Objective:To compare the difference between the measurement methods of wire and divider applied in the measurement of arch length at orthodontic dental model analysis.Methods:80 pairs of dental models were selected,including 40 normal occlusion models and 40 crowded models.The arch length of every model was measured by the wire and divider methods respectively,and the casual error and paired t test was subsequently employed to compare the difference between the measurements data.Results:The variance coefficients of the dental lengths measured by the divider method was larger than those measured by the wire method in both crowding and normal occlusion(P

AIM: Anterior cervical discectomy and Cage bone graft fusion followed by steel plate internal fixation can decompress the vertebral canal and then spinal cord in patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy. Complete decompression is very important for such patients. This study is to investigate the effect of this technique on reconstruction of spinal function.METHODS:①Thirty-eight inpatients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy admitted to Department of Spine Surgery, Tianjin Hospital between April 2003 and February 2006 were involved in this study. The involved patients, 35 male and 3 female, were aged 43-72 years, with disease course of 0.5 to 5 years. Informed consents of therapeutic regimen were obtained from all the patients.②All the patients underwent anterior cervical discectomy and cage placement operation. The patients with destabilized combination underwent titanium-plate fixation, and those with stabilized combination underwent cage implantation alone. The cage used in the experiment was made of tetragonal polyether ether ketone (Intromed Company), and titatium-plate was Zephir plate (sofarmor Danek Company). The elastic modulus of tetragonal polyether ether ketone Cage was similar to bone tissue and could allow X-ray pass through, which was easy for postoperative fusion of implanted bone. The outer design of Cage bone graft with certain angle could allow cervical physiological antecurvature well recover; Surface radian was the same as end plate, and good fitness contributed to the good fusion rate of bone graft; The sawtooth antiskid design on the surface provided good stability immediately after implantation; Elastic modulus was between os integumentale and cancellous bone that made stress-shielding and subsidence of fusion cage reduced, and had good anticausticity and biocompatibility. ③ The clinical results were evaluated with Japanese Orthopaedic. Association (JOA) scoring system before, 2,8 and 24 weeks after operation: upper limb motor function (4 points), lower limb motor function (4 points), sensation (6 points) and bladder function (3 points). Higher scores indicated better function. Postoperatively, body examination and X-ray and MRI scanning of anteroposterior cervical vertebra were performed.RESULTS: Thirty-eight patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy participated in the final analysis. Within postoperative several days, nervous symptoms improved obviously, muscle strength of lower limb was increased, limbs were more flexible after operation than before operation, and paresthesia of two upper limbs recovered in 38 patients. JOA was a score of (9.25±1.85) before operation, and it was (12.4±2.08) at postoperative 2 weeks, (13.2±2.07) at postoperative 8 weeks and (13.8±1.67) at postoperative 24 weeks.CONCLUSION: Multilevel discectomy and Cage implantation obviously improve sensorimotor function and lessen symptoms of patients with multilevel cervical spondylotic myelopathy.

Lenalidomide is an oral immunomodulator with multiple functions including immune regulation, anti-tumor, and regulation of tumor microenvironment. Since the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved lenalidomide for the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma, recent studies have indicated that lenalidomide monotherapy or lenalidomide combinations in other types of lymphoma also has broad prospects. The treatment progress of lenalidomide in lymphoma will be summarized in this paper based on the new reports in the 57th American Society of Hematology (ASH) annual meeting.

To investigate the inhibitory effects of siRNA expression vector on proto-oncogene Pokemon expression in SW480 cells and to provide experimental basis for further research about the biological function of Pokemon.siRNA expression vectors were constructed to express a short hairpin RNA against Pokemon.The recombinants were transfected into SW480 cells with liposome.Cellular morphology and transfection efficiency were observed.The expression of Pokemon were checked by real-time fluorescence quantitative PCR and Western blot.MTT assay was used to detect the effect of siRNA on the growth of SW480 cells and Fluorescence Activated Cell Sorter was applied to study cell apoptosis of SW480 cells.The transfection efficiency was about 36% and the cellular morphology changed greatly at 48h after transfection.siRNA expression vectors could specifically reduce the expression of Pokemon mRNA and protein in SW480 cells.Compared with negative control,the inhibition ratio of Pokemon mRNA expression was 34.2% and 67.7%,in 24th hour and 48th hour,the inhibition ratio of Pokemon protein was 48.3% and 73.6%,in 48th and 72th hour,respectively.Transfection with Pokemon siRNA expression vectors could inhibit cell growth and induce cell apoptosis of SW480 cells.siRNA expression vectors were successfully established that could effectively inhibit the expression of Pokemon in SW480 cells.Pokemon gene silencing could decrease growth and increase apoptosis of SW480 cells.

