Objective To investigate the biocompatibility and safety of nanoscale brain-targeting-carrier micelles [poly (ethylene)-b-poly (lactic acid)/OX26 conjugate micells (copolymer/OX26)],and to explore its possibility as brain-targeted-drug carrier for brain glioma.Methods The C6 glioma cells were cultured in vitro and divided into experimental groups with different concentrations (10, 20, 40, 80 mg · L-1 )of nano micelle, and the medium without micelle was used as control group.The inhibitory effect of nano-micelles on the rat brain glioma C6 cells was examined by Trypan blue cell counting assay.Flow cytometry (FCM)was used to detect the changes of apoptosis and cell cycle of C6 cells,and confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM)was performed to analyze the distribution of copolymer/OX26 into C6 cells. Results The results of Trypan blue cell counting assay showed copolymer/OX26 didn’t affect the growth of C6 cells,and there were no significant differences in the number of C6 cells between control group and expreimental groups (P >0.05).The results of FCM showed that the cell cycle and and the apoptotic rates of C6 cells had no changes compared with control group (P > 0.05).The results of CLSM showed that the fluorescence intensities in experimental groups were higher than those in blank micelles group and blank control group (P < 0.05 ), and they were increased in dose- and time-dependent manner (P <0.05).Conclusion Copolymer/OX26 has no effect on the growth and apoptosis of glioma cells.By bonding OX26,copolymer/OX26 can significantly increase the intake of C6 cells on the nano micelles.

Objective To assess the continent diversion results of sigma rectum pouch after radical cystectomy. Methods The reconstruction of bladder with sigmoid was modified for treatment of 18 cases of bladder tumor.The intestine was incised over a length of 20～24 cm with the junction of sigmoid colon and rectum as the midpoint so as to create a low pressure reservoir for urine and side-to-side anastomosis was performed on the posterior borders of the rectosigmoid wall.Submucosal tunnel modified technique was em- ployed in antireflux urethral implantation,Urination has been controlled by anal sphincter.Results About 80 minutes was spent to finish a new low pressure pouch after radical cystectomy.Among 18 patients with this op- eration,the controlled emiction were good after pull out the anal duct and"J"stent in 1 week to 2 months.Af- ter 2 months,the times of urination is stable,4～5 times in daytime and 1～3 times during nighttime.Two pa- tients had nocturnal enuresis and the symptom vanished after 2 months. One patient had adhesive ileus, two patients had hyperchloremia acidosis and kaliopenia,one patient had urethral stump cancer.There is no com- plication as anastomotic block,renal function lesion and severe upper urinary tract infection. Conclusion This operative method was easy,emiction control was well,and with higher quality of life for patients.It is al- so a better alternative diversion procedure that would be easily accepted.

Wireless medical monitoring overcomes the limitations of conventional wired-monitoring, enabling people to get their physiological and pathological informations anytime and anywhere. This review summarizes the basic components and principles of wireless medical monitoring, including the techniques for measuring and transmitting vital signs. Its status,developments in R&D and applications are presented with a series of examples. Limitations and potential uses of wireless medical monitoring are also discussed.
Computer Communication Networks ; Equipment Design ; Monitoring, Ambulatory ; instrumentation ; Telecommunications ; Telemetry ; instrumentation

Objective To measure the concentration of serum transthyretin (TTR) of patients with different stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR).Methods A total of 176 patients with diabetes mellitus were included in this study.There were 104 males and 72 females.The patients aged from 21 to 74 years,with the mean age of(56± 11) years.The diabetes duration raged from 1 to 30 years,with the mean diabetes duration of (10 ± 7) years.The HbA 1C was 5.2％-14.1％,with the mean HbA 1C of (8.6 ± 2.0)％.According to the fundus examination,58 patients had DR (33.0％),but the other 118 patients not (67.0％).For these DR patients,10 patients were in stage Ⅰ (5.7％),26 patients in stage Ⅱ (14.8％),8 patients in stage Ⅲ (4.5％),and 14 patients in stage Ⅳ (8.0％).The concentration of serum TTR was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbentassay kit.The differences in the concentration of serum TTR between different DR stages were compared.Bivariate analysis was used to analyze the influencing factors of TTR.Results The concentrations of serum TTR of the patients without DR or with DR of stage Ⅰ to Ⅳ were (224.96±65.47),(383.68± 102.99),(247.44±63.21),(228.2 ± 45.89),(189.34± 70.12) mg/L,respectively.The difference between different DR stages was statistically significant (F=14.690,P＜ 0.001).Bivariate analysis showed that the concentration of TTR was correlation to DR (r=0.179,P=0.017).There was no correlation between the concentration of TTR and diabetes duration (r=-0.027,P=0.727),hypertension (r=0.018,P=0.810),hyperlipoidemia (r=0.101,P=0.182),and the use of insulin (r=-0.032,P=0.675).Conclusion The concentration of serum TTR was increased in early DR patients,and gradually decreased with the progression of DR.The concentration of TTR is correlated to DR.

