries

We report a case of para.psoriasis variegata in a 19 year-old male patient wha has brownish flat scaly papules that are confluent in a retiform pattern characterized by symmetrical distribution on trunk and upper extremities. A skin biopsy specimen showed hyperkeratosis, focaI parakeratosis, hyperpigmentation of basal cell layer, and a mild lymphocytic perivascular infiltrate. No evidence was found for a relationship to lymphoma.
Biopsy ; Humans ; Hyperpigmentation ; Lymphoma ; Male ; Parakeratosis ; Parapsoriasis* ; Skin ; Upper Extremity ; Young Adult

No abstract available.
Needles* ; Prostatitis*

No abstract available.
Nipples* ; Poroma*

No abstract available.
Female ; Humans ; Insulin* ; Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins*