OBJECTIVETo investigate the expressions of serine-threonine kinase (Akt)/mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR)/p70 S6K in oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and provide references for early diagnosis and prognosis evalua- tion of OSCC.

METHODSA total of 51 cases of OSCC, 10 cases of paracancerous mucosa, and 10 cases of normal oral mucosa were collected. The expressions of Akt/mTOR/p70 S6K in these cases were detected using the SP method of immunohisto- chemistry. The correlation between their expressions in OSCC was also analyzed.

RESULTSThe positive expressions ofp-Akt, p-mTOR, and p70 S6K in OSCC were significantly higher than those in normal oral mucosa and paracancerous mucosa. The expressions of p-Akt, p-mTOR, and p70 S6K in OSCC were not correlated with age, gender, and clinical stage; by comparison, these expressions were correlated with lymph node metastasis and pathological grade. Strong positive correlations were also observed between the expressions ofp-Akt, p-mTOR, and p70 S6K in OSCC.

CONCLUSIONAkt/mTOR/p70 S6K signaling molecules exhibit active expressions in OSCC and may be implicated in the occurrence and development of OSCC.

Aged ; Animals ; Humans ; Mouth Neoplasms ; Neoplasms, Squamous Cell ; Phosphorylation ; Protein Kinases ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt ; Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa ; Signal Transduction ; Sirolimus ; TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases

Castleman Disease ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Neck ; Young Adult

Objective: To learn the characteristics of adolescent pregnancy in Wenzhou from 2015 to 2019, so as to provide basis for protecting adolescent physical and mental health. Methods: Data of demographic characteristics, pregnancy and delivery outcomes of the women aged under 19 years ( adolescent pregnant ) and 20 to 34 years ( right-age pregnant ) who delivered in Wenzhou from 2015 to 2019 were collected from Wenzhou Maternal and Child Health Information Management System. The incidence of pregnancy complication, comorbidity and adverse delivery outcomes of adolescent pregnant women was compared with that of right-age pregnant women. Results: Among 536 753 parturients reported in Wenzhou from 2015 to 2019, there were 22 419 ( 4.18% ) of adolescent pregnancy and 430 163 ( 80.14% ) of right-age pregnancy. The average age of adolescent pregnant women was (18.11±0.82) years ( range, 10-19 years ). The majority of adolescent pregnant women were migrant population (19 437 cases, 86.70%), had an education level of junior high school and below ( 18 594 cases, 82.94% ), and had no occupation (19 192 cases, 85.61%). The incidence rates of anemia, gestational diabetes, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal laceration and premature delivery in adolescent pregnant women increased from 2015 to 2019 ( all P<0.05 ). The incidence rates of gestational diabetes, anemia, gestational hypertension, placental abruption, postpartum hemorrhage, perineal laceration, premature delivery, low birth weight, fetal death and stillbirth were 1.65%, 11.76%, 0.19%, 0.26%, 3.19%, 24.52%, 6.03%, 5.53%, 0.50% and 0.04% in adolescent pregnant women, which were significant different from 5.49%, 8.94%, 0.13%, 0.01%, 0.17%, 23.46%, 4.66%, 3.08%, 0.26% and 0.01% in the right-age pregnant women, respectively ( all P<0.05 ). Conclusions The adolescent pregnant population in Wenzhou are mainly migrant population with lower education level and no occupation. The incidence rates of pregnancy complication, comorbidity and adverse birth outcomes in adolescent pregnant population are higher than those in right-age pregnant population, and are increasing year by year.

