OBJECTIVE:To compare economy among sodium valproate (VPA),topiramate (TPM) and dipheninum (DPH) in the treatment of epilepsy (EP). METHODS:Retrieved from ProQuest,PubMed,Springer,CJFD,VIP,Wanfang database,re-searches about economy among VPA,TPM and DPH in the treatment of EP were collected. TreeAge Pro 2011.1.0.12.1 software was used to establish Markov model,and cost-effectiveness ratios (CER) of them were calculated to evaluate their economy. RE-SULTS:CER of DPH,VPA,TPM were 29.99,2 664.52 and 6 657.25,in ascending order of DPH

[Objective]To investigate the correlation of sagittal parameters in L5~S1 isthmic spondylolisthesis and its clinical manifestation.[Method]Seventy-six patients with L5~S1 isthmic spondylolisthesis were treated between January 2000 and December 2005,there were 32 males and 44 females with the age between 12 and 68 years.The lateral standing radiographs of the spine and pelvis were analyzed retrospectively.Radiographic parameters measured including pelvic incidence(PI),sacral slope(SS),lumbar lordosis(LL),lumbosacral angle(LSA)and grade of spondylolisthesis.All measurements were done by the same individual and compared to those of a cohort of 30 normal subjects.Students test was used to compare the parameters between the curve types and Pearsons correlation coefficients were used to investigate the association between all parameters(P

Objective To replicate a model of type Ⅱ collagen (C Ⅱ) induced arthritis in C57BL/6 mice. Methods C57BL/6 mice were immunized by intradermal injection at the base of the tail with chick type Ⅱ collagen and complete Freund adjuvant emulsion, followed by another injection 21 days later. Manifestations of joint ailment, pathological examination, and T cell subtypes detected by FCM were observed. Results In comparison with control mice, the C57BL/6 mice developed CIA with high incidence (70%) and severity after immunization. Hyperplasia of the synovium and inflammatory infiltration were observed. The percentage of Th1 cells in the peripheral blood of the mice was significantly increased in the peripheral mononuclear cells (PBMC). Conclusion The CIA model of C57BL/6 mice and the platform its study were successfully established.

Colonic Diseases ; Hepatitis C, Chronic ; Humans ; Interferons ; Ischemia

BACKGROUND:Some scholars suggest that the nerve root palsy after cervical spinal stenosis treated with
decompression and implant internal fixation is related with the cervical stability and cervical lordosis, but there is controversial.
OBJECTIVE:To explore the C 5 nerve root palsy and stability after cervical spinal stenosis treated with posterior laminectomy lateral mass fixation and single-door decompression laminoplasty.
METHODS:Twenty-nine cervical spinal stenosis patients were selected and treated with posterior
decompression and implant internal fixation. Posterior laminectomy lateral mass fixation for the treatment of
cervical spinal stenosis:C3-6 lateral mass and C7 pedicel screw internal fixation was performed and caused rough surface on the facet joint;the unstable segment was confirmed according to the preoperative anteraposterior
plain film and dynamic radiographs combined with MRI and CT images, and then the corresponding segments were treated with lateral mass internal fixation, single-door decompression laminoplasty and laminoplasty.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Al the 29 cervical spinal stenosis patients were fol owed-up for 8 months to 2.3 years. Among them, 14 cases were treated with posterior laminectomy lateral mass fixation, two cases had nerve root palsy in the early stage after implantation, three cases had incomplete paralysis after long-term symptom recurrence and treated with second surgery of scar remove and decompression;15 cases were treated with single-door decompression
laminoplasty, and one case had C 5 never root palsy and shoulder abduction dysfunctionafter treatment, no preoperative symptom recurrence. The nerve root palsy wil restored in 6 weeks for shortest and 9 months for longest. As the limitation of the case number, it is not clear whether there were significant differences in the correlation between C 5 nerve root
palsy and segmental stability, cervical lordosis, spinal decompression degree and the range for spinal cord shift, as wel as the nerve root palsy degree and the cervical spinal stenosis recurrence caused by forward scar between two
treatment methods, so accumulation observation of the cases and clinical experience are needed.

