Objective To establish a regenerative system in vitro and determine the endogenous hormones of Zanthoxylum dissitum. Methods Lamina of Z. dissitum was used as the explant. Callus adventitious bud differentiation was carried out by culturing on MS with different hormones. At the same time,in the course of callus induction,four endogenous hormone of GA3,IAA,ABA,and ZR were determined by ELISA. Results The optimum medium for adventitious bud regeneration of Z. dissitum was MS+6-BA 0.5 mg/L+NAA 0.1 mg/L,and the highest induction rate could reach to 61%. During the process of the differentiation of explants callus,the contents of ZR and IAA were correspondingly higher than other endogenous hormones,the content of ABA was always kept in low level during this process,the content of GA3 was kept in the trend of upgrading during the earlier differentiation period. Conclusion It could be considered that ZR and IAA should be the critical factors in the bud induction. According to the results,a proper adding of GA3in the culture medium could improve the differentiation rate of the adventitious bud. On the other side,ABA might be the negative regulation factor.

Objective To study the application effect of ENCOR vacuum-assisted breast minimally invasive polypectomy system in the diagnosis and treatment of breast tumors. Methods Totally 86 breast cancer patients treated in the General Hospital of Yangmei Group from January 2017 to October 2017 were randomly divided into study group and control group,with 43 cases in each group. The study group was treated with ENCOR vacuum-assisted minimally invasive rotational atherectomy system,while the control group was treated by traditional breast excision. The operative conditions, postoperative complications and postoperative recurrence were observed and compared between the two groups. Results The intraoperative bleeding volume,operation time,scar length and postoperative recovery time in the study group were (5.1 ±1.2)mL,(15.9 ±3.5)min,(0.3 ±0.1)cm,(2.7 ±0.4)d,respectively, which in the control group were (12.7 ±2.3)mL,(26.8 ±4.6)min,(3.2 ±1.1)cm and (5.1 ±0.8)d,respectively, the differences between the two groups were statistically significant ( t=15. 579,14. 297,14. 108,13. 597,all P<0. 05). The total incidence rate of postoperative complications in the study group was 11. 63％,which was significantly lower than 30. 23％ in the control group (χ2 =5. 187,P<0. 05). During the follow-up of 12 months,in the study group,2 patients (4. 65％) had residual tumor,1 patient (2. 33％) developed recurrence; in the control group, 3 patients (6. 98％) had residual tumor,2 patients (4. 65％) developed recurrence. There was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (χ2 =1. 013,P >0. 05). Conclusion ENCOR vacuum - assisted breast minimally invasive revolving system in the treatment of breast tiny tumors has advantages of less trauma and pain,rapid recovery,etc,it is safe and effective.

Objective To observe the effect of scalp acupuncture on cognitive and motor functions of stroke patients in recovery stage.Methods80 stroke patients with cognitive disorder were randomly divided into the scalp acupuncture group (n=41) and control group (n=39). All patients of two groups were treated with routine therapy and rehabilitation training, but the cases of the scalp acupuncture group were added with scalp acupuncture. The cognitive function, motor function and activities of daily living (ADL) of all patients were assessed by delitescence and amplitude of event-related potential (ERP) P300, Fugl-Meyer Assessment (FMA), Barthel Index (BI) respectively before and 3 months after treatment.ResultsAfter treatment, P300 delitescence of the patients in the scalp acupuncture group shorten to 38 ms in average while in the control group shorten only to 17 ms, the therapeutic effect of the scalp acupuncture group was superior to that of the control group ( P<0.05). The scores of FMA and BI of the patients in the scalp acupuncture group were also better than those in the control group ( P<0.05).ConclusionScalp acupuncture can efficiently improve the cognitive function of stroke patients in the recovery stage, and promote the recovery of motor function and ADL.

