No abstract available.
Brain Injuries* ; Brain* ; Disability Evaluation* ; Humans ; Perfusion* ; Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime* ; Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon*

Supracondylar fracture of the humerus in children is the most common fracture of the elbow in contrast with infant or adult, and there are also many problem in treatment and accompanying complication. These injuries are difficult to manage in case of a delayed initial treatment or repeated close manipulation. We analysed 32 cases which failed and delayed initial management, at department of orthopedic surgery, Chung Nam University Hospital from Jan. 1977 to Dec. 1981. The results obtained were as follows: 1. The cases admitted after unsatisfactory treatment at other hospital among all cases are most common (59.4%). 2. The average duration after trauma are 5.3 days. The average duration until successful reduction after initial trauma are 7.3 days, 3. In types of fracture, there are all displaced supracondylar fracture (Type II, III, IV). 4. In treatments, initial sucessful close reduction are 5 cases (15.6%). The others require other managements, ie, final successful tractions are 5 cases, final sucessful percutaneous pinnings are 5 cases and final open reductions are 16 cases. 5. Cubitus varus deformity was more common in manual reduction and traction groups than in open reduction and percutaneous pinning groups, but limitation of elbow motion was more common in open reduction and percutaneous pinning groups. 6. In complications, there were 5 nerve palsies (4 radial nerves, 1 median nerve), 3 pin tract infections, 1 myositis ossificans, 9 severe cubitus varus and 5 severe limitation of motion.
Adult ; Child ; Clinical Study ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Elbow ; Humans ; Humerus ; Infant ; Myositis Ossificans ; Orthopedics ; Paralysis ; Radial Nerve ; Traction

Fournier's gangrene is an infective necrotizing fasciitis of the perineal, genital or perianal regions. Management of this disease has involved prompt surgical debridement with initiation of broad spectrum antibiotics and intensive supportive care. Multiple debridements orchiectomy, urinary deversion, and fecal diversion should be performed as clinically indicated. Hyperbaric oxygen therapy and topical application of unprocessed honey may prove to be useful adjuncts as new therapies. After excision of all necrotic tissue, the tissue losses have been managed by primary repair. split-thickness skin grafts, rotational or free myocutaneous flaps and omental flaps. Skin graft did not take on bare testis lacking the tunica vaginalis, and gracilis myocutanous flap was too bulky to cover the scrotal area. The progress of necrosis ceased by using intravenous PGE1 injection in the aspect of characteristic obliterative endarteritis causing cutaneous and subcutaneous vascular thrombosis and necrosis of tissue in Fournier's gangrene. We have reconstructed large scrotal defects with bilateral superomedial thigh flap in three Fournier's gangrene patients after stopping tissue necrosis with PEG1 treatment and several surgical debridements of the wounds. The use of this flap ensures a virtually normal sensation, which is important for the erotic propensity of the scrotum. Easy flap design and dissection, as well as primary closure of the donor site, are another benefits of this method.
Alprostadil* ; Anti-Bacterial Agents ; Debridement ; Endarteritis ; Fasciitis, Necrotizing ; Fournier Gangrene* ; Honey ; Humans ; Hyperbaric Oxygenation ; Myocutaneous Flap ; Necrosis ; Orchiectomy ; Scrotum ; Sensation ; Skin ; Testis ; Thigh* ; Thrombosis ; Tissue Donors ; Transplants ; Wounds and Injuries

No abstract available.
Epidermal Cyst*

No abstract available.
Trichothiodystrophy Syndromes*

This retrospective study evaluated possible rupture of silicone gel breast implants in 92 patients. the series included patients undergone augmentation mammoplasty(n=59), and reconstructive mammoplasty(n=23) from Sep. 1993 to Aug. 1996. the age of implants ranged from 4 months to 8 years(mean:23.1months). of these, 19 cases displayed Ultrasonographic sings of rupture. of 13 implants removed, 7 were intact and 6 were ruptured. Implant contour deformities and radial folds are often seen in both ruptured and intact silicone implants and therefore cannot serve as reliable signs of rupture. A stepladder sign in intact implant is believed to be the result of reverberation artifacts within the interior of the implant. Due to these false-positive ultrasonographic findings, ultrasonographiy is not as absolutely reliable tool for the diagnosis of implant rupture. Alternative imaging methods(CT, MRI) are required to establish an accurate preoperative diagnosis.
Artifacts ; Breast Implants* ; Breast* ; Congenital Abnormalities ; Diagnosis ; Humans ; Retrospective Studies ; Rupture* ; Silicone Gels*

