Objective To investigate the factors associated with hospital infection in old inpatients with Alzheimer's disease. Methods 368 old inpatients with Alzheimer's disease were reviewed and analyzed with Logistic regression. Results There were 95 cases (25.81%) suffered in hospital infection to 116 case-times. As multivariate regression analysis, activities of daily living (OR=8.398, 95% CI: 5.343~12.098), invasive intervention (OR=2.842, 95%CI: 1.445~3.365), no insight (OR=4.457, 95%CI: 2.789~8.853), long-term use of antibiotics (OR=3.348, 95%CI: 1.693~6.336), chronic in bed (OR=3.258, 95%CI: 1.583~6.154), and antipsychotic drug (OR=2.243, 95%CI: 1.427~5.583) increased the risk of hospital infection independently, and ventilated timely (OR=0.546, 95%CI: 0.334~0.867) reduced the risk. Conclusion Good performance of basic and living nursing, less invasive intervention, reasonable use of antibiotics, antipsychotic monitoring,and intensive sterilization may reduce the incidence of hospital infection in inpatients with Alzheimer's disease.

Objective To analyze the clinical effect of atorvastatin combined with conventional cardiovascu-lar drugs therapy in treatment of coronary heart disease.Methods 200 patients with coronary heart disease were col-lected.They were randomly divided into the observation group(n =100)and control group(n =100).The observation group was given atorvastatin combined with cardiovascular routine treatment for 1 year,the control group was given cardiovascular routine therapy for 1 year.The clinical effect and serum levels of TC,HDL -C,LDL -C were ana-lyzed.Results After treatment,the total effective rate of the observation group was 95%,which was significantly higher than 75% of the control group (χ2 =16.33,P =0.00 <0.05).According to the gender stratification,the effec-tive rates of the observation group were higher than the control group in men and women (men:96% vs 80%,χ2 =6.35,P =0.04 <0.05,women:94% vs 70%,χ2 =10.08,P =0.00 <0.05).Before treatment,there were no signifi-cant differences between the two group about the serum levels of TC,HDL -C,LDL -C[TC:(6.49 ±0.42)mmol/L vs (6.53 ±0.51)mmol/L,t =1.28,P =0.10 >0.05;HDL -C:(1.35 ±0.23)mmol/L vs (1.29 ±0.32)mmol/L, t =1.51,P =0.15 >0.05;LDL -C:(4.54 ±0.62)mmol/L vs (4.48 ±0.61)mmol/L,t =0.84,P =0.20 >0.05]. After treatment,the serum levels of TC,HDL -C,LDL -C of the observation group were significantly better than those of the control group[TC:(3.39 ±0.31)mmol/L vs (5.78 ±0.64)mmol/L,t =2.36,P =0.02 <0.05;HDL -C:(1.63 ±0.42)mmol/L vs (1.32 ±0.51)mmol/L,t =2.87,P =0.00 <0.05;LDL -C:(2.37 ±0.42)mmol/L vs (3.95 ±0.43)mmol/L,t =2.62,P =0.01 <0.05].Conclusion Atorvastatin can reduce blood fat,improve the prognosis of disease,it is superior to the traditional treatment.

Objective To characterize the ocular findings on MRI in patients with Vagt-Koyanagi-Harada syndrome (VKHS)and its value for diagnosis. Methods The MRI findings of eyes in 14 patients (7 males, 7 females, age ranged 10-62 years) with VKHS were retrospectively analyzed. Results Choriodai thickening was found bilaterally in all 14 patients with isointense signal on T2 and T1 weighted images. Exudative retinal detachment was found in 6 patients (12 eyes) and 5 cases (10 eyes) showed abnormal thickening and enhancement of iris. Two cases were accompanied with optic neuritis. Homogeneous enhancement of lesions after administration of gadopentetate was observed in 11 patients. Conclusion M RI can characterize the ocular lesions and their extent in patients with VKHS, which makes MRI as a useful method to diagnosis and the follow-up of these patients.

