Objective To explore the changes of the total antioxigenic capacity (T-AOC) of the plasma and red blood cells (RBC) in the acute pulmonary edema rats induced by acute formaldehyde inhalation. Methods SD rats were randomly dived into the formaldehyde group and control group, then were exposed to formaldehyde and physical saline vapor respectively in a chamber for 2 hours, the actions and vital signs were observed. After treatment the rats were taken out the chamber, 5 hours later, the T-AOC of the red blood cells and plasma were measured and the body, lungs and heart were weighted, the lung /heart weight index and lungs/body weight index were calculated, the pathological examination was done. Results Compare with the control group, the lung weight, lung/body weight index, lung /heart weight index and the T-AOC of the plasma increased, the T-AOC of RBC and body weight decreased significantly(P

During 131Ⅰ therapy or the natural course of DTC,2％ to 5％ of them will gradually no longer be sensitive to 131Ⅰ therapy and lead to radioactive iodine-refractory DTC (RAIR-DTC).Recent studies found that alterations of critical molecular targets in main signal transduction pathways could decrease the iodine-trapping function of thyroid carcinoma,such as BRAFV600E mutation,followed by negative 131 Ⅰ-whole body scan (WBS) and discounted efficacy.This article reviews novel diagnostic and therapeutic modalities for RAIR-DTC.

131 I-metabolizing genes are markers for differentiation of thyroid carcinoma.The loss or down-regulation of these genes represents progression of dedifferentiation,which results in low 131 I uptake and suggests a poor prognosis.The mechanism of dedifferentiation of DTC is important for treatment.This article reviews the mechanism of dedifferentiation from 131I radiation damage,gene mutation,tumor markers and protein.

Background and purpose:Thyroglobulin antibody (TgAb) is often positive in papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) patients. This study aimed to investigate the effect of TgAb on radioiodine ablation efficacy in PTC patients.Methods:A total number of 329 PTC patients with no distant metastasis were included and classified into 2 groups[G1 group (>115 U/mL,n=84) and G2 group (<115 U/mL,n=245)], G2 group was further divided into 2 subgroups[S1 (>40 U/mL,n=31) and S2 (<40 U/mL,n=214)], before131I ablation. The median follow-up time was 24 months after a total or subtotal thyroidectomy and subsequent131I ablation. The efficacy in terms of131I ablation success rates (IBR) between two groups were compared and the influencing factors were analyzed according to criteria posed by 2015 American Thyroid Association Guidelines, then the effect of131I dose on IBR was also explored.Results:Female and younger age were more prevalent in patients with high TgAb (P<0.05). The G1 group presented lower IBR over the G2 group (35.7%vs 72.7%,P=0.000). Moreover, S1 group also presented lower IBR over S2 group (54.8%vs 75.2%,P=0.017), indicating the adverse effect from high titer TgAb on IBR. No matter high or low dose, the G1 group presented lower IBR (34.1%vs 71.9%, 37.2%vs 73.2%;P=0.000). However, IBR did not differ in G1 or G2 group either with high or low dose131I (P>0.05). TgAb was the only adverse indicator correlating with IBR in multi-logistic regression analysis (P=0.018).Conclusion:TgAb could negatively affect131I ablation efficacy, while increasing the dose of131I failed to improve the success rate in such cases.

Atrioventricular Block ; complications ; Child ; Electromyography ; instrumentation ; methods ; Female ; Histiocytic Necrotizing Lymphadenitis ; complications ; Humans ; Research Report ; Thrombocytopenia ; complications

