Objective To assess the feasibility of evaluation of coronary flow reserve (CFR) for left anterior descending (LAD),left circumflex (LCx),and right coronary posterior descending artery(PDA) as well as diagnostic accuracy for patency of each branches by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography (TTDE). Methods CFR of main coronary artery branches at the distal sites were studied by TTDE with adenosine infusion (140 μg · kg-1 · min-1) in 439 consecutive patients with suspected coronary heart disease. The relations between CFR and stenosis rates of coronary bifurcations were analyzed. Results Twenty-eight of LAD,12 of LCx and 21 of PDA were occluded in 439 patients. The success rate of CFR assessment of LAD, LCx and PDA were 96.8% (395/411), 74.9% (320/427), 83.0% (347/418)respectively. Then CFR≤2.0 and CFR≤1.7 were chosen as the criteria of coronary stenosis (≥50 %) and severe stenosis(≥75%). The sensitivity and specificity of detection of LAD,LCx and PDA stenosis were 81% and 87% ,64% and 82%, 79% and 85%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity of diagnosis of LAD, LCx and PDA severe stenosis were 86% and 81%, 70% and 85%, 81% and 82%, respectively.Conclusions CFR evaluation of main coronary artery branches has high feasibility and can provide valuable information for relevant vessel patency.

AIM: To compare the effect of small incision extracapsular cataract extraction and phacoemulsification on corneal endothelial cells and explore the differences between these two most commonly used surgeries for grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ lens nucleus. · METHODS: Retrospective study. We retrospectively evaluated the data of age-related cataract patients who had completed surgery in our hospital between June 2013 and December 2015. There were 84 eyes of 84 patients. The corneal endothelial cell density of all the patients were greater than 2000/mm2 and lens nucleus were gradeⅡ- Ⅲ. The patients were divided into manual small incision cataract surgery ( MSICS ) group and phacoemulsification ( Phaco ) group. MSICS group included 42 cases (42 eyes) and Phaco group included 42 cases ( 42 eyes ) . Postoperative evaluations were performed at 1d, 1wk, 1mo and 6mo and included uncorrected visual acuity ( UCVA ) , corneal endothelial cell density and the proportion of hexagonal cells. · RESULTS: There were no statistically significant differences of the two groups in preoperative basic data, UCVA, corneal endothelial cell density and the proportion of hexagonal cells, nuclear classification. The postoperative UCVA were significantly improved in both groups (x2=148. 01, P<0. 001; x2=165. 97, P<0. 001). The postoperative UCVA were on the rise as time goes on. The postoperative corneal endothelial cell density was obviously reduced in both groups compared with the preoperative (F=37. 74, P<0. 001; F=24. 56, P<0. 001). The proportion of hexagonal cells in Phaco group was declined at 1d (P=0. 002) after the operation and returned to baseline by 1wk (P=0. 894) after surgery. There was no significant difference between the two groups in UCVA, corneal endothelial cell density and the proportion of hexagonal cells at each observation point (P>0. 05). ·CONCLUSION: Manual small incision cataract surgery and phacoemulsification can indiscriminately improve UCVA and decrease the density of corneal endothelial cells. However, the change of hexagonal cells proportion was not obvious. These two surgeries for cataract patients with corneal endothelial cell density greater than 2000/mm2 , grade Ⅱ-Ⅲ lens nucleus have similar efficacy and safety.

