Ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) is a multistep pathophysiological process involving a complex of multi-factors.To alleviate the IRI is of great importance in clinical liver transplantation,especially for marginal donor livers.This article overviewed the protective strategies and the latest progress for alleviation of IRI in three stages of liver transplantation,which includes liver procurement,preservation and reperfusion.

Objective To observe the effects of calcitonin on osteoclast activity and expressions of osteoprotegrin (OPG) and receptor activator of NF-?B ligand (RANKL) in vitro. Methods Osteoclasts and their precursors were mechanically isolated from long bones of SD rats and incubated on bone sheet in MEM with different concentration of calcitonin. Number, morphology of the osteoclasts were detected with tartrate-resistance acid phosphatase (TRAP) staining. Image-Pro Plus counted the resorption pits and areas on slices, stained by toludine blue. RT-PCR was used to examine the expressions of OPG and RANKL of osteoclast. Results Number of osteoclasts were decreased with increasing CT concentrations. After incubation for 5 days, resorption pits were decreased in a concentration-dependent manner (P

Objective: To observe the therapeutic effect of An-pressing and Rou-kneading manipulations for exercise fatigue of the anterior tibial muscle. Methods: Sixty healthy subjects were randomly divided into two groups, 30 in each group. Isokinetic test training was employed to induce left anterior tibial muscle fatigue. After this, subjects in the observation group received 5 min of tuina treatment, while subjects in the control group just lay down for 5 min. Then the integral myoelectricity, maximum amplitude, mean frequency and slope of the anterior tibial muscle and gastrocnemius muscle were measured using a surface electromyography (EMG) during the passive movements of the ankle joints in two groups. Results: Before treatment, the integral myoelectricity, maximum amplitude, mean frequency and slope of the anterior tibial muscle during exercise in two groups were consistent under isokinetic mode (P>0.05). After 5 min of tuina or rest, the myoelectric signals during exercise in two groups were both decreased. However, subjects in the observation group obtained a remarkably increased gain and gain rates of myoelectric signal than the control group (P<0.05). This indicates that the myoelectric signals were not fully recovered, but tuina has a better effect than rest on improving the myoelectric signal of the anterior tibia. Conclusion: Rest and tuina can both improve muscle fatigue. Tuina can obtain a better effect within the same time frame.

Objective: To investigate the clinical efficacy of Ashi points in the treatment of myofascial pain syndrome. Method: A hundred and fifty cases were randomized into a treatment group and a control group by the order of visit. The cases in the treatment group were treated with Stuck Needle method in Ashi points plus tuina manipulations. The cases in the control group were treated with external local application of Votalin. The cases in both groups were treated once a day and 10 times made up one course. Results: Among 90 cases in the treatment group, 18 got clinical recovery, 34 got marked effect, 34 got certain effect, the marked effective rate was 57.8% and the total effective rate was 94.4%; while among 60 cases in the control group, 1 got clinical recovery, 18 got marked effect, 15 got certain effect, the marked effective rate was 31.7% and the total effective rate was 73.3%. Statistical management showed P<0.01, indicating a significantly better effect in the treatment group. In addition, Stuck Needle method in Ashi points plus tuina manipulations can effectively improve local pain, tenderness, muscle spasm and motion range of joints, and can obtain significantly better effect for muscle spasm and motion range of joints. Conclusion: This therapy is safe, reliable and effective, and therefore worth spreading for clinical application.

Objective:To understand the distribution characteristics of human brucellosis in Anyang City, Henan Province, and to provide scientific basis for control of brucellosis.Methods:The epidemic data and population data of human brucellosis in 2019 in Anyang City were collected from the Chinese Disease Control and Prevention Information System, and the epidemiological and clinical data were collected by Anyang Center for Disease Control and Prevention. Descriptive epidemiological method was used to sort out and analyze the epidemiological and clinical characteristics of brucellosis.Results:In 2019, 128 cases of brucellosis were reported in Anyang City, with an incidence rate of 3.12/100 000 (128/4 096 193). Among them, 85 cases were male and 43 cases were female, the sex ratio of male to female was 1.98∶1.00; the youngest was 1 year old, and the oldest was 83 years old, there were 100 cases between 40 and 69 years old, accounting for 78.12% (100/128); the main occupation was farmer (119 cases), accounting for 92.97% (119/128); a total of 96 cases had contact history with sheep, accounting for 75.00% (96/128). The peak of incidence was from April to August (81 cases), accounting for 63.28% (81/128). Eight counties (cities and districts) in Anyang City were all affected, and the top three counties (districts) were Yindu District (15.39/100 000, 42/272 983), Longan District (5.16/100 000, 12/232 421) and Neihuang County (4.02/100 000, 27/672 396). The median time from onset to diagnosis was 32.18 d, ranging from 3 to 350 d, 72 cases were ≥ 31 d, accounting for 56.25% (72/128).Conclusions:In 2019, the main population of brucellosis in Anyang City is male middle-aged and elderly farmers, and the main infection route is contact transmission. It is suggested to strengthen the implementation of prevention and control measures of brucellosis.