Objective To investigate the prevalence and characteristics of non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTIs)resistance-related gene mutations among the AIDS patients with virological suppression failure in Guangdong Province 2015.Methods Plasma samples from AIDS patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy for more than one year with viral loads > 1000 copies/mL from Guangdong province (except Shenzhen)were collected from January to December 2015.Total 612 HIV-1 gene fragments were amplified from plasma samples using self-developed lab method.Sub-genotypes were determined by phylogenetic tree according to the sequences,NNRTIs resistance-related mutations were determined in Stanford University HIV-1 Drug Resistance Database. The NNRTIs-resistance, the relationships of NNRTIs resistance-related mutations with baseline CD4 +T lymphocyte counts,transmission routes,antiviral regimens and HIV-1 genotypes were analyzed.SPSS 17.0 software was used to analyze the data.Results In 612 patients with virological suppression failure,the main NNRTIs resistance-related mutations were K103 (26.80%),Y181 (14.71 %),V179 (13.73%),G190 (11 .44%) and V106 (10.62%).The susceptibility rate of 310 patients (50.65%)to NNRTIs had changed,the highly resistant rate to nevirapine was 49.51 %,which was higher than that of efavirenz (43.14%),etravirine (5.56%) and rilpivirine (12.25%),respectively,and the differences were statistically significant (χ2 =5.00,296.3 and 198.0,all P <0.05).The incidence rate of drug resistance in patients with baseline CD4 +T lymphocyte counts >200 cells/μL was lower than that in those with baseline CD4 +T lymphocyte counts <200 cells/μL (χ2 =17.93,P <0.01 );the incidence rate of drug resistance was lower in intravenous drug abusers than that of sexually transmitted patients (χ2 =44.21 ,P <0.01 );while the incidence of drug resistance in patients receiving NVP-containing regimens was higher than that in those receiving EFV-containing regimens (χ2 =8.93,P <0.01 ),and the incidence rate was higher in patients with CRF01 _AE than that in those with CRF07_BC and CRF08 _BC (χ2 =8.46 and 8.47,P <0.01 ).Conclusions The results suggest that compliance education and follow-up should be strengthened in patients with high baseline CD4 +T lymphocyte counts and intravenous drug users,and patients with liver diseases should avoid using drugs containing NVP regimens.

Objective To understand the characteristics and rules of behavior and preliminary study on the change of psychological state and behavior of infant rhesus monkeys after weaning by artificial feed .Methods 290 infant rhesus monkeys were born in 2012, individual behavior of infant rhesus monkeys were observed and recorded by the methods of ad libitum sampling and chronography .Results The behavior of huddling , sucking finger and sucking body of companion were observed in the first month , the behavior of huddling and sucking finger were significantly increased in the second and third month(P <0.05), sucking body of companion in second month were significantly higher than the first month (P <0.05);the new behavior pacing , sucking genitalia and mounting were observed in the second month , pacing and sucking were significantly increased in the third month ( P <0.05 ) , mounting did not have obvious change; in the third month , sucking toe behavior ware recorded and did not change with time; The proportion of huddling behavior occurred between female and female was significantly higher than opposite sex or male in the same cage .The male infant monkeys were more likely to occurred pacing behavior than female .Sucking body of companion and sucking finger behavior of male were significantly lower than the female infant monkeys ( P <0.05 ) .There was no significant difference of sucking toe behavior .Conclusions 7 behaviors were recorded during the whole stage of observation , huddling behavior , pacing behavior , sucking toe behavior , sucking finger behavior , sucking genitalia behavior , sucking body of companion behavior and mounting behavior respectively , and 7 behaviors were increased by degrees with time .Huddling behavior to reflect fear psychology;sucking behavior to represent physiological demand and defensive psychology ;pacing was insignificant behavior in the initial stage , then to reflect psychological anxiety of rhesus monkeys .Provided a way and model on assessment of psychology, praxiology, to study and research the change of psychological state and behavior of early weaning infants .