Objective To understand the clinical features of children with acute pancreatitis.Method Clinical data of 106 in patients in Children′s Hospital with acute pancreatitis from Jul.1991 to Jan.2005 were analyzed retrospectively.Results The most frequent(etiologic) factors of childhood acute pancreatitis were idiopathic(35.8%),mumps virus infection(33.9%)and biliary tract diseases(15%).Abdominal pain(96.2%),vomiting(72.6%)and fever(45.3%) were the most common clinical symptoms.And the most common signs were abdominal tenderness(73.6%),abdominal wall rigidity(17.9%)and abdominal distention(10.6%).Multisystem damage usually occurred in childhood acute pancreatitis.Serum amylase,urinary amylase and serum lipase elevated 84.8%,58.5% and 55%in patients,respectively.Fifty-one percont patients had abnormal ultrasound imaging and 81% had abnormal computed tomographic imaging.In 5 patients who were subjected to endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography(ERCP) and magnetic resonance cholangiopancreatography(MRCP),the pancreaticobiliary system was visualized clearly.Nonsurgical therapy was done in most patients,only 6 cases received surgical therapy.Sixty-five cases were cured and 40 cases straightened up,only 1 case died.The efficiency rate was 99%.Pseudocysts occurred in 2 patients.Conclusions Idiopathic pancreatitis and mumps virus infection are the most frequent etiologic factors for childhood acute pancreatitis.Symptoms and signs such as abdominal pain and abdominal tenderness are the important diagnostic bases of childhood acute pancreatitis.Childhood acute pancreatitis was always accompanied by multisystem damage.Pancreatic enzyme test and radiography test were helpful in the diagnosis of childhood acute pancreatitis.Nonsurgical therapy is the leading therapeutic means of childhood acute pancreatitis.Timely diagnosis and allopathy help to improve the prognosis of childhood acute pancreatitis.Pseudocyst is the primary complication of childhood acute pancreatitis.

Rhinovirus

Objective An investigation was conducted to assess the chemopreventive effects of celecoxib, a selective cyclooxygenase(COX)-2 inhibitor, on a rat colon carcinogenesis model induced by dimethylhydrazine (DMH). The results were compared with those of sulindac. Methods Thirty-two 8-week-old female Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=8 each):Group A rats were treated with DMH(120 mg/kg wt, single subcutaneous injection) alone and group B rats were treated with saline alone. Group C rats were pre-treated with sulindac (320 mg/kg feedstuff) and group D rats pre-treated with celecoxib (1500 mg/kg feedstuff) for 7 days before DMH initiation. The animals were killed at the end of the experiment (week 5) and the aberrant crypt foci(ACF) and aberrant crypt(AC) of the colonic mucosa were assessed after being stained with methylene blue. Results In group A(DMH only), the average numbers of ACF and AC were 182.4?93.43 and 262.8?197.8 respectively. In group B (saline group) rats, no ACF was found. In group C (sulindac group) rats, the average numbers of ACF and AC were 91.25?48.98 and 139.60?68.52 respectively, both of them were decreased significantly as compared with those in Group A (P

OBJECTIVE:To establish a HPLC method for the determination of yohimbine in corynanthe yohimbe K.schum.METHODS:The analysis was performed on C18 column with column under room temperature.The mobile phase consisted of methanol-phosphoric acid buffer-triethylamine(30∶ 70∶ 0.5,pH5.0)with a flow rate of 1.0mL? min-1.The wavelength was set at 270nm.RESULTS:There was a good linear relationship when the sample size of yohimbine was over a range of 10～ 1 000? g? mL-1(r=0.999 8),with recovery at 96.5% and precision at 1.23%.CONCLUSION:This method was simple and reliable,and suitable for the determination of content of yohimbine.

AIM: To evaluate the relationship between axial length ( AL ) , corneal and lens refractive power, and the refractive error in children.
METHODS:Totally 44 children 88 eyes with refractive error who underwent retinoscopy with cycloplegia, to be measured spherical equivalent refractive error. Axial length was measured by a noncontact optical biometry ( ZEISS IOL-Master) , and corneal K and anterior chamber depth ( ACD) were also measured by the same machine. The refractive power of the lens was calculated by using the SRK formula. The patients were divided into 3 groups, myopia (SE<0), hyperopia (SE>+0. 50D) and emmetropia ( 0 to + 0. 50D ). Linear Correlation and Regression were used to evaluate the correlation among the optical parameters.
RESULTS:Totally 44 subjects, 88 eyes, average 9. 04±2.39 years, spherical equivalent (SE) -3. 50D to +8. 75D. Hyperopic AL was shorter than the other two groups ( P<0.05), same trend in lens power. No significant differences among the 3 groups in corneal K and ACD. There was a negative correlation between age and SE, SE and AL, SE and lens refractive power, and there was a positive correlation between age and AL, age and lens power.
CONCLUSION:As the children's growing up, SE trends to myopia, and AL becomes longer, and lens power is stronger.