Objective: To explore the protective roll of ifbroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) in endoplasmic reticulum stress (ERS) induced rat's H9c2 cardiomyocyte apoptosis with its mechanism. Methods: pcDNA4 was used as gene vector, pcDNA4-FGF21 plasmid was constructed and transfected into rat's H9c2 myocardiocytes for 48 h. ERS model was established by 10 μM tunicamycin (TM) induction for 24 h. The experiment was conducted in 4 groups:①Control group,②TM group, the cells were treated by TM,③pcDNA4-FGF21+TM group,④pcDNA4+TM group. The expressions of FGF21, protein kinase R-like ER kinase (PERK) and c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) mediated apoptosis pathway related protein were measured by Western blot analysis; cell survival rate was examined by CCK-8 method and apoptosis rate was detected by TUNEL technique. Results: pcDNA4-FGF21 vector was successfully constructed and overexpressed in H9c2 myocardiocytes. Compared with Control group, TM group and pcDNA4+TM group had up-regulated endogenous FGF21 expression, increased PERK and JNK mediated apoptosis pathway related protein expression; reduced cell survival rate and elevated apoptosis rate. Compared with TM group and pcDNA4+TM group, pcDNA4-FGF21+TM group had down-regulated PERK and JNK mediated apoptosis pathway related protein expression; increased cell survival rate and decreased apoptosis rate. Conclusion: FGF21 overexpression can reduce ERS induced apoptosis rat's H9c2 myocardiocytes which might be partly related for inhibiting PERK and JNK mediated signal transduction of apoptosis pathway.

Objective:To evaluate the biochemical and structural changes of apatinib in patients with progressive radioactive iodine-re-fractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC). Methods:The participants (n=10) were followed up since March 2016. Treatment ef-fect was evaluated in using both biochemical [thyroglobulin (Tg) and thyroglobulin antibody (Tg-Ab)] and structural responses (target lesions, TL). Adverse events were also recorded over time. Results:The median follow-up was 7.9 months. The Tg level declined rapid-ly within 6 weeks after apatinib treatment, and the average decline ranged from 60%to 90%, indicating the immediate biochemical re-sponse of apatinib in progressive RAIR-DTC. The Tg level tended to stabilize thereafter. However, the Tg level rebounded by 4%–135%when withdrawal was performed for 3–14 days. The number of TLs decreased rapidly within 8 weeks, and the average decreased ranged from 40%to 60%, indicating the presence of rapid structural responses. Thereafter, the number of TLs continued to stabilize. TLs, in contrast to Tg, were not significantly affected by drug withdrawal. The rate of change in Tg (Tgvn) was positively correlated with the rate of change in TL (TLvn) [TLvn=0.17×Tgvn+0.50 (r=0.56, P<0.05)]. The apatinib dose was adjusted due to adverse events, which could be relieved after 3 to 14 days of withdrawal. Apatinib can effectively control the disease even at a reduced dose of 250 mg/d. Conclusion:Apatinib treatment showed a fast and sustainable biochemical and structural responses. Tg could be regarded as an objec-tive indicator. Tgvn is positively correlated with TLvn, and the response of Tg is more sensitive than that of TLs.

Background and purpose:Radioactive iodine-refractory differentiated thyroid cancer (RAIR-DTC) is a big challenge in the management of thyroid cancer. Sorafenib and lenvatinib are the 2 tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) recently approved by FDA, which could not be affordable for most of the Chinese patients. This pilot study aimed to evaluate the short term effcacy and safety of apatinib, a Chinese domestic TKI targeted vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), in advanced RAIR-DTC.Methods:Ten patients who were identiifed as progressive RAIR-DTC were enrolled in this study. Patients received oral apatinib 750 mg once daily. Both thyroglobulin (Tg) and/or Tg antibody (TgAb) levels were monitored every 2 weeks after the treatment. Computed tomography (CT) was per-formed every 4 weeks after apatinib treatment to evaluate the response according to response evaluation criteria in solid tumor version 1.1 (RECIST 1.1). Within 8 weeks after apatinib treatment, therapeutic response was evaluated in terms of Tg, a sensitive biochemical tumor marker for DTC, and RECIST 1.1 assessment. Meanwhile, the adverse events (AE) were monitored during the therapy.Results:The Tg levels declined after the ifrst 2 weeks of apatinib treatment, and a mean decline rate of 68% could be observed in 8 patients with Tg available for evaluation after 8 weeks, which repre-sented a biochemical partial response. Eighteen target lesions (TL) of 10 patients were evaluated and followed up. The diameter of TL began to decrease after 4 weeks, and a mean decline of 40% could be observed after 8 weeks’ apatinib treatment. A total of 9 patients (9/10) achieved partial response according to RECIST 1.1 criteria and 1 patient with stable disease, with 90% objective response rate and 100% disease control rate. The most common AE beyond grade 3 included hand-foot-skin reactions, hypertension and hypocalcemia, which accounted for 50%, 30% and 20% of the cases, respectively. No severe AE related to apatinib was observed during the treatment.Conclusion:A safe and rapid response and high partial response rate in terms of biochemistry, RECIST 1.1 could be observed in RAIR-DTC patients within 8 weeks of apatinib treatment.