BACKGROUND: The concept of myocardial injury after coronary occlusion is changing in recent years. Brief episode of ischemial induces reversible myocardial injury and repeated brief ischemic insults might cause myocardial necrosis due to cummulative damages. Recent observations showed that brief episodes of ischemia have protective effects on the myocardium increasing the myocardial tolerance to a subsequent sustained ischemic insult. This phenomenon is termed ischemic preconditioning and can be noticed after a variety of protocols in multiple species of experimental animals. This study was planned to 1) measure the changes of hemodynamic parameters and the ischemic damage of insulted myocardium during ischemic preconditioning, and 2) compare the infarct sizes with or without preconditioning. METHODS: Using canine model of a single 90 minutes' occlusion of left anterior descending coronary artery and 240 minutes' reperfusion, 14 mongrel dogs were randomized to with(n=7) or without(n=7) ischemic preconditioning such as four 5 minutes' occlusion and 5 minutes' reperfusion, Changes of hemodynamic parameters and extents of the ischemic myocardial damages during preconditioning were observed. And using in vitro myocardial staining with monastral blue and triphenyl tetrazolium chloride, we compared the infarct sizes and risk areas in two groups of occlusion and reperfusion canine model with and without preconditioning. RESULTS: 1) Heart rate was significantly decreased after first 5 minutes' occlusion compared with those of basal control(151+/-27 VS 163+/-25 BPM, p<0.05) without further changes in subsequent ischemic insults. Left ventricular systolic pressure was significantly decreased after first 5 minutes' occlusion(109.0+/-19.9 VS 130.6+/-23.3mmHg, p<0.005), and after first 5 minutes' reperfusion and second 5 minutes' occlusion compared with those of basal control(111.3+/-29.8, 109.9+/-17.2 VS 130.6+/-23.3mmHg respectively, p<0.05), without further changes during remaining ischemia. Left ventricular end diastolic pressure and maximum +dp/dt were not changed. Peak -dp/dt was decreased significantly after first and second 5 min occlusion(943.7+/-294.4, and 962.1+/-281.5) from basal control level(1168.2+/-358.8mmHg, p<0.05). Thereafter no change was noted during remaining preconditioning. The changes in rate-pressure product were same as those of left ventricular systolic pressure(first 5 minutes occlusion ; 17.3+/-3.7 VS 21.2+/-3.5, p<0.005, second 5 minutes' occlusion ; 17.9+/-5.3, 18.1+/-3.4 VS 21.2+/-3.5, p<0.05). 2)Transmyocardial lactate extraction ratio was significantly decreased in early phase of ischemic preconditioning(17.5+/-11.3 VS 25.2+/-9.9%, p<0.05). 3) Hemodynamic parameters such as heart rate, left ventricular systolic pressure, left ventricular end-diastolic pressure, maximum +dp/dt, peak -dp/dt and rate-pressure product were changed similarly in both control and precontioned groups. 4) There was no significant difference of mean myocardial blood flows in infarct zones, which represent collateral blood flow, after 5 minutes' brief occlusion and 60 minutes of sustained occlusion in preconditioned group. 5) The infarct area/risk area ratio was significantly reduced in preconditioned group(27.0+/-9.6 VS 5.6+/-3.1%, p<0.005), but the risk area/left ventricular area ratio showed no difference in the two groups. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that, in the early phase of brief repeated occlusion and reperfusion, myocardial ischemic damage accompaning systolic and diastolic myocardial dysfuctions develops and myocardial protective effect of ischemic preconditioning was obtained at the same time. Ischemic preconditioning group demonstrated reduced infarct sizes compared to those of control group after 90 minutes' sustained ischemia and reperfusion in canine acute myocardial infarction model.
Animals ; Blood Pressure ; Coronary Occlusion ; Coronary Vessels* ; Dogs ; Heart Rate ; Hemodynamics ; Ischemia ; Ischemic Preconditioning* ; Lactic Acid ; Myocardial Infarction ; Myocardial Reperfusion ; Myocardium ; Necrosis ; Reperfusion

OBJECTIVE: This study was to investigate the clinical efficiency of clomiphene citrate/GnRH antagonist protocol comparing with the clomiphene citrate only protocol in infertile women with normal ovulatory cycles. METHOD: Among 116 patients, 43 were received assisted reproductive technologies using natural ovulatory cycle, 38 and 35 were received clomiphene citrate only protocol and clomiphene citrate/GnRH antagonist combined protocol, respectively, and the clinical results were compared and analyzed. RESULTS: In each group, basal levels of LH, FSH, E2 and FSH, E2 on hCG day injected were not different, but LH level and endometrial thickness on hCG injected day were decreased significantly and the pregnancy rate was increased significantly in clomiphene citrate/GnRH antagonist group. CONCLUSION: The pregnancy rate was increased significantly in clomiphene citrate/GnRH antagonist group compared with natural ovulatory cycle and clomiphene citrate only group.
Clomiphene* ; Female ; Humans ; Pregnancy Rate ; Reproductive Techniques, Assisted