Objective To compare the characteristics of connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease (CTD-ILD) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis(IPF). Methods Patients with a diagnosis of ILD from June 2014 to December 2015 were selected in this study and patients with known other causes of ILD were excluded. The clinical manifestation, autoantibody, high resolution chest computed tomography (CT) and blood gas analysis were retrospectively analyzed. Results Six hundred and twenty-eight patients were included in this study. The prevalence of CTD-ILD and IPF were 459 (73.09%) and 169(26.91%) respectively. The age in IPF group was higher than that in CTD-ILD group:(67.10 ± 13.13) years vs. (52.10 ± 14.23) years, and there was significant difference (t =-10.092, P =0.000). The rate of male in IPF group was higher than that in CTD-ILD group: 75.15%(127/169) vs. 28.32%(130/459), and there was significant difference (P=0.000). Autoantibodies were commonly seen in CTD-ILD group and only antinuclear antibody, and anti-SSA antibody and anti-Ro-52 antibody were seen in IPF group. The most common chest images were honeycombing, bullae of lung and pneumonectasis in CTD-ILD group, while the presence of consolidation and small nodular shadow were more common in IPF group. The concurrence of respiratory failure was higher in IPF group compared with that in CTD-ILD group:49.11%(83/169) vs. 13.07%(60/459), and there was significant difference (P<0.01). Conclusions Patients with CTD-ILD and IPF possess distinct characteristics. Overall assessment of clinical manifestation, autoantibody serology, high resolution chest CT and other indicator will be conducive to the differential diagnosis and treatment of ILD.

Objective Cathepsin K (CTSK) played an important role in adipocyte differentiation.The activation of CTSK needs to convey by mannose-6-phosphate receptors (M6PR) in osteoclasts. The aim of the present study was to identify the effects of mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) in adipocyte differentiation and its underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Oil red O staining, accumulation of cytoplasmic triglycerides and glycerine release were used to assess its effects on adipocyte differentiation in the 3T3-L1cell line. The enzyme activity of CTSK was observed by laser confocal microscopy. The proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was detected by MTT methods. mRNA expression of M6PR was determined by RTPCR. Results M6P could prevent adipocyte differentiation in a dose-dependent manner as evidenced by absence of triglyceride accumulation and glycerol content. Statistical significance was showed when the concentrations of M6P were 5.0 mmol/L and 8. 0 mmol/L respectively(P ＜0. 05). The mRNA expression of M6PR was detected during the whole process of adipocyte differentiation. With the increase of M6Pconcentration, enzyme activity of CTSK was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. MTT method showed that the absorbance at 570 nm of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was 0. 057 ±0. 091, increased about 62. 9%at 10. 0 mmoL/L compared with the control group (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion M6P inhibits the terminal differentiation of adipocyte, which may be associated with its effect of blocking CTSK activity by competitive binding with M6PR.

Objective To explore the clinical value of the different components of glycosylated hemoglobin in pa-tients with coronary artery disease (CAD). Methods A total of 217 patients were divided into 3 groups:CAD group (groupⅠ, n=60), CAD patients without acute coronary syndrome (ACS) and with diabetes mellitus group (groupⅡ, n=60) and ACS patients with diabetes mellitus group (groupⅢ, n=97). Fifty-eight healthy volunteers in the same time period were selected as control group. The values of fructose glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1a), lactose glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1b), glucose glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), hemoglobin P3 component (HbP3), hemoglobin A0 component (HbA0), unstable glycosyl-ated hemoglobin (LA1c/CHb1) and alkali-resistant hemoglobin (HbF) were measured. These parameters were compared be-tween 4 groups. Logistic regression was used to analyze factors that influencing CAD and CAD with diabetes mellitus. The re-ceiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve was used to analyze the diagnostic efficiency of these factors. Results There were significant differences in titers of HbA1b, HbA1c, HbP3 and HbA0 between groupⅠ, groupⅡ, groupⅢand control group (P＜0.01, or P＜0.05). There were no significant differences in levels of glycosylated hemoglobin parameters between groupⅡand groupⅢ(P>0.05). Logistic regression and ROC curve analysis showed that HbA1c and HbP3 were indepen-dent effects of CAD, and there were some diagnostic efficiency of CAD. The diagnostic efficiency of ROC curve was consis-tent in HbA1c and HbP3 between group Ⅱ and group Ⅲ. Conclusion Levels of HbA1b, HbA1c, HbP3 and HbA0 are closely related to CAD and CAD with diabetes mellitus. HbA1c and HbP3 are independent effects of CAD and, there are some diagnostic efficiency in CAD.

