Objective To investigate the protective effects of cardioplegic solution containing different concentrations of Shenfu injectio on isolated rabbit heart against ischemia-reperfusion(I/R)injury.Methods Forty adult long-ear white rabbits weighing 3.8-4.2 kg were anesthetized with intraperitoneal thiopental 40 mg?kg~(-1).Heparin 4 mg?kg~(-1) was injected Ⅳ.Hearts were immediately removed and mounted on a Langendorff apparatus and perfused via aorta with Krebs-Henseleit solution aerated at 37℃ with 95 % O_2 and 5 % CO_2.Forty isolated hearts were randomly divided into 5 groups(n=8 each):control group in which cardiac arrest was induced with St Thomas hyperkkaelemic cardioplegic solution and 4 Shenfu groups(SF)in which cardiac arrest was induced with St Thomas cardioplegic solution containing different concentrations of Shenfu injectio:1%(SF1), 5%(SF5),10%(SF10)and 15%(SF15).All hearts in the 5 groups were subjected to global ischemia for 45 min followed by 40 min reperfusion.Coronary effluent was collected after reperfusion for determination of CK-MB activity.Mitochondria were isolated arid Ca~(2+) and MDA content was measured.Myocardial ultrastructure was observed using electron microscope.Mitochondrial injury was assessed by using Flameng score and stereology(NA and ?).Results The CK-MB activity in coronary effluent,mitochondrial MDA and Ca~(2+) content and Flameng score were decreased and NA was increased in group SF1,SF5 and SF10 as compared with control group(P＜ 0.05 or 0.01).The ? of mitochondria was increased in group SF5 and SF10 as compared with control group(P＜ 0.01).The CK-MB activity and Ca~(2+) content were increased and MDA content was decreased in group SF15 as compared with control group(P＜0.05).The pathological damage to myocardium was significantly less in group SF5 and SF10 than in control group.Conclusion Shenfu injectio added to St Thomas cardioplegic solution at concentration of 5%～10% can protect myocardial mitochondria against I/R injury.

OBJECTIVE:To investigate the serumpharmacological effects of Compound Banmao Capsule(FBC)on prolif?eration of SMMC-7721cells in human hepatocellular carcinoma.METHODS:The effects of FBC were investigated in vitro using serum pharmacological approach.Different doses(clinic equivalent dosage,duplation and triplicity)of FBC suspension were irrigated into the rabbit stomachs.The inhibitory effects of FBC serum on SMMC-7721cells was observed by MTT assay.The inhibitory effects at different collecting hours in the clinical equivalent group were also observed.RESULTS:All of the drug serums in the three groups could inhibit the proliferation of SMMC-7721cells(P

Abnormalities, Multiple ; diagnosis ; Adolescent ; Humans ; Male ; Spleen ; abnormalities ; Testis ; abnormalities

Objective To investigate the association between ankylosing spondylitis (AS) in Han population from Hunan province of China and polymorphism located at the position nt587 in the tumor necrosis factor receptor Ⅱ ( TNFR Ⅱ ) gene.Methods Correlation analysis was performed in a case-control of 100 AS cases and 100 healthy control.The SNPs located in the TNFR Ⅱ gene ( TNFR Ⅱ nt587 ) was examined by polymerase chain reaction restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP).With the SPSS software,the relationship between AS and frequencies of genotype and alleles in TNFR Ⅱ nt587 were analyzed.Results There were 43 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/T genotype,32 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/G genotype and 25 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype in the AS cases.While in the healthy control,there were 56 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/T genotype,34 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 T/G genotype and 10 cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype.At the same times,the allele frequencies of G in AS group was significantly higher ( x2 =8.734,P=0.003 ) than the control group (41.0％ vs.27.0％ ).The odds ratio in AS cases with TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype was 3.256,which higher than those with G/G ( OR =1.226) genotype and T/T genotype compared the healthy control.Conclusion The study demonstrates that polymorphism within the TNFR Ⅱ at the position nt587 is associated with AS and TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G may play an important role in AS susceptibility,and TNFR Ⅱ nt587 G/G genotype may increase the sicken risk of AS in Hunan population.