Objective To evaluate the impact of low-dose 131I therapy and high-dose 131I therapy on the clinical outcome in PTC patients coexisting with Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT).Methods A total of 140 non-distant metastatic PTC patients (16 males,124 females,age range:16-66 years) from July 2010 to December 2014 were enrolled in this retrospective study.Patients concurrent with HT (n=84,group A) were divided into low-dose group (1 110 MBq,n=56,group A1) and high-dose group (5 550 MBq,n=28,group A2) according to 131I ablation dose.Patients without HT (n =56) were enrolled as control group (group B),and received 1 110 MBq of 131I.The thyroid remnant ablation outcome was evaluated according to 131I diagnostic whole-body scan (Dx-WBS),neck ultrasonography (US),serum Tg and TgAb level 6-8 months after 131I ablation therapy.The successful ablation rates were compared by x2 test.Kruskal-Wallis rank sum test was also used.Results There were no significant differences among the 3 groups in terms of both clinicopathological features and postoperative remnant thyroid (H:0.203-2.944,x2:0.271-0.970,all P＞0.05).When negative Dx-WBS and US were deemed as successful ablation criterion,complete ablation rate was found significantly more in group B (94.6％,53/56) than that in group A1 (82.1％,46/56;x2=4.264,P＜0.05),but no significant difference was found between group A2 (85.7％,24/28) and group A1 (x2 =0.318,P＞0.05).When combining negative sTg (sTg＜1 μg/L,TgAb＜46 kU/L) with the above 2 criterions to assess remnant ablation outcome,group B also had a higher successful rate to achieve complete ablation (85.7％,48/56) compared with group A1 (75.6％,34/45),but without statistical significance (x2=2.978,P＞0.05),and no difference was observed between group A2 (12/15) and group A1 (x2=1.320,P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Non-distant metastatic PTC patients coexisting with HT has undesirable 131I ablation outcome compared with those without HT,increasing 131I dose is unhelpful to enhance efficiency of remnant ablation for PTC patients with HT.

Objective To study the effects of Compound Di Gui Capsule (CDGC) on the levels of glucose and lipid in diabetic rats.Methods Rats models with diabetes mellitus were induced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (50mg?kg-1).Then the diabetic rats were divided into different groups at random.CDGC groups were given CDGC in the dosages of 2.4,1.2,0.6 g?kg-1?d-1 respectively by gastric gavage for 90 d.Levels of whole blood glucose,glycosylated hemoglobin,total cholesterol (TC),triglyceride (TG),low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C),high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C),nitric oxide (NO),total antioxidation capacity (T-AOC) were determined.The insulin level and the pathological changes of pancreatic tissues were also observed.Results The glucose level of diabetic rat was decreased 2h after administration.After administration of CDGC for 90d,the glycosylated hemoglobin,TG,LDL-C and NO were markedly decreased,islet ?cells were protected and restored,and the insulin level and T-AOC were increased.Conclusion CDGC can regulate the metabolism of glucose and lipid in diabetic rats,and can protect and restore the pancreatic islet cells.