Purpose:To investigate the main prognostic factors of patients with renal cell carcinoma.Methods:104 cases of patients with postoperative renal cell carcinoma were analyzed by Cox regression models.Results:Four factors showed significant relation to prognosis: clinical stage, radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma, hematuria, embolization of renal artery. A predicting equation was established, and the predicting values were calculated according to the individual features of patients. The predicting and actual values were compared, and the sensitivity, specificity and overall concordance were 73.3%, 83.3%, and 80.4% respectively.Conclusions:Radical nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma and embolization of renal artery were protective factors of renal cell carcinoma and the clinical stage and hematuria were risky factors.