Objective To explore the risk factors of newly emerging advanced schistosomiasis patients in endemic areas.Methods The study areas were selected in two counties of Dongting Lake regions and a 1 :2 match case-control study was designed.Sixty schistosomiasis patients,who newly evolved into advanced schistosomiasis from 2006 to 2007,were selected into the case group,and 120 cases with chronic schistosomiasis into the control group.Questionnaires including potential risk factors of advanced schistosomiasis were designed and the information was collected based on face to face interviews.SPSS 12.0 was used to analyze the simple factors and multi ones (logistic regression) attributable to the development of advanced schistosomiasis.Results The history of hepatitis B (OR = 10.729),models of water contact (OR = 3.919) ,yearly exposure days to the infested water (OR = 5.457) and times of chemotherapy in the nearly 10 years(OR = 1.578) were the risk factors of development of advanced schistosomiasis.The times of examinations with positive schistosome eggs were protective factors.No association was found between yearly income,education degree,times of checking for schistosomiasis,times of examination with sera positive results and the emergence of advanced schistosomiasis.Conclusion The high frequency of exposure to the infested water,repeated infections,incomplete diagnosis and treatment are the risk factors of advanced schistosomiasis.The concurrent infection with hepatitis B is associated with the acceleration of development of advanced schistosomiasis.

Objective To explore distribution and genetypes of plasmid-mediated quionlone resistance genes qnrA.qnrB and qnrS in Enterobacteriaceae isolates iu Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University.Methods The qnrA,qnrB and qnrS genes in Enterobaeteriaceae isolates including nonrepetitive 129 isolates of E.coli.13 isolates of E.cloacae and 37 isolates of k pneunoniae were detected by PCR.Antibiotic suseeptibility testing for 15 antibiotics were also performed by K.B in virto.MICs of ciprofloxacin were determined by agar dilution methed.Plasmid conjugatable test wag applied to examine whether qnrA,qnrB and qnrS genes were located in conjugatable plasmid.For qnr-positive strains,integrase I and SHV-1,TEM-1,CTX-M,OXA-I,OXA-Ⅱ,OXA-Ⅲ,DHA and EBC β-lactamases genes were examined.Results 25 qnr-positive isolates were detected among 179 Enterobaeteriaceae isolates,including 6 qnrA-positive isolates,9 qnrB-positive isolates and 10 qnrS-positive isolates,which were presented in 3.35%.5.02%,and 5.59%respectively.All positive isolates were susceptible to imipenem but resistance to some other drugs.2 qnrA-positive isolates and 4 qnrB-positive isolates of them were susceptible to Quinolones.The plasmid wag eonjugatable in 2 qnrA-positive isolates and 4 isolates carrrying qnrB and qnrS.23 qnrA-positive isolates harbored type 1 Integrase,but one isolate with both qnrB and qnrS did not carry Type 1 Integrage.14 isolates of them were TEM-1 producing strains.6 isolates were OXA-Ⅲ-producing strains.and 7 isolates of them were EBC-producing strains.Conciusions In HuBei province,a low prevalence of qnrA,qnrB and qnrS wag determined in Enterebacteriaceae isolates.Muhidrng-resistance was found in qnr-pesitive isolates and qnr genes were detected in quinolone susceptible strains.Extendedspectrum β-lactamages could be presented in qnr-positive isolates too.

Objective The mortality rate of the children after surgical repair of congenital heart disease associated with acute renal injure has been reported to be 30％-79％.Peritoneal dialysis is the common treatment method for those patients,but the optimal time to initiate peritoneal dialysis is still controversial.The aim of this study was to investigate the clinic outcome of early peritoneal dialysis to the children following cardiac surgery.Methods We performed a retrospective chart of children following cardiac surgery from January 2008 to December 2009.The total number was 4561,62 of them were performed PD treatment.Data on the PD treatment children were collected from pre-operation to hospital discharge.Early peritoneal dialysis group was defintes as PD initiated at operation room or the interval between the end of operation to starting peritoneal dialysis less than 3hrs.the others were traditional PD group.Results The whole PD treatment rate was 1.36％,15 patients died.The mortality were 10.71％ (3/28) in early PD and 35.29％ (12/34) in conditional PD group respectively (P =0.036).2 patients were met RIFLE(risk,injury,failure,loss,and end-stage renal disease,RIFLE)classification as failure grade in early PD group while 10 patients in traditional PD group (P =0.001).After PD treatment 24hrs,the Vasoactive-Inotrope Scores and serum creatinine values were much lower in the early PD group children than those in the traditional PD group[(19.00 ±2.39) vs(37.00±5.22),P=0.002;(50.51 ±21.84) vs(130.13±76.09),P=0.001)].Conclusion This study shows that early PD can prevent the children after congenital heart surgery to develop AKI,and reduce the severity of the clinic status.Early intervention with PD is associated with low mortality.