Objective To evaluate the feasibility and significance of CT image-based threedimensional (3D) brachytherapy for cervical cancer.Methods Three-dimensional (3D) plan and twodimensional (2D) plan were designed for 55 CT images of brachytherapy from 12 cervical cancer patients who received radical radiotherapy in 2013.Dosimetric comparison was performed between the 3D plan and 2D plan,and paired t-test,Wilcoxon signed rank test,Pearson correlation analysis,and Spearman correlation analysis were performed.Results A point dose,D90,V100,CI,and CI' in 3D plan were higher than those in 2D plan (P=0.015,0.016,0.000,0.000,0.000).Bladder point dose,rectal point dose,and rectal D2 cm3 in 3D plan were slightly higher than those in 2D plan,but hot spot dose was significantly reduced in 3D plan (P =0.140,0.123,0.214).Bladder D2cm3 was significantly higher than bladder point dose (P =0.000).Sigmoid colon D2cm3 was more correlated with the average doses of the three highest rectal points than rectal D2 cm3 (r =0.314,0.630,P =0.000,0.000).V100 showed a linear relationship with high-risk CTV (r =0.981,P =0.000).Bladder D2cm3 was higher than 430 cGy when the bladder volume was more than 80 cm3 ;small intestinal D2 cm3 did not change significantly when the bladder volume was less than 115 cm3,but decreased significantly once the volume exceeded the value.Conclusions Compared with the traditional 2D plan,the 3D plan for CT image-based cervical cancer brachytherapy significantly increases the target coverage and conformity index,but does not significantly increase the doses to organs at risk.Point dose evaluation is confirmed to be inaccurate.The doses to the bladder,rectum,and small intestine can be adjusted by controlling the bladder volume.

【Objective】To investigate the antianxietic action of Xiaoyao San(XS)and Dan Zhi Xiaoyao San(DZXS).【Methods】 Wistar rats were randomized into 5 groups: model control group,high-and low-dose DZXS groups(14.4?g/kg and 7.2?g/kg respectively),and high-and low-dose XS groups(21.06?g/kg and 10.53g/kg respectively).Social interaction test and open-field test were carried out to observe the antianxietic action of XS and DZXS.Except that the model group was given normal saline,the rats in other groups were given the corresponding drugs according to the experimental design for 14 successive days.After treatment,the activities within 5 min were monitored by two observers and then the mean value were calculated.【Results】High-and low-dose DZXS prolonged rats social interaction time and increased the times of body erection and dressing their hair,and low-dose XS also increased the times of body erection and dressing their hair(P

【Objective】To investigate the effects of Dan Zhi Xiaoyao San(DZXS) and its extracts on hypothalamic corticotropin releasing hormone(CRH) and plasma corticosterone(CORT) in rats with chronic psychological stress.【Methods】Wistar rats were randomized into 6 groups: A(normal control),B(model control),C (extract of DZXS extracted by water extraction and alcohol precipitation,3.608?g/kg),D(extract of DZXS extracted by petroleum ether,0.087?g/kg),E(extract of DZXS extracted by polysaccharide,2.20?g/kg) and F(DZXS 14.4?g/kg).Except group A,the rat models of chronic multi-phase psychological stress were established in other groups by improved Cart method.Groups A and B were given normal saline,and groups C,D and E were given the corresponding drugs according to the experimental design.Hypothalamic CRH and plasma CORT contents were examined to explore the therapeutic mechanism.【Results】Compared with group A,hypothalamic CRH and plasma CORT contents were increased in group B;hypothalamic CRH content was decreased in groups C,E and F(P

Objective To observe the content changes of corticosterone and gastrointestinal hormones in serum of chronic multi-stress rats and to investigate the effect of Xiaoyao Powder and Chaihu Shugan Powder.Methods Wistar rats were randomly allocated to four groups:normal group(group A),model group(group B),Xiaoyao Powder group(group C),Chaihu Shugan Powder group(group D)etc.Chronic multi-sress models were established in all the rats except those of normal group.Xiaoyao Powder group and Chaihu Shugan Powder group were respectively given the corresponding drugs for 21 days.Normal group and model group were administered the equal amount of normal saline by gavage.After the administration,the open-field test was used to observe the behavior changes of the rats,and the radioimmunoassay method was adopted to detect the serum corticosterone and gastrin contents and plasma motilin level.Results Compared with the normal group,the body weight of model group was decreased(P