Objective: To determine the relationship between dengue virus load and clinical characteristics, so as to provide basis for dengue fever prevention and treatment. Methods : The dengue viral load and typing of 120 patients in Gongshu District of Hangzhou from June to November 2017 were detected by real-time fluorescent quantitative RT-PCR;the clinical indicators of these dengue patients were collected and their correlation with the viral load was analyzed. Results: The DNA detection of dengue virus in 120 patients showed that they were all typeⅡ. The median dengue virus load was 3.91×104 copies/mL. All the patients had fever, the average peak temperature was（38.96 ± 0.69）℃. There were 102（85.00%）cases with asthenia;116（96.67%）cases with white blood cell count（WBC）less than 4× 109/L;119（99.17%）cases with platelet count（PLT）less than 100×109/L;114（95.00%）cases with glutamic oxaloacetate transaminase（GOT）more than 40 U/L;81（67.50%）cases with glutamic pyruvate transaminase（GPT）more than 52 U/L;58（48.33%）cases with creatine kinase（CK）more than 210 U/L. There was no significant correlation of dengue virus load with length of hospitalization, peak temperature,duration of fever, WBC,PLT, GOT, GPT and CK（P>0.05）. There were 75（62.50%）severe patients, and their median viral load was 9.29×104copies/mL, which was higher than 5.33×103copies/mL in non-severe patients（P<0.05）. Conclusion The dengue virus load is not related with length of hospitalization,peak temperature,WBC,PLT,GOT,GPT and CK,but with the severity of the disease.

Objective To investigate the mechanism of improvement of gait behavior in PD rat models by low frequency electrical stimulation of pedunculopontine tegmental nucleus (PPTN) by optogenetics method. Methods (1) Twenty-four healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group 1, a lesion group 1 and a photoactivation group (n=8); normal saline was injected into the right medial frontal tract (MFB) of the sham-operated group 1; 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) was injected into the lesion group 1 and photoactivation group to induce PD models; two weeks after modeling, injection of adeno-associated virus hsynapsin-ChR2-mcherry into the right PPTN of the three groups was performed, and the photoactivation group received blue-ray stimulation by implanting optical fibers into the PPTN at the same time. (2) Twenty-four healthy adult male SD rats were randomly divided into a sham-operated group 2, a lesion group 2 and a photoinhibition group (n=8);normal saline was injected into right MFB of the sham-operated group 2; 6-OHDA was injected into the lesion group 2 and photoinhibition group to induce PD models; two weeks after modeling, injection of adeno-associated virus hsynapsin-NpHR-mcherry into the right PPTN of the three groups was performed, and the photoinhibition group received yellow-ray stimulation by implanting optical fibers into the PPTN at the same time. (3) Three weeks after injection of adeno-associated virus, Catwalk gait analysis was used to assess the behavioral ability of rats in each group. Results (1) As compared with the sham-operated group 1, lesion group 1 had significantly increased front claw spacing and back front claw spacing, and significantly decreased stride length and pressure of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs, and significantly decreased swing speed of contralateral limb (P<0.05); as compared with those in the lesion group 1, the front claw spacing and back claw spacing were significantly shortened, and stride length and pressure of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs were statistically increased in the photoactivation group (P<0.05). (2) As compared with the sham-operated group 2, lesion group 2 had significantly increased front claw spacing and back front claw spacing, significantly decreased stride length of damaged lateral limb, and significantly decreased pressure and swing speed of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs (P<0.05); no significant differences were noted on the front claw spacing and back front claw spacing, pressure and swing speed of damaged lateral and contralateral limbs between lesion group 2 and photoinhibition group (P>0.05). Conclusion The mechanism of low frequency electrical stimulation of PPTN improving gait behavior of PD rat models is related to activation of PPTN neurons.