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of Compound Zhajin Granule (CZG) on Toll-like re-ceptor 4 (TLR4) signaling pathway in high-fructose corn syrup induced NASH mice.

METHODSThirty 6-week-old male C3H mice were divided into the high fat and high fructose (HFHFr) group (n = 20) and the control group (n = 10) according to body weight. Mice in the HFHFr group ate high fat diet and drank 20% fructose water, while those in the control group ate common diet and drank common water. After 8 weeks mice in the HFHFr group were divided into two group according to body weight, the HFHFr group and the CZG group, 10 in each group. Mice in the CZG group were fed with high fat forage and 20% fructose water, and administered with 50 mL/kg 12. 8% CZG (prepared by hawthorn, Radix Curcumae, Alisma Orientale, Fritillaria Thunbergii, Silybum Marianum, peach seed in the ratio of 3:1.5:1.5:2:1.5:2:1) by gastrogavage. Mice in the HFHFr group were fed in the same way and daily administered with equal volume of distilled water by gastrogavage. Sixteen weeks later all mice were sacrificed. Body weight, liver wet weight, liver function, and lipid metabolism were detected. Pathological changes of liver tissues were assessed by HE staining, oil red O staining, and Masson staining. Expressions of TLR4, myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) were detected using immunohistochemical staining and real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR.

RESULTSBody weight, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were obviously lower in the CZG group than in the HFHFr group (P < 0.05); oil red O stained area and density were decreased more in the CZG group than in the control group. HE staining showed ballooning inflammation was reduced more in the CZG group than in the HFHFr group. Masson staining was negative. Positive rates of TLR4 and MyD88 and mRNA expressions were significantly lower in the CZG group than in the HFHFr group (all P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONCZG could significantly inhibit TLR4 signaling pathway of liver in NASH mice.

Alanine Transaminase ; metabolism ; Animals ; Aspartate Aminotransferases ; metabolism ; Diet, High-Fat ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Fructose ; administration & dosage ; adverse effects ; Inflammation ; Lipid Metabolism ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C3H ; Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88 ; metabolism ; Non-alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease ; drug therapy ; Signal Transduction ; drug effects ; Toll-Like Receptor 4 ; metabolism ; Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo evaluate a technique for closing the cleft of nasal aspect at the junction of the hard and soft palate and ensuring the wound healing well during the procedures of repairing broad cleft palate.

METHODSA inferior turbinate mucoperiosteal flap based posterior is designed and transposed to the junction of the hard and soft palate for decreasing the tension effectively and closing the cleft easily.

RESULTSAll of the patients showed wound healing well and no distinct scars or palatal fistula.

CONCLUSIONSIt is a simple and effective technique to decrease the tension and close the cleft of nasal aspect at the junction of the hard and soft palate with inferior turbinate mucoperiosteal flap.

Child, Preschool ; Cleft Palate ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Periosteum ; transplantation ; Reconstructive Surgical Procedures ; methods ; Surgical Flaps ; Turbinates

Objective To determine whether morphine having the ability to influence the antiviral effect of lamivudine(3TC)in vitro study.Methods MT2 cells were randomly assigned into morphine+3TC treatment group,morphine+naloxone+3TC treatment group,naloxone+3TC treatment group.Both 3TC and virus control groups were set up.The corresponding MT2 cells were treated with opiates antagonist(naloxone)for 0.5 hours before the 24-hours morphine treatment program was implemented while all of the groups were then infected with equal amounts of cell-free HIV-1 ⅢB strain and 3TC.HIV-1 p24 antigen in culture supernatants collected at days 3,4,5 and 6after infection status was tested and the inhibition of 3TC anti-HIV-1 p24 antigen of various treatment groups calculated.Results Inhibition of 3TC anti-HIV-1 p24 antigen of Morphine+3TC treatment group was the lowest when HIV-1 infected cells at 3rd and 4th day and showed significant difierence (P<0.05)when compared to the 3TC control.However,there was no statistically significant difference among them(P>0.05),when virus was infected the cells at 5th and 6th day.The difference of 3TC anti-HIV-1 p24 antigen inhibition between the morphine+naloxone+3TC treatment group and the naloxone+3TC treatment group was not significant(P>0.05).Similar results were obtained when these two groups were compared to the 3TC control group(P>0.05),respectively.The 3TC anti-HIV-1 p24 antigen inhibition of each treatment group reduced as the time of infection prolonged,showing a significant and time-course effbct.Conclusion The 3TC antiviral effect was reduced by morphine in the early stage of infection,and could be blocked by naloxone.

