No abstract available.
Ethanol*

Although joint infection with severe destruction remains a serious problem and severe bone loss is relative contraindication of arthrodesis, knee arthrodesis is most commonly a salvage procedure. Its goals are to relieve pain and restore the patient to functional level of activity. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the results and complications of Ilizarov method for knee arthrodesis in the presence of infection. We retrospectively reviewed the records of twelve patients who had managed with knee arthrodesis with Ilizarov method. Indications for the operation included a infected skeletal defect secondary severe open trauma in four patients, an infection at the site of an arthroplasty in three (with failure of previous arthrodesis with monofixator in one), an infected charcot joint in four and one pyogenic arthritis spreading from osteomyelitis of proximal tibia. The average age of the patients at the time of operation was fifty-three years (range twenty-two to eighty years). Follow-up averaged 17 months. The minimum follow up periods was 9 months. Average duration of Ilizarov fixator application was 7.2 months. In 3 cases we performed corticotomy and internal bone transport to treat large bone defect (17cm, 8cm, 6.5cm). Autoiliac bone graft was done in fusion site in two cases, and in three cases we performed bone graft at the docking site. Solid osseous union occured in each patient. There was no reinfection and nonunion. Average shortening was 3.4 cm. Complications were related to pin tract. When last seen, all patients were free of pain and could walk without cruthes or cane. Despite its pin tract problems, bulky cumbersome and expensive apparatus, the Ilizarov method is one of effective method for knee arthrodesis in the presence of infection and large bone loss especially.
Arthritis ; Arthrodesis* ; Arthropathy, Neurogenic ; Arthroplasty ; Canes ; Follow-Up Studies ; Humans ; Ilizarov Technique* ; Joints ; Knee Joint* ; Knee* ; Osteomyelitis ; Retrospective Studies ; Tibia ; Transplants

No abstract available.
Tuberculosis, Pulmonary*

No abstract available.
Humans ; Korea* ; Multiple Birth Offspring*

Glutathione S-Transferase (GST) is a conjugation enzyme in the metabolism of exogenous and endogenous lipophilic compounds for their excretion and detoxification. Acidic isozyme of GST, GST-Pi, has been recognized as a preneoplastic marker in the experimental hyperplastic nodules of liver in rats, and GST-Pi is abundant in the squamous cells of the skin, also. This histochemical study was carried out to evaluate the distribution and the relationship between the differentiation status of squamous cells in dysplastic or neoplastic epithelium in various organs. The human placental form of glutathione S-transferase (GST-Pi) were stained immunohistochemically with specific anti GST-Pi rabbit antibody in 23 cases of human squamous cell carcinomas. The patients consisted of 14 cases from the uterine cervix, 3 cases from the esopahgus, 3 cases from the lung and 3 cases from the larynx. The results obtained were as follows; 1. Basal cells in normal mucosa were stained negative for GST-Pi while superficial keratinocytes were stained moderately positive. Basal dysplastic cells were stained negatively or weakly positive. Carcinoma cells especially large cells either keratinizing or nonkeratinizing were stained moderately to strongly. Carcinoma cells surrounding keratin pearl were strongly reacted with GST-Pi than other carcinoma cells. 2. Differentiated cells of squamous cell carcinoma showed moderate to strong positive reaction to GST-Pi staining irrespective of its site of origin. 3. Therefore, Immunohistochemical staining pattern of GST-Pi in various squamous carcinoma cells showed similar immunohistochemical reaction to the GST-pi, which is closely correlated to the degree of differentiation, keratinigation and also suggested that squamous carcinoma cells had abundant GST-Pi related detoxifying system.
Humans ; Rabbits ; Animals

Multiple small air bubbles were introduced into the gallbladder (GB) during the endoscopic retrogradecholangio-pancreatography(ERCP). Prolonged appearance of movable small round filling defects in the GB weredetected for more than 18 hours in the GB. The importance of delayed GB films after ERCP and the differentiationbetween the stones and air bubbles are discussed.
Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde ; Gallbladder