AIM: To establish a HPLC method for determination of curcumol and germacrone in Zedoary Turmeric Oil and Glucose Injections. METHODS: RP-HPLC was applied for quantitative analysis of curcumol and germacrone. Hypersil ODS2 column (250 mm? 4.6 mm, 5 ?m) and gradient elution was used. Mobile phase A was acetonitrile and mobile phase B was water. Phase A time-percentage composition was as follows:0-3 min,45%;3-30 min,45%→65%;30-38 min, 65%; 38-45 min, 65%→90%;45-55 min,90%→100%;55-65 min,100%. The flow rate was at 1.0 mL?min -1 . Diode array detector was set at 214 nm and column temperature was at 25 ?C. RESULTS: The calibration curves of curcumol and germacrone were linear in the range of 0.26 - 6.5 ?g(r= 0.999 9 ) and 0.112 5 - 2.812 5 ?g(r=1), The average recoveries of them were 102.1% and 98.8% (n=5), respectively. CONCLUSION: Curcumol and germacrone can be determined by the method, and this will improve the quality control of Zedoary Turmeric Oil and Glucose Injections.

The mainly antigenic sites for the adenovirus neutraliation are present on Loop1 and Loop2 of hexon.Majority research were focus in the human adenovirus.Little was known on infectious canine hepatitis virus (ICHV), which was also called canine adenovirus typeⅠ.Here,ICHV (the isolated strain) DNA was isolated and purified from the cultured MDCK cells.The Loop1 and Loop2 fragments were amplified by polymerase chain reaction(PCR) method,and then was connected by ligase T4.The target fragment was then connected with vector pET28a.The nucleotide sequence ecoding Loop1 and Loop2 was determined.The nucleotide sequence identity of Loop1 region between the isolated strain and CLL, RI261 and Toronto A26/61 strains is 100%, 100% and 83.8%, and the nucleotide sequence identity of Loop2 region between the isolated strain and CLL, RI261 and Toronto A26/61 strains is 88.1% , 88.1% and 99.3%, and amino acid identity is 93.6%, 93.6% and 98.6%.The recombinant Loop protein was expressed in E.coli and was approximately 36kDa in size,and then was purified. Then BALB/c mice were injected subcutaneously in the back and armpit with the recombinant Loop protein.The anti-ICHV antibody titers of immunized serum was tested by indirect ELISA and the titers were up to 1:320.Western blot demonstrated that immunized sera could specifically combine with ICHV. The research laid a foundation for creating new genetic engineering products of infectious canine hepatitis virus.

Objective To analyze the surgical treatment options and its results for thoracic and thoracolumbar disc herniation.Methods From June 2004 to December 2009,thirty-one patients of thoracic and thoracolumbar disc herniation with or without ossification of ligament flavum were surgically treated,including 22 males and 9 females,with a mean age of 54 years(range,24 to 71 years).According to Anand and Regan clinical classification,there was type 2 for 1 case,grade 3a for 2,grade 3b for 3,grade 4 for 6,and grade 5 for 19.The neurological status was Frankel B for 2 cases,C for 6,D for 11,and E for 12.Anterior surgeries were performed for 18 patients without ossification of ligament flavum.Anterior decompression was performed through the resection of posterior part of vertebral body,or subtotal resection of vertebral body,followed by strut graft and internal fixation.Posterior surgeries were performed for 13 patients with disc herniation and ossification of ligament flavum.The resection of hemi-articular process and total laminectomy was performed.Results The complications of 18 patients with anterior surgery included laceration of dura mater in 1 case,nerve root sleeve injury in 1 case,intercostal neuralgia in 3 cases,atelectasis in 1 case,and femoroiliac numbness in 2 cases.The complications of 13 patients with posterior surgery included intra-canal hematoma in 1 cases,leakage of cerebrospinal fluid in 2 cases,infection of incision in 1 cases,and pneumonia in 1 case.The patients were followed for 18 months(range,6 to 48 months).At final follow-up,the neurological status and local symptom improved in all patients,with Frankel C for 3 cases,D for 7,and E for 21;and Anand and Regan type 1 for 2 cases,2 for 1,3a for 1,4 for 2,5 for 10 and no symptom for 15.Conclusion For thoracic and thoracolumbar disc herniation,anterior surgery is suitable for patients mainly suffered anterior cord compression.Resection of posterior part of vertebral body or subtotal resection of vertebral body is often needed for sufficient decompression.Posterior surgery is suitable for patients with anterior and posterior cord compression due to ossification of ligament flavum,and the decompression can be obtained by resection of hemi-articular process and total laminectomy.