Objective To investigate the imaging manifestations of metastasis in the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses. Methods Twelve lesions of 10 patients with pathologically proved metastasis were retrospectively reviewed, including 6 renal clear cell carcinoma, 2 pulmonary adenocarcinoma, 1 colorectal carcinoma and 1 hepatic carcinoma. All the patients underwent CT and MRI scan.Among them,9 patients had contrast enhanced MRI scan and 5 patients had dynamic contrast-enhenced MRI as well. The location, bone changes, shape,margin,density,signal intensity, and enhancement characteristics of the lesions were observed. Results The metastasis involved spheno-ethmoid area(n=3), ethmoid sinus (n=2), maxillary sinus (n=2), nasal cavity(n=2), fronto-ethmoid area(n=2) and sphenoid sinus (n=1). All 12 metastatic lesions demonstrated bone destruction with tumor bone formation in 1 lesion. The CT displayed 10 metastases showed equal density, one mixed density was high, another form of low-density mixed. MR imaging showed equal signal in 9 lesions, while low-mixed signal in 3 lesions on T1WI compared with grey matter were found. On T2WI, 11 lesions showed high mixed signal and homogeneous low signal in 1 lesion. All 12 lesions demonstrated markedly heterogenous enhancement after intravenous administration of contrast media. Of 5 cases with dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI scanning, 4 lesions demonstrated wash-out time-signal intensity curve (TIC) pattern and 1 lesion demonstrated plateau pattern. Conclusions Renal carcinoma is the most common primary tumor for nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses metastasis. A typical imaging finding is located in the ethmoid sinuses, the soft tissue mass surrounded with rich blood supply multiple sinuses and significant bone destruction.

ObjectiveTo investigate the MRI appearance of malignant melanoma in the sinonasal tract and nasopharynx.MethodsMRI Findings and clinical data from 8 patients with biopsy or operation proved malignant melanoma were retrospectively reviewed.Gadolinium-enhanced imaging and dynamic contrast enhancement scanning were performed in all cases.ResultsThe majority of lesions were located in the nasopharynx (n =2),middle turbinate (n =1 ),or a combination of the nasal cavity,ethmoidal sinus,and maxillary sinus ( n =5 ).The aggressive nature of the tumors was demonstrated by bone destruction ( n =5 ) and invasion of adjacent structures,involving anterior fossa (n =2 ),orbits (n =4 ),infratemporal fossa ( n =2 ),pterygopalatine fossa ( n =3 ),and parapharyngeal space ( n =1 ).The MRI appearance included two patterns.In the first pattern,the tumors were round and small (smaller than 2 cm in maximum dimension in three patients).MR signal intensity of the lesions was hyperintense to gray matter on T1 WI and hypointense on T2.In the second pattern,the lesions were irregular and large ( larger than 3 cm in maximum dimension in five patients).They showed heterogeneous low-signal on T1 WI.On T2WI,one lesion showed isointensity or little hypo-intensity,and four lesions showed hyperintense.They demonstrated mild heterogeneous enhancement on gadolinium-enhanced images.Four patients demonstrated as plateau type time-signal intensity curve (TIC) pattern,and another four patients demonstrated as wash-out type TIC pattern.ConclusionsThe MR signal characteristic of the malignant melanoma in the sinonasal tract and nasopharynx were related with the tumor size.When the lesion was small,the MR signal intensity was more typical.When the lesion was large,they had mixed signal intensity as other malignant tumors,and specific mild heterogeneous enhancement.

Objective:To assess the potential or limitation of MRI for demontrating the pathological cervicallymphnodes. Method :A prospective diagnostic study on cervical lymphnode metastasis from laryngeal carcinomawas performed for 19 cases undergone neck dissection (5 cases undergone bilateral neck dissection, 24 specimensof neck dissection were collected in total). With pathological findings as the criterion, sensitivity and specificityand accuracy were calculated for palpation and MRI examination of all patients. Result:MRI had obviously highersensitivity specificity and accuracy than palpation. Besides the changes in size and shape of the metastaticlymphnodes, the intensity of MRI inside the metastic lymphnodes was showed as mixed hypo-isointensity inT1WI and hyper intensity in T2WI. Conclusion:MRI examination was accurate in detecting cervical lymphnodemetastasis and could image occult lymphnodes which are inaccessible on palpation. Thus, MRI will probably playan important role in the evaluation of malignant lymphnode metastasis.