Aim To investigate the protective effects of polysaccharides from the rhizomorph of Armillaria mella(AMP-1) on alloxan injured INS-1 cells.Methods Graded concentrations of AMP-1(2,10,50,100,500,1 000 mg?L-1) were added into the culture medium of alloxan injured INS-1 cells.The survival rate was measured by MTT assay.The amount of glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in different concentrations of AMP-1 was determined by radioimmunoassay(RIA).SOD and NOS activity,NO,MDA and GSH production were assayed colorimetrically.Results AMP-1 could reduce oxidative injuries induced by alloxan in INS-1 cells.The survival rate of cells treated with AMP-1 increased significantly.In the presence of 5.6 mmol?L-1 or 16.7 mmol?L-1 glucose,AMP-1(50,100,500,1 000 mg?L-1)increased glucose-induced insulin secretion in INS-1 cells in a dose-dependent manner.NOS levels and the production of NO and MDA decreased significantly by AMP-1,while SOD levels and the production of GSH increased.Conclusions AMP-1 promoted glucose-induced insulin secretion in INS-1 cells by increasing the abilities of scavenging the free radicals induced by alloxan.

To explore the clinical diagnosis methods of SARS virus infection, and analyze the value of ELISA by which the SARS-Ab was detected. The results show ed that the control group was negative, the positive detection rate was respective ly 2.7% and 92% before and after 12 days when the patients got the SARS in the t est group, and the total positive rate was 94.4%. But the detection rate was 3 1% among 29 suspected patients. In a word, the ELISA method was high specified. Th e detection rate was lower before 12 days and higher after 13 to 16 days when th e patients got the SARS.

The animal models of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury have been established inmany animals, such as monkeys, dogs, rats, mice, rabbits, and pigs. These models have provideda great deal of important information for neonatal hypoxic-ischemic brain injury. Howerver, thedifferent species vary in their susceptibility to the various types of ischemic insults. This articlereviews the animal models of hypoxic-ischemic brain injury in different species.

Objective To evaluate the effect of alveolar recruitment maneuver on the perioperative pulmonary function in the morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.Methods Forty morbidly obese patients of both sexes,of American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,aged 18-64 yr,with body mass index ≥ 40 kg/m2,scheduled for elective laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy,were randomly divided into either control group (group C) or alveolar recruitment maneuver group (group R) using a random number table,with 20 patients in each group.Patients in group C were treated with volume-or pressure-controlled ventilation after creation of pneumoperitoneum,maintaining the peak inspiratory pressure (Ppeak) ≤ 30 cmH2O and partial pressure of end-tidal CO2 35-40 mmHg.Patients in group R received alveolar recruitment maneuver once every 30 min starting from creation of pneumoperitoneum until the end of surgery.Patients were transfered to post-anesthesia care unit (PACU) with endotracheal tube which was extubated when the unified extubation standard was achieved in PACU.The patients who stayed in PACU for 2 h showing no indications for extubation were transfered to intensive care unit for continuous ventilation support.Immediately after intubation,immediately after creation of pneumoperitoneum,at 30,60 and 90 min of pneumoperitoneum,and at the end of pneumoperitoneum,blood samples were collected from the radial artery for blood gas analysis.Immediately after intubation,immediately after creation of pneumoperitoneum,at 30,60 and 90 min of pneumoperitoneum,at the end of surgery,and immediately before discharge from PACU,Ppeak,plateau pressure (Peat),and dynamic lung compliance were recorded.The time for achieving extubation standard and time for achieving the standard for discharge from PACU were recorded.Patients were followed up until discharge,and the feeding time and duration of hospital stay were recorded.Results Compared with group C,PaO2 and oxygenation index were significantly increased at 90 min of pneumoperitoneum,at the end of surgery,and immediately before discharge from PACU,Ppeak was decreased at 60 and 90 min of pneumoperitoneum and immediately after the end of pneumoperitoneum,Pplat was decreased at 60 and 90 min of pneumoperitoneum,the dynamic lung compliance was increased at 30,60 and 90 min of pneumoperitoneum and immediately after the end of pneumoperitoneum,and the time for achieving extubation standard,time for achieving the standard for discharge from PACU,feeding time,and duration of hospital stay were shortened in group R (P＜0.05 or 0.01).In group C,one patient did not present with indications for extubation and were transfered to intensive care unit for continuous ventilation support.Conclusion Intraoperative alveolar recruitment maneuver can effectively improve the intraoperative pulmonary function and promote the recovery of postoperative pulmonary function in the morbidly obese patients undergoing laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy.