Statement of problem: A conventional 3-unit fixed partial denture design with a pontic between two retainers is the most commonly used. However, in cases where the mental nerve is in close proximity to the second premolar, a cantilever design can be considered. As such, logical and scientific evidence is lacking for the number and position of implants to be placed for partially edentulous patients, and no clear-cut set of treatment principles currently exist. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate prognosis of implant-supported fixed partial dentures, and to compare changes in bone level which may rise due to the different factors. Material and method: The present study examined radiographical marginal bone loss in patients treated with implant-supported fixed partial dentures(87 prostheses supported by 227 implants) and evaluated the influence of the span of the pontic, type of the opposing dentition. Clinical complications were studied using a retrospective method. Within the limitation of this study, the following result were drawn. Result: 1. Seven of a total of 227 implants restored with fixed prostheses failed, resulting in a 96.9% success rate. 2. Complications encountered during recall appointments included dissolution of temporary luting agent (17 cases), porcelain fracture (8 cases), loosened screws (5 cases), gingival recession (4 cases), and gingival enlargement (1 case). 3. Marginal bone loss, 1 year after prosthesis placement, was significant(P<0.05) in the group that underwent bone grafting, however no difference in annual resorption rate was observed afterwards. 4. Marginal bone loss, 1 year post-placement, was greater in cantilever-type prostheses than in centric pontic protheses(P<0.05). 5. Marginal bone loss was more pronounced in posterior regions compared to anterior regions(P<0.05). 6. The degree of marginal bone loss was proportional to the length of the pontic(P<0.05). Conclusion: The success rate of implant-supported fixed partial dentures, including marginal bone loss, was satisfactory in the present study. Factors influencing marginal bone loss included whether bone graft was performed, location of the pontic(s), location of the surgical area in the arch, pontic span. Long-term evaluation is necessary for implant-supported fixed partial dentures, as are further studies on the relationship between functional load and the number of implants to be placed.
Appointments and Schedules ; Bicuspid ; Bone Transplantation ; Dental Cements ; Dental Porcelain ; Dentition ; Denture, Partial, Fixed ; Gingival Recession ; Humans ; Logic ; Prognosis ; Prostheses and Implants* ; Retrospective Studies ; Transplants

STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Glass fiber post is one of recent developments to accommodate esthetic restoration for endodontically treated teeth. This has many advantages over conventional post system in physical properties, esthetic factor, risk of root and restoration fracture, adhesion to core, radiopacity, removal and retrievabilty, biocompatibility and chemical stability. PURPOSE: This in vitro study was to evaluate the most suitable type of resin core for the glass fiber post through surveying the fracture modes and the maximum load that fractures the tooth. MATERIAL AND METHODS: 50 sound maxillary premolars restored with glass fiber posts(ParaPost(R) Fiber White) and different types of resin cores(ParaCore, Z100(TM), Rebilda(R) and Admira(R)) were prepared and loaded to faiure in a universal test machine. The maximum fracture load and fracture mode were investigated in the specimens that were restored with resin and those of metal cast and core. With the data, Wilcoxon rank sum test was used to validate the significance between the test groups, and Tukey's studentized range test was used to check if there is any significant statistical difference between each test group. Every analysis was approved with 95% reliance. RESULTS: On measuring the maximum fracture load of teeth specimens, there was a significant difference between the maximum fracture loads of the tooth specimens. ParaCore showed the highest mean maximum fracture load followed by Z100(TM). And, the distribution of fracture mode of tooth specimens showed generally Type D, the three parted fracture of the core around the post was mostly seen(62.5%), and specifically, ParaCore showed 90% and Z100(TM) showed 100% Type D fracture. CONCLUSION. Referring to the values of maximum fracture load and mean compressive fracture load, ParaCore and Z100(TM) had high values and are recommended as tooth colored resin core material for glass fiber post. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS: This study was carried out intending to be of aid in selecting the appropriate resin core for the glass fiber post. The dual cure type composite resin ParaCore and light cure type composite resin Z100(TM) have good properties and are recommended as tooth colored resin core material for glass fiber post.
Bicuspid ; Glass* ; Humans ; Risk Factors ; Tooth