Objective:To explore the clinical effects of penile ventral Z-shaped cross flap and penile dorsal pedicled transfer flap in penoplasty for concealed penis.Methods:From January 2017 to June 2019, the data of 151 patients with concealed penis admitted to our hospital was retrospectively reviewed. The patients were divided into 2 groups according to the surgical method. 69 cases were treated with penis ventral Z-shaped cross flap to form penis and 82 cases were treated with dorsal penis pedicled flaps to form the penis. In Z-shaped flap group, the penis length of 33 patients with tight scrotum was (3.06±0.25)cm before surgery and the penis length of 36 patients with relaxed scrotum was (2.99±0.28) cm before surgery. In flap with transfer group, the penis length of 39 patients with tight scrotum was (3.04±0.30)cm before surgery and the penis of 43 patients with relaxed scrotum was (3.04±0.24)cm before surgery. The length of the penis after surgery and incidence of postoperative complications were compared between Z-shaped flap group and flap with transfer group. Common complications included penile body retraction, foreskin edema, foreskin stenosis and penile wound splitting.Results:151 patients were followed up for 6-12 months, and all patients were satisfied with penis appearance. There was no penile necrosis or urinary fistula. In Z-shaped flap cross group, the penis length of 33 patients with tight scrotum extended (2.47±0.22)cm after surgery.The penis length of 36 patients with scrotum relaxation extended (2.61±0.27)cm after surgery, 39 patients was adopted the penile dorsal pedicled transfer flap with scrotum tight had extended penis (2.90± 0.16)cm, which significantly different from the Z-shaped flap group( P<0.05). In flap with transfer group, 43 patients with relaxed scrotum extended (2.79±0.18)cm after surgery, which was significantly different from the Z-shaped flap group ( P<0.05). In Z-shaped flap group, 33 patients with scrotum tight, there were 2 cases of penile retraction, 1 case of stenosis of the foreskin, 2 cases of foreskin edema, 2 cases of penile wound rupture. In transfer flap group, of 39 patients with scrotum tight, there was 1 case of foreskin edema. The incidence of complications that adopted the penile dorsal pedicled transfer flap with scrotum tight was lower than those adopted penile ventral Z-shaped cross flap [2.56%(1/39) vs. 21.21%(7/33), P=0.033]. In transfer flap group, of the 43 patients with scrotum relaxation, there were 3 cases of penile retraction, 3 cases of foreskin stenosis, 2 cases of penile ventral foreskin edema, and 1 case of penile wound rupture. Z-shaped flap group: 36 patients was scrotum relaxation was 1 case of foreskin edema. The incidence of complications that adopted the penile dorsal pedicled transfer flap was higer than those adopted penile ventral Z-shaped flap [20.93%(9/43) vs. 2.78%(1/36), P =0.038]. Conclusions:In terms of children with tight scrotum or loose scrotum, the effect of the transfer flap method to extend the penis is better than that of the Z-shaped flap method. However, the transfer flap method has a low complication rate for children with tight scrotum, while the Z-shaped flap method has a low complication rate for children with loose scrotum.

OBJECTIVETo establish transgenic mice with GFP expression in the vascular endothelium during neovascularization.

METHODSThe vector nestin-hsp68-gfp containing nestin second intron was introduced into U251 cells and the expression level of GFP was detected by fluorescence microscopy. Transgenic mice were produced by microinjection. The genome of the offspring mice was screened by PCR, and GFP expression in the vascular endothelium was detected using immunohistochemistry.

RESULTSThirteen offspring mice were obtained and 2 of them were positive for GFP in the vascular endothelium as detected by PCR. GFP was detected in the offspring mice both at the embryonic stage and after birth.

CONCLUSIONSThe transgenic mice with GFP expression in the vascular endothelium during neovascularization have been successfully established.