This study was aimed to establish an applicable, convenient and rapid method for platelet intracellular trehalose determination, so that the technique of trehalose loading could be optimized and used in research on freeze-drying platelets. Protein from loaded-trehalose platelets was deposited by using trichloroacetic acid, trechalose concentration in platelets was determinated by sulfuric-anthrone reaction and was analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The results showed that when platelets were loaded with 1.7% of trehalose in loading solution, intracellular concentration determinated by sulfuric-anthrone reaction was 0.22% and derterminated by HPLC was 0.2%. The recovery rate of trehalose determinated by sulfuric-anthrone reaction was 100.7% and stability and repeatability of results were good. In conclusion, the method is convenient, rapid, accurate and highly sensitive for determination of platelet intracellar trehalose.
Blood Platelets ; chemistry ; Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid ; methods ; Humans ; Reproducibility of Results ; Sulfuric Acids ; chemistry ; Trehalose ; analysis

The goal of this study is to research the genetic characteristics and relationship between HN and P genes of NDV. The nucleotide sequence and deduced amino acid sequence were analyzed for the Hemagglutinin-neuramindase (HN) and Phosphoprotein (P) gene of twelve field isolates of Newcastle disease virus (NDV) during 1997-2005 in China. The HN and P gene sequences of fifteen NDV reference strains from GenBank were also used in this study. The molecular evolution distance of nucleotides and amino acids were calculated by MEGA 4.0 software, and analysis of variance and correlations were analyzed by SPSS11.0 software among different length sequences of the HN gene or P gene. The nucleotide and amino acids correlation of HN and P gene were analyzed respectively. The correlation of evolution distance and isolation year were also calculated. The results indicated that there were difference and good correlation of nucleotide and amino acid among different length sequences of the HN gene or P gene. These results revealed that the HN and P gene of NDV have the different response to selective pressure to adopt to landscape and closely relationship on heredity mutations. Nucleotide variations of HN and P gene have relationship with isolation year of strains.
Evolution, Molecular ; Genetic Variation ; HN Protein ; genetics ; Newcastle disease virus ; classification ; genetics ; Phosphoproteins ; genetics ; Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction

OBJECTIVETo establish a simple, sensitive, specific and less-costly method for detecting genotypes of TT virus (TTV).

METHODSTTV DNA was tested by nested polymerase chain reaction (nPCR) in sera from 180 patients with different types of viral hepatitis and 96 normal individuals in Beijing. TTV genotypes were determined in 40 sera collected from TTV DNA positive patients by heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) and through sequencing.

RESULTSThe positive rates of TTV DNA in viral hepatitis patients and normal individuals were 22.2% (40/180) and 19.8% (19/96), respectively (chi(2) = 0.220, P = 0.639). TTV DNA positive rates of patients with hepatitis A, B, C, E and non-A to E were 20.0% (6/30), 16.7% (5/30), 23.3% (7/30), 36.7% (11/30) and 18.3% (11/60), respectively. Of 40 TTV DNA positive patients, 20 (50.0%) were TTV G1, 7 (17.5%) TTV G2, 10 (25.0%) coinfected with different genotypes of TTV, and 3 untyped by HMA. Twenty G1 and 7 G2 detected by HMA were confirmed by sequence analysis. Of 10 patients coinfected with different genotypes of TTV, 5 were G1 and G2, 2 G1 and G3, 1 G1 and G4, 1 G1 and G3, and 1 with G1, G2 and G3 coinfections.

CONCLUSIONHMA was recognized as simple, sensitive, specific and less-costly, thus could be used for genotyping of TTV.

DNA, Viral ; analysis ; Genotype ; Hepatitis, Viral, Human ; virology ; Heteroduplex Analysis ; methods ; Humans ; Phylogeny ; Torque teno virus ; classification ; genetics