Embryos of most mammalian species grown in vitro would undergo developmental arrest at the approximate time of genomic activation. Stage-specific cell block and the resulting rapid loss of embryo viability in conventional culture media have limited the duration for which embryos may be cultured prior to transfer. As a result, embryos are usually transferred to the uterus at the 4-to 8-cell stage to avoid the loss of viability associated with long-term in vitro culture. Early transfer has led to asynchrony of the endometrium-trophectoderm interaction at the time of implantation and a resultant reduction in the rate of implantation. To overcome these problems, a variety of co-culture systems has been devised in which embryos can develop for a longer period prior to embryo transfer. Vero cells, derived from African green monkey kidney, share a common embryologic origin with cells from the genital tract. In addition, they are potentially safe to use, since they are highly controlled for viruses and other contaminants. Therefore, co-culture using Vero cells has been widely utilized to enhance embryo viability and development, although not without controversies. We thus designed a series of experiments to demonstrate whether Vero cells do indeed enhance mouse embryo development as well as to compare the efficacy of co-culturing mouse 1-cell embryos on Vero cell monolayer in both Ham's F-10 and human tubal fluid (HTF) culture media. 1-cell stage ICR mouse embryos were cultured either in the presence of Vero cells (Group A) or in conventional culture medium alone (Group B). In Ham's F-10 significantly more 3-to-8cell embryos developed in group A than group B (59.8 versus 10.0%; F<0.01). In contrast, there was no significant difference in embryonic development both group A and group B in HTF. However, significant differences were noted only in later embryonic stage (13 and 0%; p<0.05 of group A and B respectively, hatching or hatched). In Ham's F-10, we also could observe the beneficial effect of Vero cell on hatching process (70.7 and 42.1%; p<0.05 of group A and group B respectively).
Animals ; Cercopithecus aethiops ; Coculture Techniques* ; Culture Media ; Embryo Transfer ; Embryonic Development* ; Embryonic Structures* ; Female ; Humans ; Kidney ; Mice* ; Mice, Inbred ICR ; Pregnancy ; Uterus ; Vero Cells*

Cauda equina syndrome(CES) and disc rupture have been implicated as a potential complication of spinal manipulation. A review of the literature from 1911 to 1996 received 61 reported cases of cauda equina syndrome or disc rupture in patients undergoing manipulation. This article presents four new cases, where a temporal association was found between the onset of cauda equina symptoms or disc rupture and lumbar manipulation. The type of manipulation administered and the relationship between the treatment and symptoms is reviewed. Our patients symptoms suggest that acute herniation was caused, or at least precipitated by spinal manipulation. In each of these cases the chiropractitioner failed to comprehend the nature of the problem and take appropriate action. As a consequence, the patient went untreated for several days. Many chiropractic therapists assumed the incidence of CES caused by manipulation to be approximately one in many millions of treatments. However, we assumed that CES or disc rupture is far more common than the literature would reflect. It is therefore essential that persons practicing or prescribing manipulation would be aware of these complications.
Cauda Equina ; Chiropractic ; Humans ; Incidence ; Manipulation, Spinal ; Polyradiculopathy ; Rupture ; Spine*

BACKGROUND: As the mean life span is prolonged, the concern about health care in postmenopuasal women is now promoted. Expecially, osteoporosis is the serious health problem in postmenopausal women. Bone mineral density in postmenopause is controlled by that in premenopause. Therefore, we searched for the factors which contribute to bone mineral density in premenopause. METHODS: The study subjects who visited the Health Screening and Diagnosis Center in Yeungnam University Hospital from March 1998 to July 1999 was measured BMD at the lumbar spine using Dual Energy X ray Absorptiometry. Subjects were checked past medical history, life style(smoking, drinking, physical activity, exercise etc.), birth history, breast feeding, oral pill intake. The subjects who had disorders known to interfere with bone metabolism and premature menopausal and surgical menopausal women were excluded from the study. And we reviewed the results of the laboratory and radiologic findings which had done in Health Screening and Diagnosis Center. RESULTS: 352 women were included in this study. The number of normal BMD was 228 and the number of osteopenia was 124. Weight, height, BMI, exercise was significant positively correlated with bone mineral density(p<0.05). Previous operation history was significant negatively correlation with bone mineral density(p<0.05). Multiple logistic regression result showed that weight was the most significant factor affecting to BMD and the history of operation and exercise were significant factor affecting BMD(p<0.05). CONCLUSION: In postmenopausal women, who has low weight, past operation history and lack of exercise were need to evaluation of BMD and education for prevention of osteoporosis is needed.
Absorptiometry, Photon ; Bone Density ; Bone Diseases, Metabolic ; Breast Feeding ; Delivery of Health Care ; Diagnosis ; Drinking ; Education ; Female ; Humans ; Logistic Models ; Mass Screening ; Metabolism ; Motor Activity ; Osteoporosis ; Postmenopause ; Premenopause ; Reproductive History ; Spine

We experienced a case of clipping of an intracranial aneurysm of a 63 year old male with a subarachnoid hemorrhage under general anesthesia. Preoperative electrocardiography showed complete Left Bundle Block (LBBB) without subjective symptoms. Among the intraventricular blocks, bundle branch block is the most common type and in particular, complete LBBB may progress to the more serious condition of complete heart block. Consideration of anesthetic management in such patients requires a knowledge of normal cardiac physiology, neurophysiology, the circulatory effects of various anesthetic agents and the pathophysiology of these diseases, to prevent any hypertension in response to intubation and surgery. We report upon the anesthetic management of a patient for clipping of an intracranial aneurysm with complete LBBB, which was performed successfully without complication.
Anesthesia, General ; Anesthetics ; Bundle-Branch Block* ; Electrocardiography ; Heart Block ; Humans ; Hypertension ; Intracranial Aneurysm* ; Intubation ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neurophysiology ; Physiology ; Subarachnoid Hemorrhage