34 patients who suffered from NVG, excluding patients with shallow anterior chamber.All patients were assigned to groups A and B according the different therapy.Group A ( 15 eyes ) was treated with Ex -PRESS glaucoma filtration device implantation. Group B ( 19 eyes ) underwent a trabeculectomy combined with mitomycin C. All the patients were followed up to 1a.The results of best-corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , intraocular pressure ( lOP ) , the combination of lOP lowering medications, complications were recorded statistically analyzed preoperative and 1d, 1, 4wk, 6 and 12mo after operation. · RESULTS: Mean lOP decreased significantly frompreoperative values in both groups ( P=0.01 ) .The both group had similar lOP values changes after 1, 4wk, 6, 12mo, and there were no significant difference in statistics (P=0.451).There was no significant difference in BCVA changes after operation in both groups ( P =0.832).Success rate was 66.7%and 63.1%at 1a after Ex-PRESS glaucoma filtration device and trabeculectomy, respectively. Anterior chamber bleeding occurred to 8 cases after trabeculectomy in group B and to 3 cases with Ex-PRESS glaucoma filtration device implantation in group A.Choroidal detachment occurred to 3 cases in
group A and 6 cases in group B. No other ocular or systemic adverse events were found during the follow-up duration.
·CONCLUSlON:ln the short-term, Ex-PRESS glaucoma filtration device implantation has the advantages of simpleness, safety, minimally invasive, short learning curve for neovascular glaucoma, which provides us an available strategy to conquer NVG by simply operation and less suffering.

AIM: To investigate therapeutic effects of combination therapy for neovascular glaucoma ( NVG) .
METHODS: This retrospective study comprised 34 eyes of 34 patients who suffered from NVG. All patients were assigned to group A, B, C and D according to the different combination therapies. Group A ( 11 eyes of 11 patients ) was treated with intravitreal injection of ranibizumab and panretinal photocoagulation ( PRP ) . Group B ( 10 eyes of 10 patients ) was treated with transcleral cyclophotocoagulation and PRP. Group C ( 6 eyes of 6 patients) was treated with 3 therapies together. Group D (7 eyes of 7 patients) was treated with 810nm transcleral cyclophotocoagulation and soft gas-permeable contact lenses. All the patients were followed-up for 1a. The best- corrected visual acuity ( BCVA ) , intraocular pressure ( IOP ) were recorded and analyzed prior to operation and 1, 4wk, 6 and 12mo after operation.
RESULTS: All the post treatment IOP decreased significantly ( P<0. 05 ) from the values before therapy, and the IOP values after 4wk, 6, 12mo were not significantly different ( P > 0. 05 ) in statistics. Most patients' IOP can be controlled below 23mmHg after combination therapy. The visual acuity in group A after 1, 4wk, 6mo compared with those before treatment was significantly increased ( P<0. 05 ) in statistics and other groups did not significantly change before and after treatment (P>0. 05). Anterior chamber bleeding occurred to 2 cases after 1wk of transcleral cyclophotocoagulation. No other ocular or systemic adverse events were found during the follow-up duration.
CONCLUSION: After the combination of intraocular injection of the anti - VEGF drugs, 810nm laser cyclophotocoagulation and PRP, most patients with NVG disease can be effectively treated, can effectively control IOP, and retain part of the visual function, significantly improve the quality of life. In the short - term, combination therapy is safe and effective for NVG, which provides us an available strategy to conquer NVG by simply programmable operation and less suffering.

目的探讨药物注射配合强化训练对颅脑损伤患者运动功能的影响。方法将60例住院颅脑损伤患者随机分为治疗组(30例)和对照组(30例)。治疗组在常规综合康复治疗基础上加用针对性药物注射治疗及强化训练,而对照组单纯采用康复治疗。两个疗程(20天/疗程)后,采用Fugl- Meyer运动功能量表评定两组的治疗效果。结果两组患者的运动功能均有改善 ,但治疗组的改善程度明显优于对照组(P<0.01)。结论药物注射配合强化训练能够明显改善颅脑损伤患者的运动功能。