Animals ; Animals, Newborn ; Base Sequence ; Endothelium, Vascular ; metabolism ; Green Fluorescent Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Intermediate Filament Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Mice ; Mice, Transgenic ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Neovascularization, Pathologic ; genetics ; Neovascularization, Physiologic ; genetics ; Nerve Tissue Proteins ; biosynthesis ; genetics ; Nestin

AIM:To study the efficacy of conbercept intravitreal injection combined with retinal laser photocoagulation therapy and simple laser photocoagulation therapy on macular edema (ME) secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO).METHODS:Forty-eight patients (53 eyes) with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion diagnosed by clinical examination from October 2014 to March 2015 were retrospectively analyzed.Among them,28 patients (31 eyes) were treated with conbercept intravitreal injection combined with retinal laser photocoagulation,which was defined as Group A.And simple laser group contained 20 patients (22 eyes),which was defined as Group B.The clinical data including the patients' best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and central retinal thickness (CMT) before treatment and 1wk and 3mo after treatment were observed.RESULTS:Followed up for 3mo,the average BCVA values of A and B were 0.44±0.25,0.56±0.24,respectively and the average CMT were 330.50 ± 121.71,354.67 ± 102.79μm at first week of treatment.There was no significant difference in BCVA and CMT of Group A compared with Group B.There was statistically significant in BCVA and CMT of Group A and Group B compared with before treatment (P＜0.05).The average BCVA values of A and B were 0.24±0.18,0.39±0.20,respectively and the average CMT were 252.62 ± 83.01,332.67 ± 102.33μ m at third month of treatment.There were statistically significant differences between the two groups and compared with before treatment (P＜0.05),and Group A was superior to Group B.CONCLUSION:Conbercept intravitreal injection combined with retinal laser photocoagulation therapy and simple laser photocoagulation treatment of macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion are both effective that macular edema is significantly reduced,and vision is stable and improved.But for serious cases,conbercept intravitreal injection can reduce retinal edema at first,then combine with retinal laser photocoagulation which has obvious therapeutic effect and it is better than simple laser photocoagulation treatment.

Penetrating head injury is a serious open cranial injury. In civilians, it is often caused by non-missile, low velocity flying objects that penetrate the skull through a weak cranial structure, forming intracranial foreign bodies. The intracranial foreign body can be displaced due to its special quality, shape, and location. In this paper, we report a rare case of right-to-left displacement of an airgun lead bullet after transorbital entry into the skull complicated by posttraumatic epilepsy, as a reminder to colleagues that intracranial metal foreign bodies maybe displaced intraoperatively. In addition, we have found that the presence of intracranial metallic foreign bodies may be a factor for the posttraumatic epilepsy, and their timely removal appears to be beneficial for epilepsy control.

OBJECTIVETo investigate the inhibitory effects of tyroservatide and its amino acid mixture on growth of hepatocarcinoma.

METHODSHepatocarcinoma in nude mice was induced by implantation of cells of human hepatocarcinoma cell line BEL-7402. The inhibition of hepatocarcinoma growth was determined by calculating the tumor volume and measuring the tumor weight. The effects of tyroservatide on tumor cells in nude mice were assessed by immunohistochemical staining of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), electron microscopic observation of ultrastructure, and apoptosis of tumor cells using terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase biotin-dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL).

RESULTSTyroservatide significantly inhibited the growth of human hepatocarcinoma in nude mice, with an inhibiting rate more than 60%. But the mixture of amino acid did not show a significant inhibitory effect on the tumor growth. Tyroservatide also induced apoptosis of tumor cells and decreased the expression of PCNA in tumor cells.

CONCLUSIONTyroservatide may significantly inhibit the growth of human hepatocarcinoma in nude mice by inducing apoptosis and inhibiting proliferation of tumor cells.

Animals ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Humans ; Liver Neoplasms ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Liver Neoplasms, Experimental ; metabolism ; pathology ; prevention & control ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred BALB C ; Mice, Nude ; Oligopeptides ; pharmacology ; Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen ; metabolism ; Tumor Burden ; Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

BACKGROUNDCytomegalovirus (CMV) retinitis is the most severe intraocular complication that results in total retinal destruction and loss of visual acuity in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). This study aimed to investigate the fundus characteristics, systemic manifestations and therapeutic outcomes of CMV retinitis associated with AIDS.