Objective To describe the epidemiology and clinical characteristics of spinal infections to assist the clinical diagnosis and treatment .Methods Clinical data of all cases with spinal infections at He′nan Provincial People′s Hospital from January 2010 to December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively . The demographic characteristics , risk factors , clinical characteristics and outcomes were evaluated . Variables were compared by t‐test ,chi‐square test or Fisher exact test when appropriate .Results Totally 231 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria and were reviewed ,of which 179 (77 .5% ) were pyogenic spinal infection (PSI) and 52 (22 .5% ) were tuberculous spinal infection (TSI) .The most common risk factor for infection was history of previous spinal surgery or procedure (43 .3% ) ,followed by diabetes mellitus (14 .7% ) .The infection site of lumbosacral spine was prominent with 114 cases (63 .7% ) in PSI and 38 cases (73 .1% ) in TSI .At initial presentation ,white cell blood count ([10 .8 ± 4 .5] × 109/L vs [7 .3 ± 3 .2]× 109/L ,t=2 .685) and C‐reactive protein levels ([79 ± 33] vs [37 ± 21] mg/L ,t=6 .241) in PSI were higher compared to TSI (both P<0 .05) .The positive rate of blood culture was significant higher than tissue culture in PSI (47 .9% vs 21 .8% ,χ2 = 6 .782 , P< 0 .05 ) .But the positive rate of blood culture was significantly lower than tissue culture in TSI (0 vs 39 .4% ,χ2 =8 .312 , P<0 .05) .Surgical treatment was performed in 30 .2% of PSI and 25 .0% of TSI .Conclusions History of spinal surgery or procedure is the most common risk factor for spinal infections , followed by diabetes mellitus . The lumbosacral spine is the common involved site in both PSI and TSI .The incidence of PSI is higher among spinal infections in our hospital .And Staphylococcus aureus is the most common pathogenic bacteria in PSI .

AIM: To investigate the effect of high concentration of chlorine gas(Cl 2) exposure on lung haemodynamic and respiratory function in intact and isolated perfused rabbit lungs (IPLs). METHODS: 8 intact and 10 IPLs were exposed to Cl 2 at high concentration(50?10 -4 )for 20 min, as measured group, 8 additional intact and 9 IPLs, which were similarly treated but not exposed to Cl 2, served as controls. The changes of lung weigh of IPL(△W)?pressure of pulmonary artery(Pa)and venous pressure(Pv)?airway pressure and tidal volume(TV) were continuously measured and recorded simultaneously. RESULTS: In IPL group: While the perfusing blood flow was kept constant (133.3 mL/min), and Pv did not change, following the exposure, the Pa increased slightly, then the lung weight were increased significantly and the TV decreased . Hematocrit of perfusate of EIPL and parameters of lung water increased also. In intact group : Pa increased slightly, respiratory rate accelerated immediately, and TV decreased. CONCLUSION:Although mean Pa increased continuously and slightly in both intact and IPL group following the exposure to high concentration of Cl 2, the primary cause of edema was most likely to alter pulmonary capillary permeability. The respiratory rate accelerated and TV decreased due to exposure to Cl 2 enhanced hypoxia of intact rabbits.