Objective To investigate the genetic variations of gag-pol gene in human immunodeficiency virus-1(HIV-1) CRF07_BC strain in Guangdong Province.Methods From February to September in 2015,plasma samples of 78 cases with HIV 1 CRF07_BC infection in Guangdong were collected before antiretroviral treatment.Viral RNA was extracted from plasma.Gene (gag and pol) sequences were amplified by reverse transcriptase and nested-PCR using specific primers.Phylogenetic tree,genic dispersion rate,nucleotide polymorphism,selection pressure and variation characteristics were analyzed.Results The main transmission route of the enrolled patients was homosexual transmission (80.77％,63/78).The gag pol gene phylogenetic tree was divided into two sub-clusters.The strains from different transmission routes were not in cluster.The average genetic dispersion rate and average entropy of gag gene were both higher than those of pol gene.The average genetic dispersion and average entropy of p17 and p6 regions of gag gene were both higher than those of p24.The average genetic dispersion and average entropy of pol gene were higher than those of rt region.The average ds/dn values of gag and pol genes were greater than one.Compared with the common HIV-related antigenic epitopes (A2,A11,B39,B60,Cw1,Cw3,Cw8),the cytotoxic lymphocyte (CTL) epitope mutations in the P17 region were more in the consensus of GAG region than those in the P24 region.The epitope conserved rates were 26.92％,0,1.28％,0,96.15％,82.05％,84.62％ and 98.72％,respectively.The drug resistance rate of pol gene was 2.56％ (2/78).Conclusions The gag and pol genes of CRF07_BC strain in Guangdong are all mutated.Diversity of gag gene is greater than that of pol gene,and gag gene variation is mainly in p17 and p6 regions.gag and pol genes are both affected by negative selection pressure.P17 protein CTL epitope variability is greater than P24 protein epitope.The prevalence of drug resistance mutation is lower than the threshold.It's important to monitor the spread of drug-resistant strains.

Objective To explore the mechanism of microRNA (miRNA, miR)-155 in the rejection after liver transplantation in rats. Methods The rats were divided into two groups. In the xenograft model group (rejection group, n=10),the donors were male Lewis rats and the recipients were male BN rats.In the allograft model group(control group, n=10),both the donors and recipients were male Lewis rats.The rat models with orthotopic liver transplantation were established by two-cuff technique in two groups. At postoperative 7 d, the animals were sacrificed for the collection of blood and liver tissue samples. The serum levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), total bilirubin (TB), and cytokines of interleukin (IL)-2, IL-4, interferon (IFN)-γ were quantitatively measured. The pathological changes of liver tissues were observed under light microscope. In each group, three liver tissue samples were prepared and subject to high-throughput sequencing. The miRNAs related to rejection were identified for bioinformatics analysis to predict and analyze relevant signaling pathways and genes. Results In the rejection group, the serum levels of ALT and TB were significantly higher than those in the control group (both P<0.01). Compared with the control group, the levels of IL-2 and IFN-γ were considerably up-regulated (both P<0.01), whereas the level of IL-4 was dramatically down-regulated (P<0.01). Pathological examination demonstrated that more evident rejections were observed in the rejection group than the control group. High-throughput sequencing revealed that the expression level of miR-155 was significantly up-regulated in the rejection group, which was 5.89 times of that in the control group. Bioinformatics analysis demonstrated that up-regulation of miR-155 was associated with the mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR), mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and T cell receptor signaling pathways. The genes which were probably responsible for regulation included the yeast autophagy related gene 1(ATG1) and its homologous gene ULK2, insulin-like growth factor-1 (Igf-1) and G protein-coupled receptor regulatory gene(Arrb1),etc.Conclusions miR-155 might promote the incidence and progression of rejection after liver transplantation in rats. The involved signaling pathways probably include the mTOR, MAPK signaling pathway and T cell receptor signaling pathway.ATG1,ULK2,Igf-1,and Arrb1 genes may participate in this process.

Objective To investigate the BRAF-V600E mutation in pediatric patients with Langerhans cell histiocytosis and its clinical features. Methods A retrospective study was conducted among 27 children who were diagnosed in our hospital between August 2009 and June 2015 ,including 17 males and 10 females. BRAF-V600E was amplified from tissue samples of the 27 children with LCH by PCR and the relationship was analysed between the mutation and clinical features ,outcome. Results BRAF-V600E mutation was found in 9 cases within all 27 tested cases(33.3%). Significant difference was not found in age ,gender ,system involvement ,6-week reaction ,3-year overall survival and event-free survival between BRAF-V600E positive and negative groups. Conclusions BRAF-V600E mutation was found in Chinese pediatric LCH patients with positive rate of 33.3%, that indicates LCH might be a neoplastic disease. However ,its definite role on disease onset ,system involvement and disease progression remains unknown.