METHODSIt was a retrospective case series. CMV retinitis was present in 39 eyes (25 patients). Best corrected visual acuities, anterior segment, fundus features, fundus fluorescence angiography (FFA) and CD4(+) T-lymphocyte counts of the patients with CMV retinitis associated with AIDS were analyzed. Intravitreal injections of ganciclovir (400 µg) were performed in 4 eyes (2 patients).

RESULTSRetinal vasculitis, dense, full-thickness, yellow-white lesions along vascular distribution with irregular granules at the border, and hemorrhage on the retinal surface were present in 28 eyes. The vitreous was clear or mildly opaque. Late stage of the retinopathy was demonstrated in 8 eyes characterized as atrophic retina, sclerotic and attenuated vessels, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) atrophy, and optic nerve atrophy. Retinal detachment was found in 3 eyes. The average CD4(+) T-lymphocyte count in peripheral blood of the patients with CMV retinitis was (30.6 ± 25.3) × 10(6)/L (range, (0 - 85) × 10(6)/L). After intravitreal injections of ganciclovir, visual acuity was improved and fundus lesions regressed.

CONCLUSIONSCMV retinitis is the most severe and the most common intraocular complication in patients with AIDS. For the patients with yellow-white retinal lesions, hemorrhage and retinal vasculitis without clear cause, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) serology should be performed. Routine eye examination is also indicated in HIV positive patients.

Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome ; complications ; immunology ; metabolism ; Adult ; Antiviral Agents ; pharmacology ; CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes ; metabolism ; Cytomegalovirus Retinitis ; drug therapy ; etiology ; immunology ; metabolism ; Female ; Fluorescein Angiography ; Ganciclovir ; pharmacology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Retrospective Studies ; Young Adult

In order to investigate the influence of cytokine combinations on proliferation and differentiation of human umbilical cord blood CD34(+) cells into megakaryocytes/platelets in vitro, the CD34(+) cells from human umbilical cord blood were amplified in serum-free medium StemSpan(SFEM) supplemented with several cytokine combinations by three-phase culture system. The effects of the cytokine combinations were compared. The results showed that at day 14 of the first culture phase, the CD34(+) cells cultured with cytokine combinations SCF + TPO + FL + IL-3 were amplified (11 000 ± 1 000) times, which were significantly higher than that of cells cultured with SCF + TPO + FL, but were not significantly different from that of cells cultured with SCF + TPO + IL-3 or SCF + TPO + FL + IL-3+ hydroxyl-corticosteroids. At day 7 of the second culture phase, the CD34(+) cells cultured with cytokine combination SCF + TPO + FL + IL-11 were amplified by (204666.7 ± 11718.9) times, which were significantly higher than that of cells cultured with SCF + TPO + FL + IL-3, but were not significantly different from that of cells cultured with SCF + TPO + FL + IL-11 + BMP4 + VEGF. At day 3 and day 6, the CD34(+) platelet-like cells accounted for about (39.8 ± 1.9)%, (39.7 ± 2.6)% and (25.5 ± 1.4)%, (23.1 ± 3.5)% cultured with SCF + TPO + FL + IL-11 and SCF + TPO + FL + IL-11 + BMP4 + VEGF, and significantly higher than that of the cells cultured with SCF + TPO + FL + IL-3. It is concluded that the cytokine combination of SCF + TPO + FL + IL-3 is most suitable cytokines combination for the amplification of CD34(+) hematopoietic progenitor cells. The cytokine combination of SCF + TPO + FL + IL-11 is preferred for the proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytes, this study lays an experimental basis for investigating the proliferation and differentiation of CD34(+) into megakaryocytes/platelets in vitro.
Antigens, CD34 ; immunology ; Blood Platelets ; cytology ; Cell Differentiation ; Fetal Blood ; cytology ; immunology ; Humans ; Interleukin-11 ; pharmacology ; Interleukin-3 ; pharmacology ; Megakaryocytes ; cytology ; Stem Cell Factor ; pharmacology ; Thrombopoietin ; pharmacology