Objective Cathepsin K (CTSK) played an important role in adipocyte differentiation.The activation of CTSK needs to convey by mannose-6-phosphate receptors (M6PR) in osteoclasts. The aim of the present study was to identify the effects of mannose-6-phosphate (M6P) in adipocyte differentiation and its underlying molecular mechanism. Methods Oil red O staining, accumulation of cytoplasmic triglycerides and glycerine release were used to assess its effects on adipocyte differentiation in the 3T3-L1cell line. The enzyme activity of CTSK was observed by laser confocal microscopy. The proliferation of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was detected by MTT methods. mRNA expression of M6PR was determined by RTPCR. Results M6P could prevent adipocyte differentiation in a dose-dependent manner as evidenced by absence of triglyceride accumulation and glycerol content. Statistical significance was showed when the concentrations of M6P were 5.0 mmol/L and 8. 0 mmol/L respectively(P ＜0. 05). The mRNA expression of M6PR was detected during the whole process of adipocyte differentiation. With the increase of M6Pconcentration, enzyme activity of CTSK was inhibited in a concentration-dependent manner. MTT method showed that the absorbance at 570 nm of 3T3-L1 preadipocytes was 0. 057 ±0. 091, increased about 62. 9%at 10. 0 mmoL/L compared with the control group (P ＜ 0. 05 ). Conclusion M6P inhibits the terminal differentiation of adipocyte, which may be associated with its effect of blocking CTSK activity by competitive binding with M6PR.

Objective To study the effect of laparoscopic cholecystectomy endoscopic sphincterotomy combined with Oddi lithotomy (EST) treatment of gallbladder stone on common bile duct stones. Methods A retrospective analysis between May 2003 and June 2009 ,the combined treatment of LC and EST in 78 patients with common bile duct stones was retrospectivelly analyzed. First, bile duct stones were removed by EST, then laparoscopic cholecystectomy was performed within 5 days. Results EST was performed successfully in 76 cases (97%), failure in 2 cases, 1 case abdominal choledochojejunostomy due to the end of bile duct stenosis; one cases of common bile duct stone diameter of 1.6 cm, firm, failure of mechanical lithotripsy received common bile duct ploration T-tube drainage 76 cases of laparoscopic operation is successful, without obvious bleeding, bile leakage and other severe complications. Conclusions The advantages of EST + LC for the gallbladder stones and common bile duct stones with less trauma, faster recovery, fewer complications, and no T-tube drainage, etc; this is a safe and effective treatment.

Objective To explore the role of enteral nutrition in the treatment of functional delayed gastric emptying. Methods Among 15 patients with functional delayed gastric emptying after resection of esophageal or gastric cardiac carcinoma, 10 patients were treated with enteral nutrition( EN group),5 patients were treated with parenteral nutrition (PN group). Postoperative hospital stay, gastrointestinal decompression amount, recovering time of postoperative gastric emptying were observed to assess the efficacy of enteral nutrition. Results The average postoperative hospital stay was ( 14. 4 ± 4. 6) days in the EN group, whereas (20. 3 ±6. 6) days in the PN group. The average recovering time of postoperative gastric emptying was (19 ±9)days in the PN group and( 12 ± 4)days in the EN group. Conclusion The method of EN can enhance gastric emptying and is effective for functional delayed gastric emptying after resection of esophageal or gastric cardiac carcinoma

Objective To investigate the differential expressions of microRNA after HBV integration. Methods A human microRNA microarray was used to analyze the microRNA expression profile in HepG2.2.15 cell line, a novel model of HBV infection. HepG2 cells served as a mock control. Then the microRNA with differential expression were proved using real-time PCR. Results HBV infection induced 6 microRNA down-regulated (hsa-miR-30a-5p, hsa-miR-24, hsa-let-7a, hsa-let-7c, hsa-let-7f and hsa-miR-23b) and 3 microRNA up-regulated (hsa-miR-194, hsa-miR-200a and hsa-miR-345). Conclusion HBV integration can induce the changes of microRNA expression profile in hepatocytes.

Objective To analyze the clinicaopathological features and treatment of bilateral asynchronous breast cancer.Methods The clinical and pathological data of 13 patients with bilateral asynchronous breast cancer admitted in our hospital from 2010 to 2016 ere retrospectively reviewed.Results The bilateral asynchronous breast cancer accounted for 1.7% of all breast cancer patients admitted n the same period (13/782).The median age of patients at first onset was 47.The modified radical operation was the main surgical lity (12/13 for the first cancer;8/13 for the second cancer).The clinical stage Ⅱ was predominant in all patients (10/13 of the first r;9/13 of the second cancer).Invasive ductal cancer was the most common pathologic type (in 11/13 of the first cancer;11/13 of the cond cancer).Hormone receptors were highly expressed in most of the cases (9/13 of the first cancer;7/13 of the second cancer).The disease-free interval was more than 10 years in most cases (8/13).Among 13 cases local recurrence was detected in 1 case, distant metastases in 2 cases, and 1 case died from distant metastasis.Conclusion The bilateral asynchronous breast cancer has a low incidence;however, a close follow up is necessary for early detection and treatment of the second carcinoma.