BACKGROUND: Recently, little attention has been paid to how to induce and identify the functions of differentiated cells in the methods for embryonic stem (ES) cells differentiation into hepatocytes. Whether the differentiated cells express functional characteristics of hepatocytes should be one of the markers to identify the hepatic differentiation of ES cells.OBJECTIVE: To direct mouse embryonic stem cells in vitro differentiation into functional hepatocytes by introduction of murine cholestatic serum in hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)-induced system.DESIGN: A controlled observation and in vitro cytological trial.SETTING: Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.MATERIALS: The experiment was carried out in the Medical Research Center of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University from October 2004 to February 2007. The mouse E14 ES cell line was kindly provided by the Stem Cell and Tissue Engineering Center of Sun Yat-sen University. Twenty male SD rats, aged 2 weeks, were purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of Sun Yat-sen University. All animal experimental procedures were abided by the rules of animal ethnics.METHODS: The SD rats were undergone common bile duct ligation to induce cholestasis. Ten days after the operation, the whole blood of rats was collected to prepare cholestatic serum. The ES cells were cultured using hanging-drop method for 5-7 days to develop embryonic bodies (EBs). The dissociated EBs cells were then induced hepatic differentiation with spontaneous system, HGF (20 μg/L) system and cholestatic serum (5%) plus HGF (20 μg/L) system, respectively.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The cellular morphologic changes were observed using transverse microscopy dynamically. (2) The cell staining for albumin, α-fetoprotein, CK18/19, glycogen, indocyanine green (ICG) and fluorescein diacetate (FDA) was done after 4 weeks differentiation. (3) The hepatocyte-specific metabolic functions of synthesizing albumin, triacylglycerol and urea nitrogen were assayed at 3 days interval.RESULTS: (1) The differentiation of ES cells cultured in spontaneous system was uncontrolled and the cells could grow into a wide range of three-germ cells. The HGF could promote ES cells differentiation into endoderm and mesoderm (myocardium). But the differentiated cells only expressed low levels of hepatic specific functions in these two induced systems. (2) Under cholestatic serum plus HGF system, the ES cells could differentiate into polygonal cells with very uniform morphology which were positive in glycogen, ICG and FDA staining and showed higher capabilities of synthesizing albumin, triacylglycerol and urea nitrogen than the differentiated cells in the other systems (P＜0.05-0.01).CONCLUSION: The cholestatic serum, a mimic pathological microenvironment in vitro, could effectively promote ES cells-derived hepatocytes induced by HGF to express high level of liver-specific metabolism functions.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effects of sevotlurane and isoflurane on blockade of adult nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (ε-nAChR) of skeletal muscle of rats by rocuronium.MethodsHEK293 cell line was provided by Molecular Biology Laboratory,Chonqing Medical University and cultured in DMEM liquid culture medium containing 10％ bovine calf serum at 37 ℃in incubator filled with 5％ CO2.ε-nAChR was expressed heterologously in HEK293 cell using liposome transfection technology.The whole cell patch clamp technology was used to establish the concentration-effect curves for inhibition of acetylcholine (ACh)-induced current.The 5％ inhibitory concentration values ( IC5 ),25 ％ inhibitory concentration values ( IC25 ) and 50％ inhibitory concentration values (IC50) for sevoflurane,isoflurane and rocuronium were calculated.Firstly the inhibitory effect of rocuronium at a concentration of IC25 was studied in the presence of sevoflurane and isoflurane at concentrations of IC5,IC25 and IC50.Subsequently the inhibitory effect of rocuronium at concentrations of IC5,IC25 and IC50 was studied in the presence of sevoflurane and isoflurane at a concentration of IC25.Inhibition of ACh-induced current amplitude was recorded.ResultsAt the concentrations of IC5,IC25 and IC50 sevoflurane or isoflurane had synergistical inhibitory effect on the current amplitude of ε-nAChR with rocuronium at the concentrations of IC5 and IC25,while had addition inhibitory effect on the current amplitude of ε-nAChR with rocuronium at the concentration of IC50.The inhibitory effect of sevoflurane at the concentration of IC5 on the current amplitude of ε-nAChR with rocuronium at the concentration of IC25 was weaker than that of isoflurane,while the inhibitory effect of sevoflurane at the concentration of IC50 on the current amplitude of ε-nAChR with rocuronium at the concentration of IC25 was stronger than that of isoflurane.The inhibitory effect of sevoflurane at the concentration of IC25 on the current amplitude of ε-nAChR with rocuronium at the concentration of IC5 was weaker than that of isoflurane.ConclusionEither sevoflurane or isoflurane has synergistical blocking effect on ε-nAChR with low concentration of rocuronium,while has addition blocking effect with high concentration of rocuronium.Potentiation of blocking effect of rocuronium on ε-nAChR by low concentration of sevoflurane is weaker than that by isoflurane,while the potentiation by sevoflurane at high concentration is stronger than that by isoflurane.